菩薩戒義疏 2.65

2.65

第四十六、說法不如法戒。強為解說，彼此有慢法之失故制。出家五眾同，大小俱制。在家不全為法主，止說一句一偈不如法，亦犯。序事三重：一、常應大悲教化，即是兼制也。「不得立」，示說法儀則。為白衣說，不得倚立，法應同坐。若相與立亦非過。此中舉立為語。若人臥，說法坐立，或復覆頭捉杖，悉不得。二、為四眾說亦不得立。莫言僧尼有道而倚立為說，亦是輕法為犯也。「其說法者」，三、舉非結過。

Forty-sixth, the precept against preaching the Dharma improperly: Establishing explanations by force, with both parties falling into disrespect toward the Dharma; hence it is established. It applies to all five monastic assemblies, and is prescribed in both the Great and Small. Householders do not serve entirely as Dharma masters, yet merely speaking a single line or verse improperly also constitutes an offense. The account of the matter has three layers: First, one should constantly teach and transform with great compassion, which is the concomitant rule. "Must not stand" demonstrates the decorum for preaching the Dharma: preaching to white-robed laity, one must not lean or stand; by rule, one should sit together. If both are standing together, that too is not a fault; standing is cited here as an example. If the other person is lying down while the speaker sits or stands, or if they have their head covered or hold a staff, in all such cases preaching is impermissible. Second, preaching to the four assemblies, one also must not stand. Do not say that because monks and nuns possess the path, one may lean or stand to preach to them; this too is an offense of slighting the Dharma. "The preacher of the Dharma": third, citing the transgression and concluding the offense.