Bhagavadgita 4.16
Tātparyabodhinī 4.16
- Language
- Sanskrit
4.16.1
nāsai iti| sadityastitāmātraṃ vastu sarvagataṃ sūkṣmamekamekarasaṃ nityaṃ niravayavaṃ nirañjanam vijñānaṃ yadavagamyate sarvavedāntebhyaḥ etadvilakṣaṇamasacchabdādilakṣaṇaṃ jagattasyaitasya bhāvaḥ sattā na vidyate nāsti | sati svarūpeṇa vastuni sattā saṃpadyeta | tadabhāvānnasattābhāvaḥ | asadātmano jagataḥ sattve pramāṇābhāvāt | nanvastveva pratyakṣādipramāṇamiti cettvamatra praṣṭavyaḥ | tatsattve pramāṇaṃ kiṃ pratyakṣamanumānaṃ vā, kimupamānaṃ vā, uta śabdo vā | nādyaḥ| idaṃ rajataṃ prādeśamātraścandra ityādau vyabhicāradarśanāt | tatra pramāṇaprameyayoḥ samyaksaṃsargābhāvāddhyabhicāraḥ | tadanyatra pramāṇameveti cenna | dāruṇi gaja iti mṛdi ghaṭa iti viparītagrahadarśanādvyabhicārānucchitteḥ | na dvitīyaḥ | tvatpakṣe prapañcasya pratyakṣatvāttatrānumānānupayukteḥ | nāpi tṛtīyaḥ | gosadṛśo gavaya itivattatsadṛśaṃ jagaditi sādṛśyāsaṃbhavāt, astyeva sādṛśyaṃ svapna iti cettathātve mithyātve'pi tatsādṛśyāpatteḥ | naiva caturthaḥ | vikalpo nahi vastu, nahyasti dvaitasiddhiḥ asattvādanyasyeti jagato'sattvaśrutiṃ vinā śrutibhyastatsadbhāvāśravaṇāt | nanu 'ātmana ākāśaḥ saṃbhūtaḥ' iti, 'yato vā imāni bhūtāni jāyante' iti ca brahmaṇaḥ sakāśājjagadutpattiḥ śrūyate | brahmakāryatvena jagato'stitve śrutirastyeva pramāṇamiti cettvamatra praṣṭavyaḥ | brahmakāryaṃ yajjagadasti tadbrahmaṇo bhinnaṃ kimabhinnaṃ vā uta bhinnābhinnaṃ vā | bhinnatvapakṣe kāryaṃ sadvā kimasadvā uta sadasadvā | ādye kāryasya kāraṇasattā vā kimu kāryasattā vā | nādyaḥ |
4.16.2
kāryakāraṇayoḥ sattaikatve svataḥ sattābhāvātkāryasyāsattvāpatteḥ | dvitīye kāryasattā sadrūpā vā kimasadrūpeti | ādye sadrūpakāryasattā kāraṇasattāyāḥ bhinnā vā kimabhinnā vā | nādyaḥ | brahmaṇaḥ pūrṇatvena nirantaratvātkāryasya tatsattāvyatiriktasattāsaṃbhavādasattvameva syāt | na dvitīyaḥ | sattayorubhayoḥ sadrūpeṇaikatvāvagamātkāryasya kāraṇabhinnatvāsaṃbhavādasattvāvyāhateḥ | asadrūpeṇa bhinnāyāḥ kāryasattāyāḥ svataḥ svarūpābhāvātkāryasya śūnyatvāpatteḥ | kāryasyāsattvapakṣe jagataḥ śaśaviṣāṇavatsvarūpaśūnyatvādbrahmakāryatvānupapatteḥ | nanvasato'pi jagataḥ pradhvaṃsābhāvavatkāryatvamupapadyata eveticenna | pradhvaṃsābhāvasyāpi kāraṇasaṃbandhāsaṃbhavātkāryatvānupapatteḥ| kartṛkaraṇādikārakasaṃbandhe satiṃ khalu janikriyāyāṃ ghaṭādeḥ kāryatvaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ tathaiva kāraka saṃbandhavattve pradhvaṃsasya bhāvatvāpattāvabhāva iti nirdeśādyogātkārakasaṃbandhaḥ sata eva sāvayavasya ghaṭate netarasya | nahi ghaṭanāśanasāmagrīsaṃbandhaḥ pradhvaṃsasyātyantā'sata upayujyate, tadabhāvādeva pradhvaṃsābhāvasya na kāryatvaṃ, tathaiva jagato'pyasato na kāryatvaṃ sidhyati | sadasattvapakṣe'pi sattvāsattvayorbhāvābhāvadharmatvenānyonyaviruddhatvādekādhikaraṇatvāsaṃbhavāttādṛgdharmavaiśiṣṭyānupapattau sutarāṃ jagato brahmakāryatvānupapatteḥ | tarhi kārya kāraṇābhinnameveti cenna |
4.16.3
