開元釋教錄 12.9

12.9

Bodhisattvabhūmidhāra-sūtra, ten fascicles (also called the Bhūmidhāra-śāstra; or eight fascicles; one case).
Translated in Guzang by Dharmakṣema, Tripiṭaka master of Tianzhu, under the Northern Liang.
(The above sūtra has verses of homage at the beginning; it comes from the "Bodhisattva Bhūmi" within the "Fundamental Stages" portion of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra. Formerly, Śramaṇa Fashang, the Controller of the Zhaoxuan Office under the Northern Qi, answered an inquiry from Goguryeo, saying: "The Bhūmidhāra was received by the bhikṣu Asaṅga from Maitreya." Asaṅga was none other than the Bodhisattva Asaṅga. Furthermore, examining the "Record of the Bhūmidhāra" by Śramaṇa Sengyou of the Liang, it states: "The Bodhisattvabhūmidhāra-sūtra in eight fascicles has twenty-seven chapters, divided into three sections: the first section has eighteen chapters, the second section four chapters, and the third section five chapters. Within the text no alternative titles are presented." Yet the present text is sometimes entitled Bodhisattvaśīla-sūtra, or entitled Bodhisattvabhūmi-sūtra. Now, examining the end of the sūtra, it also has multiple titles; the text says: named Bodhisattvabhūmi; named Bodhisattvapiṭaka-mātṛkā; named Mahāyānasaṃgraha; named Indestructible Manifestation; named Root of Unhindered Pure Knowledge. Sengyou's remark that it presents no alternative titles is incorrect. Furthermore, upon examining the various catalogues, the separate recording of a Bodhisattvaśīla-sūtra or a Bodhisattvabhūmi-sūtra translated by Dharmakṣema is erroneous.)

Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra, nine fascicles (one [source] says Bodhisattvabhūmi; or ten fascicles).
Translated by Guṇavarman and others, Tripiṭaka master of Jibin, under the Song.
(The above sūtra is said by all the various catalogues to be a different translation of the same text as the Bhūmidhāra-sūtra. Now, examining its phrasing and sense, they are indeed not without discrepancies. In the Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra, there is an introductory chapter at the beginning and an epilogue of devotion at the end, neither of which is found in the Bhūmidhāra-sūtra. In the "Śīla Chapter" of the Bhūmidhāra, there is a ritual text for receiving the bodhisattva precepts and a Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa, which are absent from the Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra. Apart from these, their phrasing and meaning are largely identical. The Bhūmidhāra additionally derives from the Yogācārabhūmi[-śāstra], and all the catalogues have already compiled it among the śāstras; since there are discrepancies, I do not yet venture to make a definitive judgment. Furthermore, examining the "Record of the Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra" by Śramaṇa Sengyou of the Liang, it states that this is named Good Precepts, named Bodhisattvabhūmi, named Bodhisattva-vinaya-mātṛkā-śīla, named Tathāgatagarbha, named Root of All Wholesome Dharmas, named Land of Peace and Bliss, and named Collection of All Pāramitās—seven titles in all. Fascicle 1 first presents Upāli's inquiry on the ritual for receiving the precepts; fascicle 2 only then begins with "Thus have I heard." The sequential division into chapters comes to thirty, and there is yet another version entitled Bodhisattvabhūmi-sūtra. Now, examining the text of the sūtra, it differs from Sengyou's record: the beginning of the sūtra immediately opens with "Thus have I heard," without Upāli's inquiry on the ritual for receiving the precepts, and it has only nine fascicles. That inquiry by Upāli on the ritual for receiving the precepts is the later single-fascicle Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra. If one takes this as the first fascicle, it tallies with Sengyou's record. However, this bhūmi text has already been separated from it for a long time; suddenly combining them into ten fascicles might cause doubts. This Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra, like the Bhūmidhāra, is also divided into three sections: the first section is named "Bodhisattvabhūmi," having thirty chapters; the second section is named "Abiding According to the Dharma," having four chapters; the third section is named "Ultimate Bhūmi," having six chapters. Sengyou's statement regarding the sequential listing of chapters may perhaps have arisen from not examining it carefully.)

Sūtra on Purifying Karmic Hindrances, one fascicle (anonymous translation; now appended to the Qin catalogue; sole translation).
The above two sūtras, in ten fascicles, form a single case. (As for the Sūtra on Purifying Karmic Hindrances, Fashang's catalogue states that it was translated by Dharmarakṣa; upon scrutinizing its phrasing, its style differs entirely from the texts translated by the venerable Dharmarakṣa, hence it is treated as an anonymous translation.)

Upāsakaśīla-sūtra, seven fascicles (these are the precepts for lay bodhisattvas; or five, six, or ten fascicles).
Sole translation; translated in Guzang by Dharmakṣema, Tripiṭaka master of Tianzhu, under the Northern Liang.

Brahmajāla-sūtra, two fascicles.
Translated by Kumārajīva, Tripiṭaka master of the Yao Qin (second translation; the earlier translation is lost).

Sūtra on Receiving the Ten Wholesome Precepts, one fascicle.
Anonymous translation after the Han (gleaned and entered; sole translation).
The above three sūtras, in ten fascicles, form a single case.

Sūtra on the Bodhisattva's Primary Karmic Activities of the Diadem, two fascicles (sometimes without the word "Bodhisattva"; newly compiled as vinaya).
Translated by Śramaṇa Zhu Fonian of Liangzhou under the Yao Qin (first translation; three translations, two lost).

