A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 1.3.23

1.3.23

pramāṇasamuccaya vārtikādau diṅnāgadharmakīrtyādyuktaṃ saṃkalayyānuvadati— āheti . tallakṣaṇākṣepāt—anumānalakṣaṇenaiva ākṣepāt—svataḥ prāpteḥ . parokṣeti . ekasambandhijñānavidhayaiva hi anumānasya pravṛttiḥ . śābde'pi ayaṃ krama eva siddhānte . vācyavācakabhāvākhyavṛtteḥ sambandharūpatā sammataiva . sāmānyeti . vyāptiḥ śaktigrahaścetyubhayaṃ sāmānyadvāraiveti hi siddhāntaḥ . nanu avinābhāvarūpasambandhaḥ vyāptiḥ, vācyavācakabhāvalakṣaṇaśca sambandhaḥ śaktiḥ . evaṃ vilakṣaṇasambandhamūlayoḥ kathamaikyamiti śaṃkāyāmāha— sambandhaśceti . sambandhaśca sarvatra naikarūpo bhavatumarhati . antataḥ yathā pratyakṣato dhūmaṃ dṛṣṭvā'gniranumīyate . tathaiva śabdamākarṇya tadartho'pyavagamyate .. 8 .. anvayavyatirekau ca bhavato'trāpi liṅgavat . yo yatra dṛśyate śabdaḥ sa tasyārthasya vācakaḥ .. 9 .. pakṣadharmatvamapyasti śabda eva yato'rthavān . prakalpayiṣyate pakṣo dhūmo dahanavāniva .. 10 .. tatra dhūmatvasāmānyaṃ yathā vahati hetutām . gotvādiśabdasāmānyaṃtadvadatrāpivakṣyati .. 11 .. evaṃ viṣayasāmagrīsābhyādekatvaniścaye . na vilakṣaṇatāmātraṃ kiñcidanyatvakāraṇam .. 12 .. pūrvavarṇakramodbhūtasaṃskārasahakāritā . puruṣāpekṣavṛttitvaṃ vivakṣānusṛtikramaḥ .. 13 .. ityādinā viśeṣeṇa na pramāṇāntaraṃ bhavet . kāryakāraṇadharmādiviśeṣo'trāpi nāsti kim ? .. 14 .. yatheṣṭaviniyojyatvamapi nānyatvakāraṇam . hastasaṃjñādiliṅge'pi tathābhāvasya darśanāt .. 15 .. anvayavyatirekādibhedāt vyāpterapi yathā bhedaḥ, tathā'yamapyekaḥ sambandhaviśeṣo'stu . pratyāyanakramastu tulya eva . ayamevārthaḥ anantaraślokaiḥ upapādyate . gotvādīti . gakārottaratvādirūpaṃ sāmānyaṃ nikhilagośabdeṣuastyeva ..