Storia do Mogor 206: NAMES OF ELEPHANTS
Storia do Mogor (Irvine) 206
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NAMES OF ELEPHANTS
206.1
Nim Ta Dil Cocha Baba Bach Nee Bach Mac Na Come Ria Belia Sarila Latif Nar Sing Quo Dero Fate Mabarecq Dil Dalel Chainaet Inae Bach Ala Bach Fate nasaret Daem Chacu Dilasa Charot Fate Jang Fate Lascar Rar Git Dul Singar Lascar Soba Dusman Cut Cala Paar Gas onor Quecha vorcucha Zell Zella Cuny Cof Nay Mahan Mohan Ma Mohon Op turn Bagmar Pur zor Maha Ru Setara Quechavar Gurur Sonder Gas Pay Tat Otha Chi Nur Lai Ira Coch Raftar Thes Roeh Manec Surot
Nimt&o Dil-kusha Baba-bakhsh Nek-bakht Maknah Kamari Buland Sarila Latif Nar Singh Khub-rau Fath Mubarak Dil-diler Shah-'inayat 'Inayat-bakhsh Allah-bakhsh Fath-nusrat Da,im-shukoh Dilasa-sairat Fath-jang Fath-lashkar Ran-jit Dal-singar Lashkar-sobha Dushman-kush Kala-pahar Qhussah-war Kashawar-kasha Zalzalah Khuni Khauf-nak Madan-mohan Maha-mohan Uttam Bagh-mar Pflr-i-zor Mah-ru Sitara Kashawar-gharur Sundar-gaj Pae-takht Atashl Nur La'l Hira Khush-raftar Tez-rau Manik-surat
206.2
Expert Heart-opener Father's Gift Handsome Tuskless Short [in back] Tall Polished Exquisite Male Lion Fine Mover Fortune of Victory Heart of Hearts Royal Gift Gift of Grace God-protected Victor Victorious Ever Great Polished Face Victory in War Army Conqueror Overcomer in War Army Ornament Army Beauty Enemy-treader Black Mountain Industrious Faithful Worker Earth-shaker The Slayer Frightener Heart-ravisher Amorous Exquisite Lion-slayer Full of Strength Moon-faced Star The Proud Good Name Foot of the Throne Burning Dawn Ruby Diamond Good Mover Quick Walker Pearl-like Bay La Baghela, Lion's Whelp Daem Nasser Da.im-nasr Always Advancing Jund Cuor Chand-kunwar (?) Good Ball Queleso Can Qila'h-shikan Fortress-destroyer Coeh Secan Koh-shikan Mountain-destroyer Coch Saquel Khush-sakil Supreme Beauty
The greater number of these names are Hindu. Gas (gaj) means an elephant, and although several slaves, of one and the other sex, have similar names, one must not be astonished, for the king gives these names according to his fancy or some aptitude he detects in these animals.
206.3
Usually the king has one hundred very tall elephants which he uses himself, and there are also female elephants, on whom he does not disdain to ride. All the elephants he rides are trained to stand fire of both artillery and musketry, of rockets, and other fireworks. This is done so that when they come across such things they may not be afraid. Others are taught not to be frightened of tigers or of lions, so that they may be used in hunting. To teach them, they take a tiger-skin or lion-skin, and stuff it with straw. Then, just as if it were alive, they move it here and there by a rope. The driver encourages the elephant, and urges him towards the dummy, which with feet and trunk he tears to pieces. The elephants are well looked after ; they are given spirits to drink to increase their courage in a fight. It is the rule that there shall always be one elephant on sentry duty day and night on the river bank, stationed within a little gateway just underneath the royal seat.
206.4
Among these animals is one stronger and taller than the rest which bears the title of ' General of the Elephants.' When he appears at court he is very richly caparisoned, and attended by a number of other elephants, by flutes, trumpets, cymbals, and flags, all of which makes a grand show. The chief elephants have every day for their ration each one hundred and sixty-five pounds of food-stuff — namely, flour, rice, meat, butter, fine spices, and thirty pounds of sugar-cane. This is in addition to straw, grass, and leaves, for which they have twenty-five rupees a day. To wait on each elephant there are ten servants — that is, two drivers to ride on and direct him ; two to fix on his chains ; two men with spears ; two for the fireworks and to assist the others, if necessary ; one to remove the dung, and another to give him water for drinking and cooling himself. All these men are paid out of the twenty-five rupees a day allotted to the elephant, and these attendants have each four rupees a month, besides what they can steal from the elephant's food.
