梵網經菩薩戒本疏 4.39

4.39

二、辨名者。輕垢者，簡前重戒，是以名輕；簡異無犯，故亦名垢。又釋：黷污清淨行，名垢；體非重過，稱輕。《善戒》、《地持》輕戒，總名突吉羅。《瑜伽》翻為惡作，謂作非順理，故名惡作。又作具過惡，故名作；亦有惡說，即語過也。《善生經》名失意罪，謂忘念所作，乖於本志，故名失意也。

Second, clarifying the name: "minor defilement" (qinggou) sets it apart from the preceding major precepts, hence it is called "minor"; it sets it apart from non-offense, hence it is also called "defilement." Another interpretation: smearing and sullying pure conduct is called "defilement"; the substance not being a grave fault is termed "minor." The minor precepts in the Shanjie and Dichi are collectively called duṣkṛta. The Yogācārabhūmi translates it as "bad action" (e'zuo), meaning an action that does not accord with principle, hence named "bad action." Furthermore, because the act possesses fault and evil, it is called "action"; there is also "bad speech" (durbhāṣita), which is a fault of verbal speech. The Shansheng jing calls it an "offense of lost mindfulness" (shiyi zui), meaning what is done through forgotten mindfulness, contradicting one's original intention, hence called "lost mindfulness."