瑜伽論記 17.190

17.190

基云：明大乘但說四業也，此中多說。一云，謂先生此生凡位作不善業，此是決定業故，得羅漢時受少輕苦，故名果報已熟，已得轉依有餘涅槃故，一切不善決定業受，異熟果皆不受，唯受少輕便酬，此是前不善勢分麁重令報受起，非不善業現在故。問：此是決定業何故羅漢轉輕受耶？答：佛依未解脫身凡夫建立定業，非得解脫者身建立定業，此可轉輕受故。二云：轉依者謂入無餘涅槃，種子無故，一切不受，依未入無餘涅槃建立定業，入無餘涅槃名解脫相續，然阿羅漢入有餘涅槃亦名未解脫，故受輕業，又解：得有餘涅槃已。今有勢分故，現在受小輕苦，其果報種子永斷故，於未來一切不受，此意如此。

Ji says: clarifying that the Mahāyāna speaks of only four karmas; here, several explanations are given. One says: unwholesome karma created in a previous life or in this life at the ordinary stage is definite karma, so when obtaining arhatship, one experiences a small amount of light suffering, which is therefore called "the fruit-retribution having already ripened"; because one has already attained basis-transformation and nirvāṇa with remainder, regarding all unwholesome karma of definite fruition, one does not experience the ripening fruit at all, but only experiences a small and light [suffering] to pay it off; this is the coarse heavy burden of the momentum of the prior unwholesome [karma] that causes the retribution to arise, not because unwholesome karma is present. Question: Since this is definite karma, why does an arhat have it transformed into light experience? Answer: The Buddha established definite karma on the basis of ordinary persons whose bodies are not yet liberated, not on the basis of the bodies of those who have attained liberation; this can be transformed into light experience. A second [explanation] says: "basis-transformation" refers to entering nirvāṇa without remainder; because seeds do not exist, one experiences nothing at all; definite karma is established on the basis of those who have not yet entered nirvāṇa without remainder, and entering nirvāṇa without remainder is called the continuum of liberation; however, an arhat who enters nirvāṇa with remainder is also called "not yet liberated," and thus experiences light karma. Another explanation says: after having attained nirvāṇa with remainder, because there is present momentum, one experiences a small amount of light suffering in the present; because its fruit-retribution seeds are permanently severed, in the future one experiences nothing at all; such is the purport.