釋氏要覽 1.233

1.233

攝大乘論云。始終承奉不相離異名事○四分律云。弟子看和尚當具四心。一親愛。二敬順。三畏難。四尊重侍養承接。如臣子之事君父。如是展轉相敬重瞻視能令正法久住。增益廣大○尸迦越經云。弟子事師有五事。一當敬難之。二當知其恩。三所教隨之。四思念不厭。五當從後稱譽○長阿含經云。夫為弟子當以五事敬事師長。一給侍所須。二禮敬供養。三尊重戴仰。四師教誨敬順無違。五從師聞法善持不忘○毘奈耶第三十五卷。佛為高勝比丘說事師法。略云。凡為弟子於師主處常懷恭敬。有畏懼心。不為名聞不求利養。當須早起親問師之四大安隱。起居輕利除小便器。每於半月觀曬床蓆若不依師得越法罪（好廣知者自檢讀之）○毘奈耶云。弟子門人纔見師時即須起立若見親教即捨依止（言見親教捨依止者謂弟子在一處侍稟學師次忽受業師來即捨稟受來侍立受業師左右也）。

The Mahāyānasaṃgraha states: 'Serving and revering from beginning to end without departure or estrangement is called attending.' / The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya states: 'A disciple tending an upādhyāya should possess four minds: first, affection; second, respectful obedience; third, awe; fourth, veneration, waiting upon, and serving him as a minister or child serves their sovereign or father. Revering, respecting, and caring for one another in turn like this can cause the true Dharma to abide long and increase ever wider.' / The Śṛgālovāda-sūtra states: 'There are five matters in a disciple's service to a master: first, one should respect and hold him in awe; second, one should recognise his kindness; third, one should comply with what he instructs; fourth, one should think of him without growing weary; fifth, one should praise him in his absence.' / The Dīrghāgama states: 'A disciple should revere and serve his masters and elders through five matters: first, supplying and serving what is needed; second, paying homage and making offerings; third, honouring and looking up to him; fourth, reverently obeying the master's teachings without transgressing; fifth, hearing the Dharma from the master, retaining it well, and not forgetting it.' / The thirty-fifth fascicle of the Vinaya, where the Buddha explains the method of serving a master for the bhikṣu Gao Sheng, summarises: 'Generally, as a disciple, one should always harbour reverence toward one's master, possessing a sense of awe, neither seeking fame nor pursuing gain. One must rise early to personally inquire after the master's four elements being in comfort, his daily movements light and nimble, and empty the chamber pot. Every half-month, one should inspect and air out the bedding and mats. If one does not rely upon the master, one incurs an offence of transgressing the Dharma (those who wish to know more may check and read it themselves).' / The Vinaya states: 'As soon as a disciple or follower sees his master, he must stand up. If he sees his preceptor (upādhyāya), he immediately renounces his dependence [on an ācārya]' (saying that seeing the preceptor means renouncing the dependence refers to a disciple waiting upon and studying under an instructor (ācārya) when his ordaining preceptor suddenly arrives, whereupon he immediately leaves his study to wait upon and stand by his ordaining preceptor's side).