Bhagavadgita 3.16

3.16

asataḥ pariṇāmino dehasya bhāvaḥ apariṇāmitvaṃ na vidyate| sataḥ apariṇāmina ātmanaḥ abhāvaḥ pariṇāmitvaṃ ca na vidyate| anayorubhayoḥ dehātmanoḥ antaḥ tattvadarśibhiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ| nirūpaṇasya nirṇayāntatvāt, nirṇaya evāntaśabdenoktaḥ¹ | asato dehasyāsatvameva, sata ātmana satvameva svarūpamiti nirṇayo dṛṣṭa ityarthaḥ|²
‘anāśī paramārtho'sau prājñairabhyupagamyate’³ ‘yattu kālāntareṇāpi nānyasañjñāmupaiti vai| pariṇāmādisambhūtaṃ tadastu nṛpa tacca kim||’⁴ iti vaiṣṇavokteḥ⁵
yadvā, sadasacchabdau satkarmāsatkarmaparau|
'praśaste karmaṇi tathā sacchabdaḥ pārtha yujyate'<sup 1</sup 'aśraddhayā hutaṃ dattaṃ tapastaptaṃ kṛtaṃ ca yat| asadityucyate pārtha'<sup 2</sup ityādi vakṣyamāṇatvāt|
tathā asataḥ duṣṭakarmaṇaḥ sakāśāt bhāvaḥ sukhaṃ na vidyate| tathā sataḥ sukarmaṇo yuddhāditaḥ abhāvaḥ duḥkhaṃ na vidyate| anayorubhayoḥ sadasatkarmaṇoḥ sukhaduḥkhakāraṇatvarūpaḥ antaḥ nirṇayaḥ tattvadarśibhiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ| idaṃ yuddhaṃ tu kṣatriyasya praśastataram| ataḥ 'pāpamevāśrayedasmān'<sup 3</sup iti śokaṃ jahīti bhāvaḥ| bhavatyasminnananyaprayojanikeccheti bhāvaḥ sukham| na bhavati tādṛgicchā yasmin saḥ abhāvaḥ duḥkham<sup 4</sup
yattu<sup 5</sup “asataḥ viśvasya bhāvaḥ satvaṃ nāsti, mṛṣātvāt| sataḥ brahmaṇaḥ nāśatvam<sup 6</sup sajātīyavijātīyasvagatabhedaśūnyaṃ brahmaiva svaprakāśarūpaṃ sat 'ghaṭaḥ san' ityādau ca ghaṭāditādātmyāpannaṃ tadeva bhāti sajātīyāccito bhedaḥ vijātīyājjaḍādbhedaḥ svagatādguṇādbhedo nāsti, pratiyogino'bhāvāt| tathā ca śrutiḥ 'sadeva somyedamagra āsīdekamevādvitīyaṃ brahma'<sup 7</sup ityupakramya, 'aitadātmyamidaṃ sarvaṃ tat satyaṃ sa ātmā tattvamasi śvetaketo' ityupasaṃharantī uktabhedaśūnyamekaṃ satyamāha| 'vācārambhaṇaṃ vikāro nāmadheyaṃ mṛttiketyeva satyam' ityādiśrutirvikārasyāmṛtatvamāha| 'sanmūlāḥ somyemāḥ sarvāḥ prajāḥ sadāyatanāḥ satpratiṣṭhāḥ' iti śrutirvikārasya sati<sup 8</sup kalpitatvamāha” iti, tanna|
viśvasya mithyātve 'janmādyasya yataḥ'<sup 9</sup iti sūtre 'yato vā imāni
dhikaśūnyatvam, evakāreṇa ‘śaṅkhaḥ pāṇḍura eva’ ityādivat mukhyāderbrahmaṇyayogavyavacchedo bodhyate|
‘vācārambhaṇa’śabdasya mṛṣātve yogarūḍhyorabhāvācca| vācārambhaṇaṃ vyākaraṇanirapekṣavāgindriyārabdhabhāṣāśabdo vikāro deśādibhedena vikṛtaḥ| mṛttiketi saṃskṛtaṃ satyamekarūpam| yathā bhāṣāśabdādyāvān vyavahāraḥ, tat tadadhikaṃ ca saṃskṛtādbhavati, tathā devatāntarajñānādyat phalaṃ tat tadadhikaṃ ca brahmajñānādbhavatītyatra ‘vācārambhaṇam’ ityādidṛṣṭāntaḥ| satsvarūpabrahmakartṛkatvena tadādhārakatvena ca sanmūlakatvādikaṃ prajānām|
naca lāghavādekameva satvaṃ svīkāryam| tadevādhiṣṭhānagataṃ ‘san ghaṭaḥ’ ityādau ghaṭādiniṣṭhatayā bhāti| anidamri rūpye ‘idaṃ rūpyam’ ityatra śuktiniṣṭhedantāvaditi vācyam| ‘sadbrahma’ ityatrāpyadhiṣṭhānasattvasyaiva bhānāpattyā brahmaṇo'pyasattvāpatteḥ| sattvatraividhyasya tvayā'pyaṅgīkārācca| lāghavena sattvāpalāpe'tilāghavena brahmasattvamapi na svīkāryam| pratītistu vāstavasattvaṃ vinā'pi śuktirūpyavat prātītikasattvenāpyupapadyate| ato ‘nityo ghaṭaḥ’ iti nityatvādivat ‘san ghaṭaḥ’ iti sattvamapi tanniṣṭhameva| tacca trikālābādhyatvarūpaṃ kālasambandhitvam| naca rūpyamastīti prātītikatrikālasambandho'stīti vācyam| kālasambandhitvena pratītireva hi na kālasambandhaḥ, arthakriyādyāpatteḥ| ‘prameyatve prameyatvam’ itivat tasya svasthitatvasattvācca|
nanvīśvaranityatve mānābhāvāt taddṛṣṭāntena kathaṃ jīvānāṃ ‘na tvevāham’<sup 1</sup ityuktaṃ nityatvaṃ siddhyati? naca ‘avināśī vā're'yamātmā’<sup 2</sup ityādinā parameśvaranityatvaṃ siddhamiti vācyam| tadvākyānāmupāsanāparatvenopapannatvāt| upāsanāyāśca ‘yoṣitamagniṃ dhyāyīta’ ityādivadasadviṣayakatvāt| ata āha - avināśīti||