法苑珠林 33.50

33.50

又放牛經出增一阿含別品同譯。佛告諸比丘。有十一法。放牛兒不知放牛便宜不曉養牛。何等為十一。一者放牛兒不知色。二者不知相。三者不知摩刷。四者不知護瘡。五者不知作煙。六者不知擇道行。七者不知處牛。八者不知何道渡水。九者不知逐好水草。十者不知𤛓牛不遺殘。十一者不知分別養可用不可用。如是十一事放牛兒不曉養護其牛者。牛終不孳息日日有減。此喻比丘。亦有十一種損益不可具述。佛於是頌曰。

Furthermore, the Sūtra on the Cowherd (appearing in a separate chapter of the Ekottarika-āgama, of identical translation) says: The Buddha told the monks, "There are eleven dharmas whereby a cowherd, not knowing what is suitable for herding cows, is unskilled at raising cattle. What are the eleven? First, the cowherd does not know their colors; second, he does not know their marks; third, he does not know how to curry them; fourth, he does not know how to tend their sores; fifth, he does not know how to make smoke; sixth, he does not know how to choose a path to travel; seventh, he does not know where to pasture the cows; eighth, he does not know by which path to cross the water; ninth, he does not know how to seek good water and pasture; tenth, he does not know how to milk the cows without leaving any remaining; eleventh, he does not know how to discern which cows can be kept and which cannot. If a cowherd is unskilled in caring for his cattle in these eleven matters, the cattle will never multiply and will diminish day by day. By this analogy, monks likewise have eleven kinds of harm and benefit that cannot be fully described." The Buddha thereupon spoke in verse: