佛說佛名經 1.46

1.46

"The reason we disciples perform kṣamā today is precisely because, having been in the stage of ordinary mortals since anādikāla, whether noble or lowly, our sins are naturally immeasurable. Sins have arisen either due to the three modes of karma, or faults have originated through the six sense faculties; or through improper thinking in one's own mind, or by generating attachment relying on external objects. In this way, they have developed into the ten unwholesome actions and even the eighty-four thousand gates of defilement. Yet although the aspects of sin are immeasurable, broadly speaking they do not exceed three. What are the three? The first is the hindrance of kleśa; the second is the karmāvaraṇa; the third is the hindrance of retribution. These three kinds of phenomena can obstruct the noble path as well as the supreme and wondrous benefits of devas and humans. Therefore, in the sūtras they are designated as the 'three hindrances'. Hence, the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas teach skillful means of kṣamā; if one eliminates these three hindrances, then the six sense faculties, the ten unwholesome actions, and even the eighty-four thousand gates of defilement will all become completely purified.