206.5
In addition to the above elephants there are fourteen hundred others that are employed to carry the queens, princesses, and the prince's concubines, the tents, the baggage, and the kitchen utensils. The strongest of all, who have no tusks, draw the heavy artillery over difficult ground and perform such-like duties. The lowest among them has three rupees a day and three servants. All the elephants move with bells attached to their body, serving to warn the passers-by and give them time to move and get out of the way ; for when an elephant runs, or merely walks, he does not stop like a horse would.
When the king makes them (the elephants) fight, the wives of the drivers remove their ornaments, smash their bracelets, and put on mourning, just as if they were widows. If their husbands come back alive they give a great feast, just as if newly married ; for in these encounters and combats the drivers put their lives in great jeopardy, as I have seen several times. Moreover, though these animals are enormously strong, they do not have long lives, for often they fall suddenly to the ground and die in a short time. For, once they have fallen down, there is no hope of getting them up again ; that is why they remove their tusks and leave them where they are.
206.6
The Mogul has within his empire many great forests and mountainous regions where it would be easy to let loose some of these animals to multiply. But this is not done ; the king observes the rules of his predecessors, who, ages ago, were told by astrologers that the male must not be allowed to approach the female, in case they might have young. That event would menace the empire with misfortune, and be of very bad augury. Hereafter (III. 144) I will speak of the manner in which these beasts produce young, the method of capture, also about the dogs of the country, and other curious matters [21].
The names of the principal cannon at the court are :
Orang var Aurang-bar Strength of the Throne Calle can Kale Khan Great House Bigily Passant Bijll-pasand Rajah-pusher Band Cassab Band-kushao Cruel Killer Dal Dani Daldali Black Cinders Fata Lascar Fath-i-lashkar Army Victor Ati Tel Hathi-thal Elephant Empress Dobtol Maydan Daulat-i-maidan Riches of the Camp Mulve Maydan Malik-i-maidan Destructress of the Camp [Aurangzeb found one exactly the same when he took Bijapur] Jang Aumar Jang-awar Bail for War Sitom Sitam Punisher Delavar Dilawar Lively Chae naet Shah-'inayat Royal Gift Daem Cuchat Da.im-kushad Wide Mouth Tir Cor Tlr-khor Valley-consumer Barge Sican Burj-shikan Bastion-breaker Nacer Aby Nasir-abi Conqueror in Water Chae Doblot Shah Daulat Royal Riches Ser Cuchat Sar-kushadah Wide-headed Nechan Rach Nishan-i-rast Straight-hitter Bee Cata Be-khata.
206.7
Faultless Zafar Mulq Zafar-i-mulk Conqueror of the Earth Cha aramcor Shah-haram-klior Rebel-conqueror Chor Car Shor-kar Noise and War Nam Dar Namdar Famous Ganie avor Ghani-awar His Highness Jang Talem Jang-talib Desirous for War Zal Zelah Zalzalah Terror of the Earth Ser Cor Sher-khor (?) Earth-consumer Johan Taleb Jahan-talib World-desiring Sitab Dam Shitab-dam Quick-firer Turn Darec Tumturaq Prompt-goer Dasnir Dastur Custom Nazer Noma Nazar-numa Clear-sighted Zolom Alam Zalim-i'Alam Tyrant of the World Babal fata Bab-ul-fath Gate-conqueror Tars Tars Fear Cozana Couchad Khazanah-kushad Treasure-opener Duchman Coch Dushman-kush Enemy-slayer Atash parsha Atash-pazhoh Fire-piece Tafan Tufan Whirlwind Rad Ra'd Thunder Fayan Car Fahim-kar (?) Sound or Noise Pur Nar Zolom Coch Amac Abad Dad Bedad Cana Carab Guiran vazan Adam Cor Lascar Cor Chaa burgi Aft tios Alamgir Coch Acol Zor Zabar Mulq Zabar Arrangan Mac Chud Car Anyan Atash Car PQr-i-nar Zalim-kush Ahmaq-abad Dad-bedad Khanah-i-kharab Giran-wazn Adam-khor Lashkar-khor Shah-burji Haft-josh 'Alam-gir Khush-'aql Zor-zabr Mulk-zabr Arghaw&n MaqsQd Kar-anjam Atash -kar Full of Fire Tyrant-slayer Teacher of Fools Unjust Household-ruiner Dear and Heavy Man-eater Army-eater Royal Bastion Seven Metals World-taker Good Judgment Violent World-violent Strength Intention Work-doer Work of Fire
206.8
The above comprises the principal and best artillery the Mogul possesses at his court. When he goes on a campaign he has some of these pieces carried with him, those taking a ball of from twenty to one hundred and twenty pounds. I also noticed that during the time of the war against the King of Bljapur he sent some of those pieces to Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan [22].
