瑜伽師地論略纂 2.94

2.94

From "Furthermore, in the four kinds of narakas" downward, the explanation of the experience of pleasure is divided into three, because the three realms differ. The first is in this fascicle, and the latter two are in the fifth fascicle. The desire realm is divided into three: hells make one; ghosts, animals, and humans make two; devas make three. Regarding the "four kinds of hells": these are the eight hot, eight cold, peripheral, and solitary hells. Regarding the "three kinds of hungry ghosts": these are the three kinds of hungry ghosts explained earlier. Regarding "having no pleasant experience": even concordant pleasure (niṣyanda-sukha) does not exist at all. Where Vasubandhu's Mahāyānasaṃgraha states that there is concordant pleasure, the fifth fascicle of the Vijñaptimātratā reconciles it, saying: one should know that it speaks according to provisional doctrine, following the Sarvāstivādins and others. Alternatively, it broadly speaks of other mixed experiences where, because there is no retributive pleasure (vipāka-sukha), it is called purely painful. This means that aside from the hells, other ghosts and animals also have concordant pleasure, and lacking retributive pleasure, it is called purely painful. Therefore, this text states that powerful ghosts, animals, and humans possess the pleasure of material requisites. That there is no pleasure here is said only of the three classes of ghosts. The Viniścayasaṃgrahaṇī then says: "A portion of animals is also called purely painful"; although animals are indeed like this, because there is no distinct characteristic to designate, it is omitted and not mentioned.