大乘義章 14.21

14.21

次就行論。行謂自利利他之道，十中初二是自行始，自行無出功德智慧；次五是其外化行願。約化中，初一為物求法，第二依法化增善心，第三知其所化眾生，第四知其所化住處，第五自求清淨佛土、攝取眾生。後之三願，自他不定。隨相別分，第八一願自利行成，第九一願利他行成，第十自利利他得。果菩提自體是自利果，菩提作業是利他果。通論後三皆是自利並是利他故。地論釋言「此後三種，顯示自身並利他故。」地論釋言「此後三種得如實教。」若復通論，十俱自利、十俱利他。故《地論》中解釋大願有二種勝：一常懃行無量行故，即是自利；二與一切眾生同行。言同行者，十盡示現，即是利他（此三門竟）。

Next, discussing them according to activity. Activity refers to the path of self-benefit and benefiting others. Among the ten, the first two are the beginning of one's own activity; one's own activity does not go beyond merit and wisdom. The next five are vows of activity directed toward transforming others externally. Regarding transformation: the first is seeking the Dharma for the sake of beings; the second is transforming and increasing good minds based on the Dharma; the third is knowing the sentient beings to be transformed; the fourth is knowing the dwelling places of those to be transformed; the fifth is personally seeking pure Buddha-lands and gathering in sentient beings. In the latter three vows, self and other are indeterminate. Differentiating them according to their specific aspects: in the eighth vow, the activity of self-benefit is accomplished; in the ninth vow, the activity of benefiting others is accomplished; in the tenth, the fruit of both self-benefit and benefiting others is attained. The nature of bodhi itself is the fruit of self-benefit; the operations of bodhi are the fruit of benefiting others. Universally speaking, the latter three are all self-benefit and all benefiting others. Hence the *Daśabhūmikā-śāstra* explains: 'These latter three demonstrate one's own person as well as benefiting others.' The *Daśabhūmikā-śāstra* also explains: 'These latter three attain the teaching according with reality.' Furthermore, universally speaking, all ten are self-benefit and all ten are benefiting others. Therefore, the *Daśabhūmikā-śāstra* explains that the great vows have two kinds of excellence: first, constantly striving to practice limitless activities, which is self-benefit; second, practicing identically with all sentient beings—and 'practicing identically' means manifesting all ten completely, which is benefiting others (here ends this third section).