摩訶止觀 6.12

6.12

若初習禪破於事障，發欲界定；破於性障，即發色定。故云：「事障未來，性障根本。」性障若除，初禪法起。八觸觸身，五支功德生，是初禪相。其中有味，名「貪」；輕於不得者，名「慢」；不知禪中苦集，名「癡」。如此三惑，復有九品，品品三假。色法八觸，觸欲界意根等，即是因成；分別為觀，念念不斷，即相續；此發禪心，異於不發，即是相待。若不觀破，隨禪受生，何謂不生？今用四句止觀善巧修習方便勝進。一品惑斷，名「無礙道」；證無惑處，即「解脫道」。一分惑除，即因果等無生，是名「從假入空」也。相續、相待，用四觀觀假入空，亦如是。破初品既然，餘八品亦如是。破貪既然，破慢、癡九品亦如是。

When first practicing dhyāna, if one destroys obstacles regarding phenomena, the samādhi of the desire realm arises; if one destroys obstacles regarding nature, the samādhi of the form realm arises. Therefore it is said: 'Obstacles regarding phenomena pertain to the access [concentration]; obstacles regarding nature pertain to the root [dhyāna].' If obstacles regarding nature are removed, the dharmas of the first dhyāna arise. When the eight sensations touch the body and the virtues of the five limbs arise, these are the marks of the first dhyāna. Among them, relishing is called 'greed'; looking down on those who have not attained it is called 'arrogance'; not knowing suffering and origination within dhyāna is called 'ignorance'. These three delusions again have nine grades, and each grade has the three provisionalities. The eight sensations of form touching the mental faculty and so forth of the desire realm is conditioned arising; distinguishing them in contemplation continuously moment to moment is continuity; that this mind of arising dhyāna differs from not arising it is relativity. If one does not contemplate and destroy them, one undergoes rebirth in accordance with dhyāna; how could this be called non-arising? Now, one uses the four options of calming and contemplation, skillfully cultivating expedients and superior progress. Severing one grade of delusion is called the 'path of non-obstruction'; realizing the state free from delusion is precisely the 'path of liberation'. Eliminating one portion of delusion is the non-arising of cause, effect, and so forth; this is called 'entering emptiness from the provisional'. For continuity and relativity, using the four contemplations to contemplate the provisional and enter emptiness is also like this. As it is with destroying the first grade, so it is with the remaining eight grades. As it is with destroying greed, so it is with destroying the nine grades of arrogance and ignorance.