瑜伽論記 1.486

1.486

八大那落迦處，諸大那落迦者，婆沙百七十二釋，那落是造義，迦是惡義。造惡之者，生彼處故等有多義也。獨一者，或在虛空，或在廣野，或在山間等。寒者，則八寒。近邊者，八熱門。外四種園，第四卷中當釋。傍生有三住處，謂諸地水空，大海為本，從此本處散行餘處。鬼住處者，以閻羅王處為本，此於閻浮洲下，深五百由旬，有大國土縱廣五百由旬，從此本處散行餘處。又婆沙說：閻浮提諸西南有五百鬼城，半受苦、半受樂。起世經云：閻浮提南二鐵圍間，有閻羅王宮，縱廣六千由旬。乃至廣說。

"The locations of the eight great hells (naraka)": regarding the various great hells, the Vibhāṣā, fascicle 172, explains: 'Nara' means 'to do', and 'ka' means 'evil'; because those who have done evil are born in that place, along with many other meanings. The "solitary ones" are either in empty space, or in wide wildernesses, or among mountains, and so forth. The "cold ones" are the eight cold [hells]. The "neighboring ones" are the four kinds of gardens outside the gates of the eight hot [hells], which will be explained in the fourth fascicle. Animals have three dwelling places, namely land, water, and space; the great ocean is their primary dwelling, and from this primary dwelling they disperse and move to other places. The dwelling place of ghosts has the realm of King Yama as its primary locus; this is five hundred yojanas beneath Jambudvīpa, where there is a great domain five hundred yojanas in length and breadth, and from this primary locus they disperse and move to other places. Furthermore, the Vibhāṣā states: To the southwest of Jambudvīpa there are five hundred ghost cities, [whose inhabitants] half experience suffering and half experience pleasure. The Qishi jing says: Between the two Iron Enclosing Mountains to the south of Jambudvīpa, there is the palace of King Yama, six thousand yojanas in length and breadth, and so forth in detail.