瑜伽師地論略纂 1.74

1.74

「又造惡業者，謂屠羊等」下，生相中，第一明當有生，正趣體故。文復分二：初明中有向五趣生相；「又由三處現前」下，明胎生生相。復分二：初明向地獄生相、後顯餘四趣向生相。初復分四：初明趣向相；次明化生具根，遍受苦故；次明向彼心；後結成道理。初文有二：初明見地獄相，謂已舊同類，喜樂馳趣，生處境礙，則便續生；後明中有末心見當地獄果諸色紛亂相，如前將死見中有相，前滅後生等。「如癭鬼」者，有鬼大癭，不能自持，極受眾苦，同於地獄。故〈決擇分〉：生鬼、畜一分，恒受眾苦，同於地獄。何故此中唯說鬼趣？鬼趣重故，又略舉故。

Below "Furthermore, those who perform evil karma, such as slaughtering sheep...", within the characteristics of birth, the first explains birth into future existence, because it is the actual substance of the destiny. The text is further divided into two: first, it explains the characteristics of the intermediate state heading toward birth in the five destinies; below "Furthermore, through the presence of three places...", it explains the characteristics of womb-birth. It is further divided into two: first, it explains the characteristics of birth heading toward hell; later, it reveals the characteristics of heading toward birth in the remaining four destinies. The first is further divided into four: first, it explains the characteristics of heading toward it; next, it explains that apparitional birth is complete with faculties, so as to experience suffering completely; next, it explains the mental state directed toward it; and finally, it concludes the rationale. The first text has two parts: first, it explains seeing the appearance of hell, meaning that seeing former companions of the same kind, one rejoices and rushes toward them, and being obstructed at the boundary of the place of birth, one then continues birth; later, it explains that the final mind of the intermediate state sees the confused and turbulent appearances of the various colors and forms of the fruit of that hell, just like previously when about to die one saw the appearances of the intermediate state, the prior ceasing and the subsequent arising, and so forth. "Like a goiter preta": there are pretas with large goiters who cannot support themselves and undergo immense suffering, equivalent to hell. Therefore the Viniścayasaṃgrahaṇī states: A portion of those born as pretas and animals constantly undergo immense suffering, equivalent to hell. Why does this text speak only of the preta destiny? Because the preta destiny is heavy, and also because it is cited as an abbreviation.