釋氏要覽 1.233

1.233

The Mahāyānasaṃgraha states: 'Serving and revering from beginning to end without departure or estrangement is called attending.' / The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya states: 'A disciple tending an upādhyāya should possess four minds: first, affection; second, respectful obedience; third, awe; fourth, veneration, waiting upon, and serving him as a minister or child serves their sovereign or father. Revering, respecting, and caring for one another in turn like this can cause the true Dharma to abide long and increase ever wider.' / The Śṛgālovāda-sūtra states: 'There are five matters in a disciple's service to a master: first, one should respect and hold him in awe; second, one should recognise his kindness; third, one should comply with what he instructs; fourth, one should think of him without growing weary; fifth, one should praise him in his absence.' / The Dīrghāgama states: 'A disciple should revere and serve his masters and elders through five matters: first, supplying and serving what is needed; second, paying homage and making offerings; third, honouring and looking up to him; fourth, reverently obeying the master's teachings without transgressing; fifth, hearing the Dharma from the master, retaining it well, and not forgetting it.' / The thirty-fifth fascicle of the Vinaya, where the Buddha explains the method of serving a master for the bhikṣu Gao Sheng, summarises: 'Generally, as a disciple, one should always harbour reverence toward one's master, possessing a sense of awe, neither seeking fame nor pursuing gain. One must rise early to personally inquire after the master's four elements being in comfort, his daily movements light and nimble, and empty the chamber pot. Every half-month, one should inspect and air out the bedding and mats. If one does not rely upon the master, one incurs an offence of transgressing the Dharma (those who wish to know more may check and read it themselves).' / The Vinaya states: 'As soon as a disciple or follower sees his master, he must stand up. If he sees his preceptor (upādhyāya), he immediately renounces his dependence [on an ācārya]' (saying that seeing the preceptor means renouncing the dependence refers to a disciple waiting upon and studying under an instructor (ācārya) when his ordaining preceptor suddenly arrives, whereupon he immediately leaves his study to wait upon and stand by his ordaining preceptor's side).