成唯識論了義燈 4.94

4.94

Question: Exactly which devas are those of playful heedlessness and malicious anger? Answer: The root commentary explains: the four heavens of the desire realm [that dwell in] empty space, not the lower two heavens. Ximing says: they encompass all six heavens. The Yaoji judges: this statement is close to reason, because the Vibhāṣā speaks of them being in the lower two heavens; although Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna differ, both can serve as evidence. Now I say this is not so. If the intrinsic nature of the four propositions is not spoken of in terms of fixed persons and places, but merely in terms of meeting conditions, it could extend across the six [hevens of the] desire realm. If spoken of in terms of fixed persons and places, then the root commentary is correct. According to principle, it is indeed based on fixed persons and places. If not so, a person would only be harmed by another, and thus not harm themselves; or if they harmed themselves, they would not be harmed by another. Why would there need to be the devas of playful heedlessness and malicious anger, or the stage of the kalala? Moreover, since the devas of play and anger belong to Śakra, how could they not be harmed by the asuras when fighting against them? If they are harmed by them, then this is indefinite; then it would follow that the Buddha's messengers and others have both harming self and others, both being indefinite, which would lead to confusion. Relying on there being no confusion, the Mahāyāna determines it strictly, so the root commentary is correct, free from the fault of mutual confusion and the flaw of indefiniteness. Furthermore, the Chuyao lun says they are the four heavens [dwelling in] empty space.