A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 1.3: tṛtīyamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā

Nyāyamañjarī 1.3

Language: Sanskrit

tṛtīyamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā

1.3.1

upamānānantaraṃ śabdasya vibhāgasūtre nirdeśāttasya lakṣaṇaṃ pratipādayitumāha—

upadeśaḥ śabdaḥ ityucyamāne paryāyamātroccāraṇāt akārake śabdamātre pramāṇyaprasaktiriti tadvinivṛttaye pūrvasūtrāt sādhyasādhanapadamākṛṣyate . tathā'pi śabdāntarajanake prasaktiriti pratyakṣasūtrāt jñānapadasya, smṛtijanakasya vyavacchedārthaṃ cārthagrahaṇasya, saṃśayaviparyayajanakanirākaraṇāya ca vyavasāyātmakāvyabhicāripadayoranuvṛttirityevamavyabhicārādiviśeṣaṇārthapratītijanaka upadeśaḥ śabda ityuktaṃ bhavati ..

1.3.4

tadevaṃparyāyamevopadeśaśabdaṃ śabdalakṣaṇamapekṣitapūrvasūtropāttaviśeṣaṇapadaṃ kecidvyācakṣate . āptagrahaṇaṃ ca lakṣaṇaniścayārthamāhuḥ . ghrāṇarasanatvakcakṣuḥśrotrāṇīndriyāṇi bhūtebhyaḥ ityatra bhūtagrahaṇaṃ vakṣyate . evaṃ hyaitihyasya na pramāṇāntaratā bhaviṣyati, upadeśarūpatvāviśeṣāditi ..

1.3.5

kṣuṇṇaṃ kiñcijjayantasya vartma caitāvataiva naḥ .
sudūramasti gantavyaṃ, gacchāmaḥ tvaritaṃ tataḥ ..

1.3.6

akārake—bodhājanake, ghaṭa, kalaśa, kumbha, ityādirūpe . śabdāntarajanake—vīcītaraṅganyāyena śabdāntarajanake pūrvaśabde . jñānapadasyeti . evaṃ pratyakṣasūtra iva yataḥ śabdo'pyadhyāhartavyaḥ . etādṛśaṃ jñānaṃ yataḥ, sa śabda ityarthaḥ ..

1.3.7

evaṃparyāyaṃ—uktārthakam . lakṣaṇaniścayārthaṃ—uktārthasya paricāyakamiti yāvat . vakṣyate iti . aṣṭamāhnike tatsūtravivaraṇavelāyāṃ bhūtagrahaṇaṃ spaṣṭārthamiti sahetukamuktam . evaṃ—evaṃ satyeva . anyathā sūtrayojanāyāṃ pakṣāntaram anye tu bruvate—yuktamupadeśapadameva śabdalakṣaṇam . yuktaṃ ca tanniścayārthamāptagrahaṇam . pūrvasūtropāttaviśeṣaṇapadānuvṛttistu nopayujyate, sāmānyalakṣaṇānantaraṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaprakramāt . sāmānyalakṣaṇena ca smṛtyādijanakasakalapramāṇābhāsavyudāse kṛte sajātīyapratyakṣādivyadaccheda eva kevalamidānīṃ vaktavyaḥ . tatra ca paryāyatayā paryāptamupadeśapadameva buddhyādipadavaditi kiṃ viśeṣaṇānuvṛttikleśena ? iti .. āptapadamapi lakṣaṇaghaṭakamiti pakṣaḥ apara āha—anavalambitasāmānyalakṣaṇānusaraṇadainyamanadhyāhṛtaprāktanaviśeṣaṇapadamāptopadeśaśśabdalakṣaṇam . na cākārakeṇa śabdāntarakāriṇā vā smṛtijanakena vā saṃśayādhāyinā vā śabdena kiñcidupadiśyata iti nirvacanasavyapekṣāt upadeśagrahaṇādeva tannivṛttiḥ siddhā . mithyopadeśe tu rathyāpuruṣādivacasi viparītapratītikāriṇi prasaṅgo na nivartata iti tatpratikṣepārthamāptagrahaṇam . aitihye yathārthapratītihetāvāptānumānānna pramāṇāntaratvamiti . tasmādyathāśrutameva sūtraṃ śabdalakṣaṇārthaṃ yuktam .. aitihyasya ajñātapravaktṛkatvena āptopadeśarūpatvābhāvāt atiriktapramāṇatā'pattiḥ . sūtre tu catvāryeva pramāṇāni nirdiṣṭāni . tena gamyate āptapadaṃ na lakṣaṇaghaṭakamabhimataṃ sūtrakarturiti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.8

