一切經音義 11.120

11.120

慘厲（上七感反。集訓云惱恨也。韻英云憂慼。又音初錦反。考聲云慘甚也。說文毒也從心參聲也參字從厽音累從㐱之忍反。今俗作參變體也。或從言作[言*(絫-糸+尒)]以言陰相譏也。下力滯反。韻英云毛詩傳曰厲惡也。鄭玄注禮記云厲嚴也。考聲云氣不和也。杜預注左傳云厲猛也。從厂音罕從萬。經文中從力作勵非也。勵勉也勸也。非經義。或從疒女厄反作癘癘疾也。殊非經意）。

慘厲 (the upper character is 七 + 感 fanqie. The Jixun says: 'Resentment and hate.' The Yunying says: 'Sorrow and grief.' Another pronunciation is 初 + 錦 fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '慘 means severe.' The Shuowen says: 'Cruel.' It takes 心 as semantic and 參 as phonetic. The character 參 takes 厽 (pronounced 累) and 㐱 (之 + 忍 fanqie). Its current popular form as 參 is a mutated variant. Or it may take 言 as [言*(絫-糸+尒)], meaning to covertly mock another with words. The lower character is 力 + 滯 fanqie. The Yunying says: 'The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: 厲 means vicious.' Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Liji says: '厲 means severe.' The Kaosheng says: 'An unharmonious temperament.' Du Yu's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: '厲 means fierce.' It takes 厂 (pronounced 罕) and 萬. In the scripture text it is written with 力 as 勵, which is incorrect. 勵 means to strive or encourage, which is not the meaning of the scripture. Or with 疒 (女 + 厄 fanqie) as 癘, which means a virulent disease, far from the scripture's intention).