翻譯名義集 4.58

4.58

[Kṣānti] Here this is called 'peaceful endurance'. The *Fajie cidi* states: 'In the language of Qin, it means enduring humiliation. When the internal mind can peacefully endure external humiliating circumstances, it is called enduring humiliation. There are two kinds of enduring humiliation: first, endurance toward sentient beings; second, endurance toward dharmas. What is endurance toward sentient beings? Endurance toward sentient beings has two kinds: first, in the midst of reverence and offerings, being able to endure without attachment, so that arrogance and negligence do not arise; second, in the midst of anger, scolding, beating, and harming, being able to endure, so that anger, resentment, and distress do not arise; this is endurance toward sentient beings. What is endurance toward dharmas? Endurance toward dharmas has two kinds: first, non-mental dharmas, namely cold and heat, wind and rain, hunger and thirst, old age, sickness, death, and so forth; second, mental dharmas, namely anger, sorrow, doubt, lust, desire, arrogance, and various wrong views, and so forth. That a bodhisattva can remain enduring and unmoving in the face of these two dharmas is called endurance toward dharmas.'