bahvanarthāgamaprasaṅgātkāryasya jagato jaḍātmano brahmābhinnatve brahmaṇo'pi dṛśyatvānityatvāprakāśatvaduḥkha rūpatva sāvayavatvādidoṣaparamparāprasaṅgāttadiṣṭapattireveti cettava jagadāndhyaprasaktyā'haṃmamedamityādivyavahārāsiddheḥ bhavato'pi jaḍatvena jñānānutpattau mokṣābhāvaprasaṅgāt 'tarati śokamātmavit' ityādiśrutivaiyarthyāpatteḥ | brahmānandaprāptikāmānāṃ satāṃ muktau pravṛttivicchedaprasaṅgāt, 'yattadadreśyamagrāhyam' iti, 'ajo nityaḥ śāśvataḥ' ityādiśrutivirodhaprasaṅgācca | tarhi tṛtīya eva pakṣo'stviticenna | bhinnābhinnatayoranyonyaviruddhatvenaikāśrayatvāsaṃbhavāt | evaṃ jagato brahmakāryatvānupapattau śrutipramāṇakatvaṃ ca na sidhyati | nanvevaṃ sati 'yato vā' ityādi śrutermṛṣāvāditvenāprāmāṇyāpāta iticenna | tasyābrahmaṇo'dvitīyatvapratipādanaparatayā prāmāṇyābhyupagamātkecijjagatkāraṇaṃ paramāṇava iti vadanti | prakṛtirityapare | taddurarīkṛtya kāryakāraṇābhyāṃ sarvaśrutiprasiddhamadvitīyatvaṃ brahmaṇo vyeti, tadasahamānayānayā śrutyā jagadupādānatvaṃ brahmaṇaḥ pratipādyate | nanūktarītyā jagadbrahmaṇoḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvānupapattau kathamupādānaṃ brahmeti cedvivartopādānaṃ brahmeti brūmaḥ | vivartatvaṃ nāmādhiṣṭhānasyānyathābhānamātraṃ |
4.16.4
tacca grahīturgrahaṇadoṣakṛtaṃ śukteryathā rajatākāreṇa pratītiḥ śuktiyāthātmyasaṃdarśanena rajatābhāsasya śuktimātratvavadadhiṣṭhānabrahmasvarūpasākṣātkāreṇa jagato'pi pratītimātrasya ‘tadananyatvamārambhaṇaśabdādibhyaḥ’ iti, ‘vācārambhaṇaṃ vikāro nāmadheyam’ ityādiśrutiprāmāṇyādbrahmamātratvasiddhau brahmaṇo'dvitīyatve'vyāhate satyatraivaṃ pūrvoktadoṣānavakāśaḥ, kāryasya nāmamātratvāvaśepāyata evaṃ tato'rthataḥ śabdādiprapañcasadbhāvena śrutiḥ pramāṇam | nāpi pratyakṣamanumānaṃ ca | tasmādaprāmāṇikatvājjagataḥ svataḥ sattā nāstīti siddham | evamasata: śabdāde: sattābhāvaṃ pratipādya idānīṃ brahmaṇaḥ svasvarūpasya sadbhāvaṃ pratipādayati—nābhāvo vidyate sata iti | sāmānyaviśeṣabhāvaśūnyamakhaṇḍacidekarasaṃ sarvavikriyārahitaṃ sadevetyādiśrutiprasiddhamapūrvamanaparamanantaramabāhyaṃ yatsattasya satassvabhāvo nāstitvaṃ kaścitkadācinna vidyate | jāgratsvapnasuṣuptyādiṣu sadbhāvadarśanādātmanaḥ sadā sattve pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇaṃ | ātmā nityasattāko bhavati avasthātrayasākṣitvādyannaivaṃ tannaivaṃ yathā dehādirityādyanumānaṃ ca | ‘ayamātmā sanmātro nityaḥ śuddho buddhaḥ’ iti, ‘ajo nityaḥ śāśvataḥ’ iti, ‘tathā'rasaṃ nityamagandhavacca’ ityādi śrutiśca pramāṇam |
4.16.5
evaṃ sarvapramāṇairnirdhāritanityasattākasya sataḥ pratyagabhinnasya brahmaṇassvabhāvaḥ kadācinnāstīti tattvadarśibhistattvaṃ sarvādhiṣṭhānabhūtasya brahmaṇo yāthātmyamabādhitasvarūpaṃ satyajñānānandātmakaṃ yattadeva sadā sarvatra draṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te tattvadarśinastairbrahmavidbhirevamubhayoḥ sadasatoranto niścayaḥ sadā sarvatra brahmaikamevāsti na tato'nyaditi niṣkarṣo dṛṣṭaḥ kṛta ityarthaḥ | etena tvamapyātmanastvanityatvabhramamutsṛjya niḥśoko bhūtvā ‘sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma’ ityādiśrutyarthamavaṣṭabhya sarvatra brahmadarśanaparo bhaveti sūcitaṃ bhavati | nanu saditi sāmānyaṃ, uta svarūpam | sāmānyatve tasya viśeṣāpekṣatvena pralayadaśāyāmaśeṣaviśeṣavināśe vināśaḥ syāt | viśeṣāṇāmapi kāryatvena tatra vināśaḥ syāt | sāmānyasyāpi taddharmatvena vināśopapatteḥ | svarūpatve tasya vyāvṛtatve kalpitatvādvināśitvamupāttaṃ anuvṛttatve tasyaiva sāmānyatvenoktadoṣaprasaktirityāśaṅkāyāṃ tasya sāmānyaviśeṣabhāvaśūnyatvānna kathaṃcidapi vināśa upapadyata ityāha—
Linked texts (1)
- Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit