因明入正理論疏 3.21

3.21

Question: 'Regarding the three characteristics of the reason, what fault is it?' Answer: 'His intention in putting forward the reason is to establish that the use by a non-composite other is primary. The primary use by a composite other is the heterologue (vipakṣa); the thesis has no homologous example (sapakṣa). In the Buddha's teaching there is no non-composite other whatsoever; therefore, the reason "being composite" is present in the heterologue. This shows that it still belongs to the case among the nine types of reason where it is present in the heterologue and absent from the homologue; hence it becomes contradictory, lacking the second characteristic, definitive presence in the homologue, and also lacking the third characteristic, pervasive absence from the heterologue.'