俱舍論頌疏論本 21.16

21.16

由二不超欲，由三復還下者，正釋順下也。由貪、瞋二不超欲界，設有能超，上生有頂，由身見等三還生欲界，故說貪、瞋如守獄卒，身見等三如防邏人，故說此五名順下分。有說言下分者，謂下有情，即異生也，及取下界，謂欲界也。前三能障超下有情，後二能令不超欲界，故五皆得順下分名。問：「如諸預流斷六煩惱，云何經說斷三結耶？」答：「此有二師：第一釋者，頌云『攝門根故三』，言攝門者，謂身見在一門，即苦門也；戒禁取在二門，謂苦道門也；疑通四門，謂四諦門也。說斷三種，攝彼三門故，說斷三已說斷六。言攝根者，謂邊見依身見轉，見取依戒禁取轉，邪見依疑轉，故說斷三種攝彼三根，故說斷三已說斷六。」

"Due to two, one does not transcend desire; due to three, one returns below again": this directly explains according with the lower tier. Due to the two—greed and hostility—one does not transcend the desire realm. Even if one were able to transcend it and be born above in the peak of existence (bhavāgra), due to the three—identity view and the others—one is born again in the desire realm. Therefore, it is said that greed and hostility are like prison guards, while the three, identity view and the others, are like patrol officers; hence these five are called 'according with the lower tier.' Some say that 'the lower tier' refers to lower sentient beings, namely ordinary worldlings (pṛthagjana), and takes the lower realm, namely the desire realm. The former three can obstruct transcending lower sentient beings, and the latter two can cause one not to transcend the desire realm; hence all five obtain the name 'according with the lower tier.' Question: "Since stream-enterers abandon six defilements, why does the sūtra say that they abandon three fetters?" Answer: "Here there are two masters. The first explanation: the verse says, 'Because of subsuming gateways and roots, there are three.' 'Subsuming gateways' means that identity view is in one gateway, namely the gateway of suffering; adherence to rules and rituals is in two gateways, namely the gateways of suffering and the path; doubt pervades four gateways, namely the gateways of the four truths. In speaking of abandoning three kinds, because those three gateways are subsumed, having spoken of abandoning three, one has spoken of abandoning six. 'Subsuming roots' means that extreme view operates in dependence on identity view, adherence to views operates in dependence on adherence to rules and rituals, and wrong view operates in dependence on doubt; therefore, in speaking of abandoning three kinds, those three roots are subsumed; hence having spoken of abandoning three, one has spoken of abandoning six."