anye tvityādi . pramāṇasāmānyalakṣaṇenaiva akārakaśabdādāvatiprasaṅgavāraṇāt na sādhyasādhanādipadānāmākarṣa ityāśayaḥ . paryāyapadanirdeśena kathaṃ lakṣaṇaprāptiḥ ? iti śaṅkāyāṃ sūtrakārasyeyaṃ śailītyatra nidarśanamāha—budhyādīti . buddhirupalabdhirjñānamityanarthāntaram itivadityarthaḥ . śiṣṭaṃ buddhiparīkṣāyāmeva draṣṭavyam ..

1.3.9

anavalambita—ityādinā'nupadoktapakṣavailakṣaṇyaṃ, anadhyāhṛta—ityādinā prathamamupapāditapakṣavailakṣaṇyam . na ca upadiśyate ityanvayaḥ . prasaṃgaḥ—atiprasaṅgaḥ . āptānumānāditi . ata eva khalu vedopa upadeśapadasyārthānupapattiḥ bhavatvevam ! upadiśyata iti ko'rthaḥ ? abhidhānakriyā kriyate . keyamabhidhānakriyā nāma ? pratītiriti cet; cakṣurāderapi tatkaraṇatvādupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ .. svāvagatipūrvikā pratītiriti cet, dhūmāderapyupadeśatāprasaṅgaḥ . cakṣurāderapi tatkaraṇatvāt upadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ . svasādṛśyena pratītiriti cet, bimbasyāpi pādādyanumitāvupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ, śabde ca tadabhāvādanupadeśatvaṃ syāt . śabdāvacchinnā pratītiriti cet, śrotrasya tajjanakatvādupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ, śabdasya ca svāvacchedena pratītijanakatvaniṣedhādanupadeśatvaṃbhavet . nāpi śabdakaraṇikā pratītiḥ; abhidhānakriyāvivakṣāyāṃ, ākāśānumāne vā tasyopadeśatvaprasaṅgā dityabhidhānakriyāsvarūpāniścayāt na tasyāḥ karaṇamupadeśaḥ .. deṣṭṛtayā īśvarasādhanam . aitihye'pi yathārthe sāmānyata āptamūlakatvānumānāllakṣaṇopapattiḥ . ayathārthasya tu na lakṣyataiveti śeṣaḥ ..

