佛制比丘六物圖 1.78

1.78

三、明著法。《律》令「齊整著三衣」。《三千威儀》：「著時，不得向佛塔、上座、三師，亦莫背，不得口銜及兩手奮。」《鼻柰耶》：「應挑著肩上，不得垂臂肘。」此是前制。《感通傳》天人所告，凡經四制：「初度五人已來，竝制袈裟左臂，座具在袈裟下。次為年少美貌，入城乞食，多為女愛，遂制衣角在左肩，以坐具鎮之。復次，因比丘為外道難云：『豈得以所座之布而居法衣之上？』從此還制，令著左臂，座具在下。最後，因比丘著衣不齊整，外道譏云：『如婬女，如象鼻。』由此始制上安鉤紐，令以衣角達于左臂，置於腋下，不得令垂，如上過也。」今則宜從後制，不然搭於肩上，若垂肘臂，定是非法，以眾學中制罪故也。

Third, explaining the manner of wearing [the robes]. The Vinaya commands: "Wear the three robes neatly." The Sanqian weiyi states: "When wearing them, one must not face a stupa, a senior monk, or the three preceptors, nor should one turn one's back [to them]; one must not hold them with the mouth or shake them with both hands." The Vinaya states: "One should drape it over the shoulder; it must not hang down over the arm or elbow." This was an earlier regulation. As related by the deva in the Gantong zhuan, four regulations in all were instituted: "First, from the initial conversion of the five monks onwards, the kāṣāya was uniformly prescribed to be worn on the left arm, with the sitting mat under the kāṣāya. Next, because young and handsome [monks] entered the city to beg for food and were frequently loved by women, it was then prescribed that the corner of the robe should be over the left shoulder, weighed down with the sitting mat. Again, because a monk was challenged by non-Buddhists saying, 'How can the cloth one sits upon be placed on top of the dharma robe?', from then on the regulation was restored, ordering it to be worn over the left arm with the sitting mat beneath. Finally, because monks wore their robes untidily, non-Buddhists ridiculed them saying, 'Like courtesans, like elephant trunks!' Because of this, it was first prescribed to fix a hook and loop on top, so that the corner of the robe would pass over the left arm and be placed under the armpit, not allowing it to hang down, avoiding the faults mentioned above." Today, one should follow the later regulation; otherwise, draping it over the shoulder or letting it hang over the elbow or arm is strictly non-Dharmic, because offenses were established for this among the śaikṣa rules.