Buddhapiṭaka-sūtra, four fascicles (also called the Sūtra on Discerning Dharmas; or two or three fascicles).
Sole translation; translated by Kumārajīva, Tripiṭaka master of the Yao Qin.

Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa, one fascicle (extracted from the "Śīla Chapter" of the Bhūmidhāra; spoken by the Bodhisattva Maitreya).
Translated in Guzang by Dharmakṣema, Tripiṭaka master of the Northern Liang (gleaned and entered; second translation).

Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa, one fascicle (extracted from the "Bodhisattva Bhūmi" in the "Fundamental Stages" portion of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra; spoken by the Bodhisattva Maitreya).
Translated by Xuanzang, Tripiṭaka master of the Great Tang (recorded in the Neidian Lu; third translation).
The above two texts are different translations of the same text (three translations in all, one translation lost).

Bodhisattvaśīla-karman, one fascicle (extracted from the "Bodhisattva Bhūmi" in the "Fundamental Stages" portion of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra; spoken by the Bodhisattva Maitreya).
Sole translation; translated by Xuanzang, Tripiṭaka master of the Great Tang (recorded in the Neidian Lu).

Bodhisattvacāritra-sūtra, one fascicle (Upāli's inquiry on the bodhisattva ritual for receiving the precepts).
Sole translation; translated by Guṇavarman, Tripiṭaka master of Jibin, under the Song (recorded in Baochang's catalogue).
The above six texts, in ten fascicles, form a single case.

Sūtra on the Bodhisattva's Inner Precepts, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by Guṇavarman, Tripiṭaka master of Jibin, under the Song (recorded in Fashang's catalogue).

Sūtra on the Demeanour of the Five Precepts for Upāsakas, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by Guṇavarman, Tripiṭaka master of Jibin, under the Song (recorded in Baochang's catalogue).
(Regarding the above Sūtra on the Demeanour of the Five Precepts for Upāsakas, its compilation among the Hīnayāna vinaya in various catalogues was an error; its beginning is a bodhisattva prātimokṣa, and its latter part contains the ritual for receiving bodhisattva precepts as well as the rules for relinquishment, repentance, and so forth; since it is not of the Hīnayāna school, it has now been transferred and compiled here.)

Mañjuśrī's Sūtra on Pure Discipline, one fascicle (or simply called Sūtra on Pure Discipline).
Translated by Dharmarakṣa, Tripiṭaka master of the Western Jin (first translation).

Vimalavinaya-vaipulya-sūtra, one fascicle.
Translated by Kumārajīva, Tripiṭaka master of the Yao Qin (recorded in Fashang's catalogue; third translation).

Sūtra of the Inquiries of Santa-svara-nirghoṣa, one fascicle (also called the Pure Vinaya Sūtra Spoken by the Tathāgata).
Translated by Śramaṇa Shi Fahai of the Song (fourth translation).
The above three texts are different translations of the same text (four translations in all, one translation lost).

Mahāyāna Three-Cluster Repentance Sūtra, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by Jñānagupta and others, Tripiṭaka master of Tianzhu, under the Sui (recorded in the Neidian Lu).

Ritual Text for the Bodhisattva Five-Dharma Repentance, one fascicle (or called Bodhisattva Five-Dharma Repentance Sūtra).
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Liang catalogue; sole translation).

Bodhisattvapiṭaka-sūtra, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by Saṅghapāla, Tripiṭaka master of Funan, under the Liang.

Samantabhadra Bodhisattva Sūtra, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by the pure-faith layman Nie Daozhen under the Western Jin.

Sūtra on the Bodhisattva's Reception of the Poṣadha, one fascicle.
Translated by the pure-faith layman Nie Daozhen under the Western Jin (second translation; three translations, two lost).

Mañjuśrī's Confession Sūtra, one fascicle (also called Mañjuśrī's Five-Limbed Confession Sūtra).
Translated by Dharmarakṣa, Tripiṭaka master of the Western Jin (first translation; two translations, one lost).

Śāriputra's Confession Sūtra, one fascicle (also simply called Confession Sūtra).
Translated by An Shigao, Tripiṭaka master of Parthia, under the Later Han (first translation; three translations, two lost).

Vinaya-samādhi-sūtra, one fascicle (also simply called Vinaya-sūtra).
Translated by the Yuezhi upāsaka Zhi Qian under the Wu (second translation; two translations, one lost).

Daśakuśalakarmapatha-sūtra, one fascicle.
Sole translation; translated by Śikṣānanda, Tripiṭaka master of Khotan, during the reign of the Heavenly Empress of the Great Tang (newly compiled into the catalogue).
The above fourteen sūtras, in fourteen fascicles, form a single case. (I respectfully note: in the older catalogues, the Bao Liang Jing and the Kāśyapa-sūtra were placed within the Mahāyāna vinaya; they are now compiled into the Ratnakūṭa collection, hence they are not presented again here. The Mahāvaipulya-trisaṃvara-sūtra is the same text as the "Three Disciplines Assembly" of the Ratnakūṭa, and the Viniścaya-vinaya-sūtra is the same text as the "Upāli Assembly" of the Ratnakūṭa; they are now all compiled into the Ratnakūṭa section, and therefore are not recorded here.)