俱舍論頌疏論本 5.14

5.14

非聖得一世者，非聖者，明修人也。謂唯外道修無想定，必非聖者。論云：「以諸聖者於無想定如見深坑，不樂入故。要執無想為真解脫，起出離想而修此定，一切聖者不執有漏為真解脫及真出離，故於此定必不修行（解云：計無想天為真解脫，無想定為真出離，無出離生死也）。」得一世者，明成就也。謂無想定初念起時，唯得現世，名為一世，如初受得別解脫戒。此無想定從第二念已去，乃至未捨，是有記故，亦成過去，有法後得也。故知初念唯成一世。第二念等若未出觀，通成過、現，以無心故，無未來修，無法前得也。若出觀已，唯成過去。論云：「若諸聖者修得第四靜慮地時，若為如靜慮，亦得去來無想定不？」解云：此問意者，如聖人初修得第四禪，過去已失靜慮，及未來未起靜慮，以曾習故，今時總得，以有心靜慮通三世成就也。此聖人為如靜慮，亦得曾習過去無想定，及未來未起無想定不？以無想定屬第四禪，聖人修得第四禪時，既得過、未有心靜慮，過、未無想應亦有得，故為此問也。餘亦不得（答也。餘凡夫人得第四禪，亦不得去來無想定，何況聖人乎）。所以者何（徵也）？彼雖曾習，以無心故，要待加行，方便修得，故初得時唯得一世（答前徵也。彼無想定於過去生雖能曾習，以無心故，今時要須更修加行方可得也。故知凡夫修得第四禪，而未修無想定，不可得之也）。

'Not attained by noble ones, attained in a single lifetime': 'not attained by noble ones' clarifies the person who cultivates it. It means that only tīrthikas cultivate the absorption of non-conception; it is definitely not cultivated by noble ones. The Śāstra states: 'Because noble ones look upon the absorption of non-conception as if seeing a deep pit and have no desire to enter it. One must grasp non-conception as true liberation and cultivate this absorption with the notion of renunciation; all noble ones do not grasp what is defiled (sāsrava) as true liberation and true renunciation, hence they definitely do not cultivate this absorption.' (The explanation states: They grasp the Heaven of Non-conception as true liberation and the absorption of non-conception as true renunciation, yet it is not renunciation of saṃsāra.) 'Attained in a single lifetime' clarifies accomplishment (samanvāgama). It means that when the absorption of non-conception first arises for a single moment, one only attains it in the present lifetime; hence it is called 'a single lifetime', like initially receiving and attaining the prātimokṣa precepts. From the second moment onward, until it is abandoned, because it is determinate, one also accomplishes it as past, and there is acquisition posterior to the dharma. Therefore one knows that in the first moment, it is accomplished only in a single lifetime. In the second moment and so on, if one has not yet emerged from contemplation, one accomplishes both past and present; because it is mindless, there is no future cultivation, nor acquisition prior to the dharma. If one has already emerged from contemplation, one accomplishes only the past. The Śāstra states: 'When noble ones cultivate and attain the ground of the fourth dhyāna, is it like the dhyānas, wherein they also attain past and future absorptions of non-conception, or not?' The explanation states: The intention of this question is: when a noble person initially cultivates and attains the fourth dhyāna, the past dhyāna that was lost and the future dhyāna that has not yet arisen, because of prior habituation, are all attained at the present time, because dhyānas with mind are accomplished across the three times. For this noble person, is it like the dhyānas, wherein they also attain the previously habituated past absorption of non-conception and the future absorption of non-conception that has not yet arisen, or not? Since the absorption of non-conception belongs to the fourth dhyāna, when a noble person cultivates and attains the fourth dhyāna, since they attain past and future dhyānas with mind, they should also attain past and future non-conception; hence this question is asked. Others also do not attain it (this is the answer: other ordinary beings who attain the fourth dhyāna also do not attain past and future absorptions of non-conception, how much less a noble person!). Why is this (investigation)? Although they were previously habituated to it, because it is mindless, it must await preparatory effort (prayogābhisaskāra) and expedient means to be cultivated and attained; therefore, when initially attained, it is attained only in a single lifetime (answering the preceding investigation: although one was previously habituated to that absorption of non-conception in past lives, because it is mindless, at the present time one must further cultivate preparatory effort before it can be attained. Therefore one knows that if an ordinary person cultivates and attains the fourth dhyāna without having cultivated the absorption of non-conception, it cannot be attained).