瑜伽師地論略纂 1.104

1.104

「八大那落迦處、諸大那落迦」者，即八熱地獄。「獨一」者，即孤獨地獄。「寒」者，即八寒。「近邊」者，八熱門外四種薗。第四卷中當釋。《婆沙》一百七十二釋：那落是造義，迦是惡義，造惡之者生彼處故。又落迦名可樂，捺是不義，不可樂處。又落迦名喜樂，捺是壞義，壞喜樂故。或落迦名歸趣，捺是無義，無歸趣故。或落迦名救濟，捺是無義，無救濟者故。或落迦名苦器，那落迦是惡者，惡者生彼苦處器故。　鬼界，地下五百踰繕那，彼界縱廣亦爾。餘鬼支派，隨其所住。《婆沙》云，此洲西南有五百鬼城，半福德受果如天，端嚴殊勝；餘半飢餓，醜陋形容。轉輪王使唯至四洲，不至彼界，不與交通，福德者可得。傍生住處，本居大海，餘隨所住。

"The locations of the eight great narakas, and the various great narakas" refer to the eight hot hells. "Solitary" refers to the solitary hells. "Cold" refers to the eight cold hells. "Neighboring" refers to the four types of gardens outside the gates of the eight hot hells. These will be explained in the fourth fascicle. The Vibhāṣā, fascicle 172, explains: "Nara" has the meaning of creating, and "ka" has the meaning of evil, because those who create evil are born in that place. Also, "loka" means agreeable, and "na" means not: a disagreeable place. Also, "loka" means joy and pleasure, and "na" means destruction: because it destroys joy and pleasure. Or "loka" means refuge, and "na" means absence: because there is no refuge. Or "loka" means salvation, and "na" means absence: because there is no savior. Or "loka" means receptacle of suffering, and "naraka" refers to evil doers: because evil doers are born in that receptacle of suffering. The realm of hungry ghosts is five hundred yojanas beneath the earth; the length and breadth of that realm are also the same. The remaining branches of ghosts dwell wherever they may. The Vibhāṣā states that to the southwest of this continent there are five hundred ghost cities, where half enjoy retributive fruits due to merit like devas, dignified and extraordinary, while the other half are starved and of hideous appearance. The envoys of a wheel-turning king only go to the four continents and do not reach that realm, not interacting with them; those with merit may be found there. As for the dwelling places of animals, originally they dwelt in the great ocean; the rest dwell wherever they may.