1.3.10

tatkaraṇatvāt—pratītikaraṇatvāt . svāvagatīti . śabdaḥ kila jñātasanneva pratītikaraṇaṃ, indriyaṃ tu ajñātameva svarūpasat . upadeśapadaṃ ca etādṛśavilakṣaṇārthakaṃ, prayogarūḍhyā ityarthaḥ . dhūmāderiti . jñāyamānameva khalu liṅgaṃ anumitikaraṇam . svasādṛśyeneti . anumitau karaṇaṃ dhūmaḥ, pramitistu tadvijātīyavahniviṣayiṇī . śabde tu yadviṣayako bodhaḥ, tadviṣayaka eva śabdo'pīti abhimānaḥ . bimbasyeti . pratibimbasyetyarthaḥ . pūrṇapratibimbasthale anumānasyāprasarāt . yatra pādādibimbena gatānāmanumīyate iti śabda-28 kumārilavacanaṃ ca smaran āha—pādādīti . pratyutāsaṃbhava evetyāha— śabde ceti . bodhastu ghaṭatvāvacchinnasya . karaṇe tu śabde, śabdajñāne vā na hi ghaṭatvaṃ sthātumalam . ataḥ atrāpi na sādṛśyaleśa iti bhāvaḥ . śabdāvacchinneti . ayaṃ pakṣaḥ pratyakṣaparīkṣāyāṃ varṇitaḥ . pratyuta asaṃbhava evetyāha—śabdasya ceti . idamapi pratyakṣalakṣaṇe avyapadeśyapadaprayojanavicārāvasare pratipāditam . abhidhānetyādi . abhidhānakriyāṃ pratyapi upadeśapadasyārthaḥ ucyate—śrotragrāhyavastukaraṇikā tadarthapratītirabhidhānakriyā, itthaṃ loke vyavahārāt . uktaḥ, abhihitaśca sa evārtho loke vyapadiśyate, yastu tathāvidhapratītiviṣayatāṃ pratipannaḥ . śrotragrāhyasya varṇarāśerevārthapratītikaraṇatvāt; na tu śrotrapratyayaviṣayaḥ sphoṭatmā śabdaḥ . śrotragrahaṇe hyarthe śabdaśabdaḥ prasiddhaḥ . varṇā eva ca śrotragrahaṇāḥ . yato'rthapratītiḥ sa śabda iti tūcyamāne dhūmādirapi śabdaḥ syāt . agṛhītasambandhaśca śabdaḥ śabdatvaṃ jahyāt, arthapratipatterakaraṇāt .. keyaṃ abhidhānakriyā nāma nanu ! pratīteḥ saṃvidātmakatvāt nābhidhānakriyā nāma kācidapūrvā saṃvidanyā vidyate . tatkaraṇasya copadeśatāyāmatiprasaṅga ityuktam—satyam—saṃvidātmaiva sarvatra pratītiḥ . sā cakṣurādikaraṇikā pratyakṣaphalam, liṅgakaraṇikā'numānaphalam, śrotragrāhyakaraṇikā śabdaphalam . na hi—dṛśyate, anumīyate, abhidhīyata iti paryāyaśabdāḥ . tatpratītiviśeṣajanane ca śabdasyopadeśatvamucyate . ākāśānumānavivakṣādau tu tasya liṅgatvamevetyalaṃ prasaṅgena .. āptasvarūpam āpto bhāṣyakṛtā vyākhyātaḥ—āptaḥ khalu sākṣātkṛtadharmā yathādṛṣṭasyārthasya cikhyāpayiṣāprayukta upadeṣṭā ca iti .. śabdasya upadeśarūpatvaprasaṅgaḥ . śabdāśrayatvena ākāśānumāne, tatra karaṇasya śabdasya upadeśarūpatvaprasaṅgaḥ ..

1.3.11

śrotragrahaṇe—śrotragrāhya iti yāvat . śabdaśabdaḥ—śabda iti śabdaḥ ..

1.3.12

liṅgatvameveti . śabdakaraṇakapratītitve'pi tasya, na hi abhidhīyate iti tatra vyavahāraḥ ..

1.3.13

nanu sākṣātkṛtadharmā iti padena dharmopadeṣṭureva āptatvaṃ bhāti . evaṃ sati laukikaṃ vākyaṃ sarvamapramāṇamāpatati . evaṃ anumānādinā nirṇītārthavaktari dharma ityupadeṣṭavyaḥ kaścidartho vivakṣitaḥ . sākṣātkaraṇametasya yathārthamupalambhanam .. 1 .. na tu pratyakṣeṇaiva grahaṇamiti niyamaḥ, anumānādiniścitārthopadeśino'pyāptatvānapāyāt .. cikhyāpayiṣayā yukta ityuktā vītarāgatā . upadeṣṭetyanenoktaṃ pratipādanakauśalam .. 2 .. vītarāgo'pi mūkādirupadeṣṭumaśaktaḥ kiṃ kuryāt ? vaktuṃ śakto'pi sākṣātkṛtadharmā'pyavītarāgo na vakti, tūṣṇīmāsta iti .. tasya ca pratipādye'rthe vītarāgatvamiṣyate . sarvathā vītarāgastu puruṣaḥ kutra labhyate .. 3 .. ṛṣyāryalmecchasāmānyaṃ vaktavyaṃ cāptalakṣaṇam . evaṃ hi loke'pyāptoktyā vyavahāro na naṅkṣyati .. 4 .. doṣakṣayaḥ āptatvaṃ iti pakṣavimarśaḥ ye'pyāptiṃ doṣakṣayamācakṣate—tairapi doṣakṣayaḥ pratipādyārtheṣveva varṇanīyaḥ; anyathā līke dṛśyamānasyāptoktinibandhanasya vyavahārasya nihnavaḥ syāt .. āptatvaṃ na syāt iti śaṃkāyāmāha—dharma iti . dharmapadaṃ upadeṣṭavyapadārthasāmānyopalakṣakam . evaṃ sākṣātkārapadaṃ sudṛḍhapramāṇasāmānyopalakṣakamiti bhāvaḥ . vācaspatistu dharmāḥ—padārthāḥ ityeva vyākhyātavān . vītarāgateti icchāyāmupādhyantarānukteḥ . avītarāgaḥ—cikhyāpayiṣāśūnyaḥ ..

