俱舍論記 17.82

17.82

「論曰至無離間語」者，釋初三句。那洛迦中，麁惡、雜穢及嗔三種通現及成。為苦所逼，由相罵故有麁惡語。為苦所逼，由悲叫故有雜穢語。為苦所逼，身心麁強𢤱戾不調，由互相憎故有嗔恚。貪及邪見成就不現行，由未離故所以成就。不現行者，無可愛境欲貪為己有故。貪業道不現行，雖有涼風觸身起貪，輕非業道。如輪王、北洲貪輕非業道，以惡欲他財貪方名業道。故地獄中有生處得智，知前身造業來生此中，現見業果故。無邪見業道現行。餘五業道既非成就亦非現行。所以者何？業盡死故，無殺業道。無攝受財物故，無不與取。無攝受女人故，無欲邪行。業鏡現前不可拒諱，以無用故，無虛誑語。故《瑜伽論》說「閻羅王變化罪者本身，證其所作，故無妄語。」又解：夫人虛誑為求遂意。於彼處所無事別求，以無用故，無虛誑語。故《婆沙》云「無虛誑語者，無攝受虛誑語事故。」又《正理》云「或虛誑語令他想倒，彼想常倒故無誑語。又即由此無用故，及地獄中為苦所逼心常離故，無離間語。」

"The treatise says: up to no divisive speech": this explains the first three lines. In the hells (naraka), harsh speech, idle talk, and malice are universally active and possessed. Being oppressed by suffering, due to mutual reviling, there is harsh speech. Being oppressed by suffering, due to mournful wailing, there is idle talk. Being oppressed by suffering, their bodies and minds are coarse, harsh, refractory, and untamed; due to mutual hatred, there is malice. Covetousness and wrong view are possessed but not active; because they have not been abandoned, they are possessed. That they are not active is because there are no desirable objects that one would covetously desire to possess for oneself; thus the path of action of covetousness is not active. Although when cool wind touches the body covetousness arises, being mild, it is not a path of action. Just as the covetousness of a wheel-turning king or in the northern continent is mild and not a path of action, only covetousness of evil desire for others' wealth is called a path of action. Moreover, in hell there is knowledge gained through rebirth, knowing that having created karma in a previous life one came to be born here; since one visibly perceives karmic retribution, the path of action of wrong view is not active. The remaining five paths of action are neither possessed nor active. Why is that? Because death occurs only when one's karma is exhausted, there is no path of action of killing. Because there is no acquiring of property, there is no taking what is not given. Because there is no acquiring of women, there is no sexual misconduct. Because the karmic mirror appears before them and cannot be denied, and because it would be useless, there is no false speech. Therefore the *Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra* says: 'King Yama transforms the culprit's own body to witness what was done; hence there is no lying.' Another explanation: mortals tell lies in order to seek their wishes. In that place there is no matter to be sought separately; being useless, there is no false speech. Therefore the *Mahāvibhāṣā* says: 'There is no false speech, because there are no matters for false speech to appropriate.' Furthermore, the *Nyāyānusāra* says: 'Or false speech is intended to invert another's perception, but their perception is constantly inverted, hence there is no false speech. Moreover, precisely because it is useless, and because in hell they are oppressed by suffering and their minds are constantly estranged, there is no divisive speech.'