翻譯名義集 2.218

2.218

【迦頻闍羅】此云雉。《爾雅》云：「雉絕有力奮，最健鬪。類分六種，四方名異。」晉武庫閉甚密，中忽聞雉雊，張華曰：「必是蛇化。」開視側有蛇蛻焉。《大論》云：「有時閻浮提人，不知禮敬宿舊有德。是時菩薩作迦頻闍羅鳥，有二親友，象與獼猴，共居畢鉢羅樹下，自相問言：『我等不知誰應為大？』象言：『我昔見樹在我腹下。』獼猴言：『我曾蹲地手捉樹頭。』鳥言：『我於畢鉢羅林，食此樹果，子隨糞出，此樹得生。先生宿德，禮應供養。』即時大象背負獼猴，鳥在猴上，周遍游行。禽獸人類，見皆行敬。斯乃聖人知道德仁義，非禮不成。故敬事長，為天下之至順也。」

[Kapiñjala] This is translated as partridge. The Erya says: 'The partridge is exceedingly powerful and vigorous, and fights most fiercely. Its kind is divided into six species, with different names in the four directions.' The armory of the Jin dynasty was very tightly shut, yet from inside the calling of a partridge was suddenly heard; Zhang Hua said: 'It must be transformed from a snake.' Opening it to inspect, beside it there was indeed a sloughed snakeskin. The Da zhidu lun says: 'At one time the people of Jambudvīpa did not know how to venerate their elders and the virtuous. At that time, the Bodhisattva became a kapiñjala bird and had two close friends, an elephant and a monkey, living together beneath a pippala tree. They asked among themselves: "We do not know which of us should be considered the elder?" The elephant said: "In the past I saw this tree when it was beneath my belly." The monkey said: "I once squatted on the ground and grasped the treetop with my hand." The bird said: "I ate the fruit of this tree in a pippala grove, and its seed came out with my dung, from which this tree was able to grow. He who was born first has elder virtue, and by propriety should be revered." Instantly the great elephant carried the monkey on its back, the bird sat upon the monkey, and they roamed all around. Beasts and humans, seeing them, all practiced reverence. Thus the sages knew that virtue, benevolence, and righteousness cannot be accomplished without propriety. Therefore, reverently serving the elder is the supreme compliance of all under heaven.'