俱舍論頌疏論本 6.66

6.66

一與唯過去者，一謂異熟因，此異熟因唯過去與果，謂異熟果，不與因俱，及無間生故，此因與果唯過去世。問：「取果與果，其義如何？」答：「能為彼種，故名取果，種者因義。現在為因，能取後果，故取果用。唯於現在，正與彼力，故名與果。謂果將生，因與力用，令入現在，故名與果，故取與用唯目因也。」論云：「善同類因有時取果而非與果，應作四句：第一句者，謂斷善根時，最後所捨得。」解云：最後善得住現在世，已成因義，故名取果。無後善得果，至生相故。此現在因不名與果也。「第二句者，謂續善根時，最初所得得。」解云：續善根時，最初所得得者，謂得過去最後所捨善得，此過去善得名為與果，謂善得所引果今時至生相故也。「不名取果者，由已取故也。應言爾時，續者前得。」解云：論主恐人不解前文所得得言，謂將通取過去諸得，故今解云：應說爾時續者，前得前得，是前最後所捨善得也。「第三句者，謂不斷善根，於所餘諸位。」解云：於一身中有所餘諸善心位，能為因故，名為取果。有果生故，得名與果也。「第四句者，謂除前相。」解云：除前三句相，所餘未來善等皆非取與也。

'One gives only in the past': 'one' refers to the ripening cause. This ripening cause gives results only in the past; because the ripening result does not arise simultaneously with or immediately without interval from the cause, this cause gives results only in the past time. Question: 'What is the meaning of "taking a result" and "giving a result"?' Answer: 'Being able to serve as its seed is called "taking a result"; "seed" has the meaning of cause. Being a cause in the present, it is able to take a future result; therefore the function of taking a result is only in the present. Giving it power directly is called "giving a result"; that is, when the result is about to arise, the cause gives it power and function, causing it to enter the present, hence it is called "giving a result". Thus the functions of taking and giving refer solely to the cause.' The treatise states: 'When a wholesome similar cause sometimes takes a result and does not give a result, four alternatives should be made: the first alternative refers to the acquisition (prāpti) that is abandoned last at the time of severing the roots of goodness.' Explanation: the last wholesome acquisition abides in the present time and has already achieved the meaning of being a cause, hence it is called taking a result. Since no subsequent wholesome acquisition result reaches the characteristic of arising, this present cause is not called giving a result. 'The second alternative refers to the acquisition that is obtained first at the time of reconnecting the roots of goodness.' Explanation: the acquisition obtained first at the time of reconnecting the roots of goodness refers to acquiring the wholesome acquisition abandoned last in the past; this past wholesome acquisition is called giving a result, because the result induced by the wholesome acquisition reaches the characteristic of arising at this time. 'It is not called taking a result because it has already taken it. One should say that at that time, it is the reconnector's prior acquisition.' Explanation: the author of the treatise feared that people would misunderstand the earlier expression 'the acquisition obtained', thinking it generally takes all past acquisitions, so he now explains: one should say that at that time, it is the reconnector's prior acquisition; the prior acquisition is the wholesome acquisition abandoned last before. 'The third alternative refers to the remaining states when the roots of goodness are not severed.' Explanation: in a single body, there are remaining wholesome mental states; because they can serve as causes, they are called taking a result; and because results arise, they can be called giving a result. 'The fourth alternative refers to excluding the preceding characteristics.' Explanation: excluding the characteristics of the preceding three alternatives, all remaining future wholesome [dharmas] and so forth neither take nor give.