佛祖統紀 32.29

32.29

地獄有三。一熱。二寒。三邊。一熱地獄者有八。一名等活。罪人手生鐵爪相摑肉墮。或獄卒唱生。或冷風吹活。兩緣雖異令活一等。人受苦已復至黑沙獄乃至沸屎獄。次第至寒氷獄。然後命終。由身口意造不善業墮此獄中。一一大獄各有十六小獄。周匝圍遶（即婆沙論十六遊增）二名黑繩。以熱鐵繩絣量肢體後方斬鋸。久受苦已至黑沙獄乃至寒氷獄。然後命終。準前受苦加重。由惡意向父母及聲聞墮此獄中。三名眾合。眾多苦具熾然猛熱合來逼惱（餘義準前作）由造三惡業墮此獄中。四名叫喚。獄卒捉人擲鐵鑊中。涌沸叫喚。由瞋恚懷毒墮此獄中。五名大叫喚。置鐵鑊中號咷大叫。由習邪見惡行墮此獄中。六名炎熱。置鐵城中火然焦爛。由燒炙眾生墮此獄中。八名無間（梵語阿鼻或作阿毘）獄卒捉彼罪人剝皮纏身著火車上。萬毒並至無不苦時。為極重罪墮此獄中（十惡五逆也。已上參用長阿含經文）此八地獄在閻浮洲下。重累而住受熱惱苦。前二有主治。次三少主治。後三無主治。二寒地獄者有八。一名頞浮陀。寒苦所切肉生細泡。二名尼賴浮陀。寒風所吹通身成泡。此二從身相受名。三名阿吒吒。脣動不得舌作此聲。四名阿波波。舌不得動脣作此聲。五名嘔喉。喉內振氣作聲。此三從聲相受名。六名欝波羅。此是青蓮華。肉色細拆似此華。七名波頭摩。此是赤蓮華。肉色大拆似此華開。八名分陀利。此是白蓮華。由彼骨拆似此華開。此三從瘡相受名。此八獄在鐵圍山底。仰向居止受寒凍苦。三邊地獄者有三。山間水間曠野。受別業報。此應寒熱雜受（三法度經鍑方宥切大釜）。

There are three kinds of hells: first, hot; second, cold; third, peripheral. The hot hells are eight: First is called Sañjīva (Reviving). Iron claws grow on the hands of the sinners, and they claw each other until their flesh falls off. Or the hell wardens call out 'Live!', or a cold wind blows to revive them. Although the two conditions differ, they revive equally. Having endured this suffering, the person proceeds to the Hell of Black Sand and up to the Hell of Boiling Excrement, and sequentially to the Hell of Cold Ice, after which their life ends. One falls into this hell due to having committed unwholesome karma of body, speech, and mind. Each great hell has sixteen small hells surrounding it (namely the sixteen additional excursions in the *Vibhāṣā Śāstra*). Second is called Kālasūtra (Black Rope). Iron cords are heated to measure and mark their limbs, after which they are hacked and sawn. Having endured suffering for a long time, they proceed to the Hell of Black Sand and up to the Hell of Cold Ice, after which their life ends. The suffering endured is heavier by comparison with the former. One falls into this hell due to ill intent toward parents and śrāvakas. Third is called Saṃghāta (Crushing). Numerous implements of suffering, blazing fiercely hot, converge to torment them (the remaining sense follows the former). One falls into this hell due to committing the three evil karmas. Fourth is called Raurava (Crying). The hell wardens seize the sinners and cast them into iron caldrons, where they boil and wail. One falls into this hell due to cherishing anger and malice. Fifth is called Mahāraurava (Great Crying). Placed in iron caldrons, they wail and shriek loudly. One falls into this hell due to practicing wrong views and evil deeds. Sixth is called Tapana (Heating). Placed in an iron city, they are scorched and rotten with blazing fire. One falls into this hell due to burning and roasting sentient beings. [Seventh is called Pratāpana (Great Heating).] Eighth is called Avīci (Uninterrupted; Sanskrit *Abhī* or *Avī*). The hell wardens seize the sinners, strip their skins, wrap their bodies, and place them upon fiery carts. Ten thousand afflictions arrive simultaneously, and there is no moment without suffering. One falls into this hell due to extremely heavy sins (the ten unwholesome deeds and five heinous transgressions. The above draws from the text of the *Dīrghāgama*). These eight hells are situated beneath Jambudvīpa, stacked one upon another, where denizens endure burning torment. The first two have overseers; the next three have few overseers; the last three have no overseers. Second, the cold hells are eight: First is called Arbuda (Blister). Pressed by the bitter cold, tiny blisters form on the flesh. Second is called Nirarbuda (Bursting Blister). Blown by freezing wind, the entire body blisters. These two receive their names from bodily signs. Third is called Aṭaṭa. Unable to move the lips, the tongue makes this sound. Fourth is called Hahava. Unable to move the tongue, the lips make this sound. Fifth is called Huhuva. The breath trembles within the throat to make this sound. These three receive their names from sounds. Sixth is called Utpala (Blue Lotus). The flesh cracks into fine fissures like this flower. Seventh is called Padma (Red Lotus). The flesh cracks into large fissures like this flower opening. Eighth is called Puṇḍarīka (White Lotus). Their bones split open like this flower blooming. These three receive their names from the appearance of the sores. These eight hells are at the base of Mount Cakravāḍa, where denizens dwell facing upward, suffering freezing cold. Third, the peripheral hells are three: among mountains, amid waters, and in wildernesses, where they endure separate karmic retribution. These should be a mixture of cold and heat (*Tridharmaka Śāstra*; the character *fu* [caldon] has the fanqie pronunciation *fang-you*, meaning a large cauldron).