大乘百法明門論開宗義決 1.9

1.9

Regarding "Ignorance, doubt, inverted views, perverse attachment, etc.": Ignorance refers to the ordinary fools of the world, who have no understanding whatsoever of heterodox or orthodox teachings. Doubt refers to those who wish to enter the Dharma, who harbor hesitation regarding heterodox and orthodox teachings. Inverted views refers to those who have mistakenly entered heterodox teachings and slander the Buddha's Dharma, such as various non-Buddhists. Perverse attachment refers to those within the Buddha's Dharma, such as the various Hīnayāna schools and those who overvalue emptiness.