一切經音義 5.250

5.250

傍生（蒲忙反案傍生者上從龍獸禽畜下及水陸䖵音昆蟲逐融反業淪惡趣非人天之正道皆曰傍生是也）。

傍生 (fanqie: 蒲忙反 [páng]). According to analysis, "animals" (傍生, tiryagyoni) refers to those spanning above from dragons, beasts, birds, and livestock, down to terrestrial and aquatic insects (䖵, pronounced 昆 [kūn]) and worms (蟲, fanqie: 逐融反 [chóng]), which are sunken into evil rebirth destinies through karmic actions and diverge from the straight path of humans and gods; all of these are called 傍生 [literally 'sideways-born']).