翻譯名義集 2.217

2.217

【僧（斯㬝）娑】或亘娑，唐云雁。《禮記》云：「季秋之月，鴻雁來賓。」《詩》傳云：「大曰鴻，小曰雁。」〈成公賦〉曰：「上揮翮於丹霞，下濯足於清泉。」《西域記》云：「昔此伽藍，習翫小乘漸教，故開三淨之食。而此伽藍遵而不墜。其後三淨，求不時獲。有苾芻經行，忽見群雁飛翔，戲曰：『今日眾僧食不充，摩訶薩埵宜知是時。』言聲未絕，一雁退飛，當其僧前，投身自殪（於計）。苾芻見已，具白眾僧。聞者悲感，咸相謂曰：『如來設法，導誘隨機，我等守愚，遵行漸教。大乘者，正理也。宜改先執，務從聖旨。此雁垂誡，為誠明導，宜旌厚德，建窣覩波，以瘞雁焉。』」或名鳧雁者，《爾雅》云：「鳧，雁醜，其足蹼（音卜）。」注云：「脚指間有幕，蹼屬相著。」《古今注》云：「鳧雁常在海邊沙上，餐沙石，此非隨陽雁也。」李巡曰：「野曰鳧，家曰鶩（音木）。」

[Haṃsa] Alternatively haṃsa; in the Tang language it is wild goose. The Liji says: 'In the last month of autumn, the wild geese come as guests.' The Shi commentary says: 'The large is called hong, the small is called yan.' The "Chenggong Fu" says: 'Above, it flutters its wings in the vermilion rosy clouds; below, it cleanses its feet in the clear springs.' The Xiyu ji says: 'Formerly in this saṅghārāma, they practiced and studied the gradual teaching of the Hīnayāna, and thus permitted the eating of the three kinds of pure meat. This saṅghārāma observed this without lapse. Later, the three kinds of pure meat could not be obtained in time. There was a bhikṣu walking in meditation who suddenly saw a flock of wild geese flying, and jokingly said: "Today the saṅgha's food is insufficient; the Mahāsattva ought to know that now is the time." Before his words had ended, one wild goose flew backward, threw itself down before the monk, and killed itself. Having seen this, the bhikṣu reported it fully to the saṅgha. Those who heard it were moved with sorrow and said to one another: "The Tathāgata established teachings, guiding and leading according to capacities. We cling to folly, observing the gradual teaching. The Mahāyāna is the correct principle. We should change our former attachments and endeavor to follow the holy intent. This wild goose has bequeathed an admonition, serving as a sincere and bright guide. We should honor its great virtue and erect a stūpa to inter the wild goose." Regarding the name fuyan (wild duck and goose), the Erya says: "The fu belongs to the goose kind, and its feet are webbed (pu)." The commentary says: "There is a membrane between the toes, webbed and connecting to one another." The Gujin zhu says: "The fuyan constantly stays upon the sands by the seashore, feeding on sand and gravel; this is not the wild goose that follows the sun." Li Xun says: "The wild is called fu; the domestic is called mu."'