翻譯名義集 2.57

2.57

[Māra] The Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa states: "In the language of Qin, it means 'able to take life.' The death-māra truly takes life, while the others serve as causes and conditions for taking life, and are also able to take the life of wisdom; therefore it is called 'killer.' It is also translated as 'obstacle,' because it can create obstacles to cultivating the Way. Or it is called 'evil one,' due to having much sensual desire." Chuiyu said: "It can kill and harm world-transcending wholesome roots. Above the sixth heaven, there is separately a heaven where Māra dwells, subsumed under the Heaven of Freely Enjoying Others' Emanations." The Fuxing states: "In ancient translations of sūtras and treatises, the character mo (魔) had the radical shi (石, stone). Since Emperor Wu of the Liang, considering that māras can vex people, it was deemed fitting for the character to have the radical gui (鬼, ghost)."