律戒本疏 1.130

1.130

七十七僧斷事時默然起去墮　跋難貪積多過。眾欲治罪。五人出行。一相助人在後。集眾唱時。助人潛去。眾竟不知。遂成羯摩。羯摩之後助人言非。因是結戒。一切羯摩說自恣。不得默去。默去者犯墮。若大小行。急事囑人。又不離聞受悉無犯。斷事助惡遮善悉犯突。凡眾會法集皆不得默去。去亦犯罪。

77. Getting up and leaving silently when the Saṃgha is settling a matter is a pāyattika. Upananda was greedy and had many faults. The assembly wished to deal with his offense. Five persons went out, and one assisting person stayed behind. When the assembly gathered and the announcement was made, the assisting person secretly left. The assembly did not know at all, and so the karmavācanā was concluded. After the karmavācanā, the assisting person said it was invalid. On this account, the precept was formulated. In all karmavācanās and recitations of pravāraṇā, one must not leave silently; one who leaves silently incurs an offense of pāyattika. If it is for defecation or urination, or if in urgent matters one entrusts another, and does not separate from hearing and receiving, in all cases there is no offense. In settling matters, assisting evil and obstructing good all incur a duṣkṛta. In all gatherings of the assembly and assemblies for Dharma, one must not leave silently; leaving also constitutes an offense.