因明入正理論疏 1.112

1.112

辨差別者，雖依建立順益等義，總得因名，有果不同，疎成生了，各類有別，分言、義、智。體異便成立敵二智，義之與言生了各殊，別開六種。由此應言得果分兩，約體成四，據類有三，望義為六。智了因唯是生因果，而非生因因。智生因唯是生因因，而非了因果。言、義二生因為智生因果，為智了因因。言、義二了因為智了因因，非為智了果，得為智生果，不作智生因。以言望於義，亦成顯了因；以義望於言，亦成顯了果。以義望於言，亦作能生因；以言望於義，亦為所生果。由此應說，唯因不是果，謂智生因為果亦成因，餘五果。又為四句：有唯生因而非了因，謂智生因；有是了因而非生因，謂智了因；有是生因亦是了因，謂言義；有非生因亦非了因，謂所立宗。

Regarding discerning distinctions, although in accordance with the senses of establishing, assisting, and so forth, they all generally receive the name of 'reason', they have differing results: indirectly accomplishing production and cognition, their respective types being distinct, dividing into speech, object, and cognition. Their essences being different, they establish the two cognitions of the proponent and opponent, and the object and speech each differ regarding production and cognition, separately opening into six kinds. Thus one should say: in terms of obtaining results, they are divided into two; regarding essence, they make four; according to class, there are three; in relation to meaning, there are six. The cognitive cognitive reason is solely the result of the productive reason, and not the cause of the productive reason. The cognitive productive reason is solely the cause of the productive reason, and not the result of the cognitive reason. The verbal and objective productive reasons are the results of the cognitive productive reason, and the causes of the cognitive cognitive reason. The verbal and objective cognitive reasons are the causes of the cognitive cognitive reason and not the results of the cognitive [cognitive reason]; they can be the results of the cognitive productive [reason], but do not act as the cause of the cognitive productive [reason]. Looking from speech to object, it also becomes a manifest cognitive reason; looking from object to speech, it also becomes a manifest cognitive result. Looking from object to speech, it also acts as a producing cause; looking from speech to object, it is also a produced result. Therefore one should say: that which is only a cause and not a result refers to the cognitive productive reason; that which is a result and also becomes a cause refers to the remaining five results. Furthermore, there is a fourfold proposition: there is that which is only a productive reason and not a cognitive reason, namely the cognitive productive reason; there is that which is a cognitive reason and not a productive reason, namely the cognitive cognitive reason; there is that which is both a productive reason and a cognitive reason, namely speech and object; there is that which is neither a productive reason nor a cognitive reason, namely the thesis to be established.