翻譯名義集 2.234

2.234

The Fuxing says: "'Hell' (diyu) is a name established from its meaning, referring to a prison beneath the earth (dixia zhi yu), which is called 'earth prison' (diyu)." Thus the Mahāvibhāṣā says: "Beneath Jambudvīpa, beyond five hundred yojanas, there are its prisons." However, these hells have large and small ones. As the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says: "Regarding the eight great hells: first, Sañjīva; second, Kālasūtra; third, Saṃghāta; fourth, Raurava; fifth, Mahāraurava; sixth, Tapana; seventh, Pratāpana; eighth, Avīci Hell. Such are the various eight great hells, which further have sixteen minor hells as their retinue: eight cold and icy, and eight fiery. The eight fiery hells are: first, Charcoal Pit; second, Boiling Excrement; third, Burning Forest; fourth, Forest of Swords; fifth, Path of Blades; sixth, Forest of Iron Thorns; seventh, Salty River; eighth, Copper Stakes. The eight cold icy hells are: first, Arbuda, with a few holes; second, Nirarbuda, with no holes; third, Hahava, the sound of shivering from cold; fourth, Ahaha, also the sound of suffering from cold; fifth, Atata, also the sound of suffering from cold; sixth, Utpala, where the ice of this hell forces one into the color of a blue lotus; seventh, Padma, the color of a red lotus, wherein sinners suffer; eighth, Mahāpadma, wherein they suffer; according to the karma they have created, each has lightness and heaviness, and in its most severe places, those who commit the superior grade of the five heinous sins and the ten unwholesome deeds receive bodies in this destiny."