翻譯名義集 7.80

7.80

【Tarpana】 Translated here as parched flour (chao). Tonghui's Zhigui states: "It means taking mixed grains, parching and crushing them, and steaming and drying them in the sun. The Mūla-[sarvāstivāda] Śāstra speaks of two kinds: loose parched flour, and parched flour held together with sugar and honey." Some say that dried cooked rice (bi, pronounced bei) differs from parched flour. Houtang states: "Bi is boiled in a pot; it is hard dried rice adhering to the pot." The Fupian states: "Taking dried cooked rice and parched flour, grinding and sifting it three times to make it, is called bi." Mencius says: "Shun ate parched grain (qiu) and vegetables. Qiu (departing tone, qi-jiu fan) means dried rice crumbs."