俱舍論疏 21.18

21.18

論「由此若許至及自部故」，更為別釋也。「應言嫉、慳過失尤重」者，是總句。「謂此二種數現行故」者，釋尤重義。《正理論》云「應作是釋：唯嫉、慳二過失尤重，故十纏中立二為結，由此二種數現行故。謂生欲界雖有九、六、三結、無結，而經唯說嫉、慳二結惱亂人、天。謂雖生在二善趣中，而為賤貪重苦所軛。現見卑賤及諸乏財，乃至極親亦不敬愛。又二遍顯隨煩惱故，謂隨煩惱總有二種：一戚俱行、二歡俱行。嫉、慳遍顯如是二相。又此二能惱二部故，謂在家眾於財位中，由嫉及慳極為惱亂；若出家眾於教行中，由嫉及慳極為惱亂。或能惱天、阿素洛眾，謂因色味極相擾亂。或此能惱人、天二眾，如世尊告憍尸迦言：『由嫉、慳結，人、天惱亂。或此二能惱自、他眾，謂由嫉故惱亂他朋，由內懷慳惱亂自侶。』故十纏內立二為結。」

On the Śāstra's words, "Therefore, if it is accepted... and one's own group": this provides an alternative explanation. "It should be said that envy and stinginess have particularly grave faults" is the summarizing statement. "Because these two frequently manifest" explains the meaning of "particularly grave". The *Nyāyānusāra* says: "The explanation should be made as follows: only envy and stinginess have particularly grave faults; therefore, among the ten entanglements, two are established as fetters, because these two frequently manifest. That is, although beings born in the desire realm have nine, six, three, or no fetters, the sūtra speaks only of the two fetters of envy and stinginess troubling humans and devas. That is, though born in the two good destinies, they are yoked by the heavy suffering of lowliness and greed. It is visibly seen that those who are lowly and lacking in wealth are not respected or loved even by their closest kin. Furthermore, because the two comprehensively manifest the secondary afflictions—that is, secondary afflictions are generally of two kinds: first, those associated with distress, and second, those associated with joy; envy and stinginess comprehensively manifest these two characteristics. Furthermore, because these two can afflict two groups: that is, the householder community is intensely afflicted by envy and stinginess regarding wealth and position; while the monastic community is intensely afflicted by envy and stinginess regarding doctrine and practice. Or, they can afflict the hosts of devas and asuras, being intensely perturbed on account of physical beauty and sensory pleasures. Or, these can afflict the two groups of humans and devas, as the World-Honoured One said to Kauśika: 'Due to the fetters of envy and stinginess, humans and devas are troubled.' Or, these two can afflict one's own group and others' groups: due to envy one troubles opposing factions, and by harboring stinginess within one troubles one's own companions. Therefore, among the ten entanglements, two are established as fetters."