The names of the principal generals, with the meanings, are :
Vizir Can J afar Can Zafar Can Azel Can Chaaiste Can Alimarda Can Aset Can Chaf Chequen Can Fadae Can Baramud Can Buala Can Calilula Can Mir Can Sic Mir Asadula Can Wazir Khan Ja'far Khan Zafar Khan Fazil Khan Sha.istah Khan 'AH Mardan Khan Asad Khan Saf Shikan Khan Fida.e Khan Baramad Khan Bu 'Ali Khan Khalilullah Khan Mir Khan Shekh Mir Asadullah Khan The Chief Minister Flourishing Victorious Experienced Perfect Great among Men Lion Field-clearer Sacrifice Vanquisher God's Dawn God's Least One Great Captain Captain of Faithful Lion of God Lutfula Can Lutfullah Khan God's Grace
Maharmat Can Marahmat Khan Given
Bam Near Baman-yar My Friend
Facar Can Fakhr Khan The Great
Mostecar Can Mustaqar Khan Taker of Favour
Cassam Can Qasim Khan The Sharer
Amed Can Hamid Khan The Chosen
Janet 'Inayat Favour
Nacir Can Nasir Khan Victorious
Ranemast Can Ranmast Khan Bold in War
Dalel Can Diler Khan Animated
Bahader Can Bahadur Khan Brave
Adula Can 'Abdullah Khan Slave of God
Asis Can 'Aziz Khan Beloved
Sahadet Can Sa'adat Khan Fortunate
206.9
Alayar Can Allahyar Khan God's Friend
Dinder Can Dindar Khan Firm in Faith
Nezabt Can Najabat Khan Noble
Kaen Can Qa.im Khan Constant
Mahobet Can Mahabat Khan Loved
Nuchur Can Nauruz Khan New Day
Can Cana Khan Khanan Noble of the House
Afiet Can 'Afiyat Khan Profitable
Nee Nam Can Neknam Khan Good Name
Baravar Can Barawar Khan Gainer
Amanet Can Amanat Khan Deputy
Queranda Can Khair-andesh Khan Good Care
Carazat Can Khanahzad Khan Brought up in the House
Molfet Can Multafat Khan Loving
Facordin Can Fakhr-ud-din Khan Praise of Faith
Salle Can Salih Khan Obliging, Useful
Canezam Can Khan A'zam Khan Great of the Age
Camordin Can Qamar-ud-din Khan Moon of Faith
Feat Can Fayyaz Khan (?) Profitable
Jahan nezar Can Jan-nisar Khan Sacrificed
Jahan sopar Can Jan-sipar Khan Life-sacrificer
Suyavar Can Shuja'-war Khan Valour
Chefi Can Shafi' Khan Alert
Bairn Can Bina Khan Pitiable
Semchir Can Shamsher Khan Great Sword
Fosdar Can Faujdar Khan Lord of the Army
Mirza Sultan Mirza Sultan Chief Captain
Mirza Nauzer Can Mirza Nauzar Khan Captain of New Coin
Gaeb Nazer Can Ghaib-nazir Khan Seeing the Future
Danesbad Can Danishmand Khan Philosopher
Maharam Can Mahram Khan Confidante
Salabet Can Salabat Khan Majestic
Quifaet Can Kifayat Khan Acquirer