菩薩戒義疏 2.20

2.20

Fifth, the precept against not instructing [others] to repent offenses: it is established because evil is made clear and faults are augmented. The two monastic assemblies fully commit it. As for the remaining three assemblies and laypeople, although they do not have the material offerings of saṃgha affairs, if they see faults and do not cause them to repent, they also commit a minor defilement infraction. It is prescribed equally in the Great and Small [Vehicles]. The narration of matters has three stages: first, presenting the transgressions; second, explaining what is proper; third, explaining what is not proper. The transgressions refer to violating the eight precepts, the five precepts, or the ten precepts, which exist in both the Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna. The Hīnayāna eight precepts are the fasting rules. The Mahāyāna eight precepts refer to the eight majors of the Bodhisattvabhūmi. The Hīnayāna five precepts are those explained in the Upāsaka-śīla-sūtra for laymen and laywomen. The Hīnayāna has the five heinous crimes; the Mahāyāna has the seven heinous crimes. The seven heinous crimes, as described below, should be repented through instruction. Second, explaining what is proper: whenever a practitioner of the Great or Small Vehicle commits any of the above offenses, if there are the three grounds, one must point it out and instruct them to repent. From "and if a bodhisattva" onward is the third [stage], explaining what is not proper. What is not proper has three clauses: first, one should not dwell together; second, one should not share benefits; third, one should not share the Dharma. In general, according to the above prescriptions: if upon seeing an offense one fails to point it out at first glance, that is one offense. If with one with whom it is impermissible to dwell together, one still silently dwells together, an offense is further added. If to one with whom it is impermissible to share material benefits, one further assigns and gives offerings and benefits, an offense is further added.