摩訶止觀 4.169

4.169

復次，依中起蓋，障於中道。所以者何？菩薩貪求佛法，如海吞流，無有厭足。生名愛法，起順道貪，此名貪蓋；不喜二乘，大樹折枝，不宿怨鳥，是名瞋蓋。無明長遠，設使上地猶有分在，《大論》云「處處說破無明三昧」者，初雖破，後更須破。無智慧明，即睡蓋；菩薩三業雖無失，比佛猶有漏失，名掉悔蓋；初、後理圓，而初心智慧不逮於後，是名疑蓋。此蓋不棄，終不與實相相應；此蓋若除，真如理顯，開佛知見。此五蓋法不局在初心，地地皆有，唯佛究竟八萬四千波羅蜜，具足圓滿，到於彼岸。故《地持》云：「第九離一切見清淨淨禪。」若得此意，蓋相則長，非但欲界而已。

Furthermore, relying on the middle, hindrances arise that obstruct the middle way. Why is this? A bodhisattva greedily seeks the Buddha-Dharma like an ocean swallowing streams, without satiety. Giving rise to what is called attachment to Dharma, producing greed in accordance with the Path, is called the hindrance of greed; having no joy in the two vehicles, like a great tree breaking its branches so that predatory birds do not roost, is called the hindrance of hatred. Avidyā is long and distant; even granting that in the higher stages there are still portions remaining, as the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says, "Everywhere it speaks of the samādhi that shatters avidyā"—though shattered at first, later it must be shattered further. The absence of the light of wisdom is the hindrance of sleep; although the bodhisattva's three types of action are without fault, compared to a Buddha there are still faults and lapses, which is called the hindrance of restlessness and regret; the principle is perfect from beginning to end, but the wisdom of the initial mind does not reach that of the later [stages], which is called the hindrance of doubt. If these hindrances are not discarded, one will never accord with true reality; if these hindrances are removed, the principle of suchness is revealed, opening the Buddha's knowledge and vision. The dharmas of these five hindrances are not confined to the initial mind; they exist at every ground. Only the Buddha ultimately completes and fulfills the eighty-four thousand pāramitās, reaching the other shore. Therefore the Bodhisattvabhūmi-sūtra says: "The ninth is the pure, clean dhyāna that is free from all views." If one grasps this meaning, the characteristics of the hindrances are vast, not existing merely in the desire realm.