1.3.14

itīti . etadubhayamapi āptatvaprayojakam . pratipādye'rtha iti . pratipādyamānenārthena svāniṣṭādikaṃ jñātvā, yadyanyathā vadet, sa kathaṃ āptaḥ . ataḥ pratipādyaviṣaye nirmatsaratvaṃ vivakṣitam . na tu sāgasāmānyāmāvaḥ, tādṛśasya śabdaprayogasyāpyasaṃbhavāt . antataḥ lokānugrahecchā vā astyeveti bhāvaḥ . vastutastu—icchā anyā, anyaśca rāgaḥ . tatra rāga eva kāluṣyāpādaka iti pūrṇavītarāgāṇāmapi icchayā upadepasaṃbhava ityanyatra vistaraḥ ..

1.3.15

pratipādyeṣvartheṣu pratipādyārthaviṣayakapakṣapātādirūpadoṣakṣayaḥ iti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.16

athavā vedaprāmāṇyasiddhyarthatvācchāstrasya tatpraṇeturāptasyeśvarasya yathāśrutamevedaṃ lakṣaṇam, sa sākṣātkṛtadharmaiva, dharmasyeśvarapratyakṣagocaratvāt ..

1.3.17

cikhyāpayiṣāprayukta iti . kāruṇika eva bhagavāniti vakṣyate . upadeṣṭā ca, vedādyāgamānāṃ tatpraṇītatvasya 4 āhnike samarthayiṣyamāṇatvāt ..

1.3.18

āha—āstāṃ tāvadetat ! idaṃ tu cintyatām ! kimarthamidaṃ punaśśabdasya pṛthaglakṣaṇamupadiśyate ?

1.3.19

śabdasya khalu paśyāmo nānumānādvibhinnatām .
atastallakṣaṇākṣepāt na vācyaṃ lakṣaṇāntaram .. 5 ..

1.3.20

parokṣaviṣayatvaṃ hi tulyaṃ tāvaddvayorapi .
sāmānyaviṣayatvaṃ ca sambandhāpekṣaṇāddvayoḥ .. 6 ..

1.3.21

agṛhīte'pi sambandhe naikasyāpi pravartanam .
sambandhaśca viśeṣāṇāmānantyādatidurgamaḥ .. 7 ..

1.3.22

athavetyādi . granthārambha eva nyāyaśāstrasya paramaṃ prayojanaṃ vedaprāpnāṇyasaṃrakṣaṇamevetyuktatvāt, imamarthamavismaran bhāṣyakāraḥ prakṛtānuguṇatayā''ptaṃ lilakṣayiṣuḥ dharma padaṃ prayuktavānitīyaṃ carcā vṛthaiveti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.23

pramāṇasamuccaya vārtikādau diṅnāgadharmakīrtyādyuktaṃ saṃkalayyānuvadati— āheti . tallakṣaṇākṣepāt—anumānalakṣaṇenaiva ākṣepāt—svataḥ prāpteḥ . parokṣeti . ekasambandhijñānavidhayaiva hi anumānasya pravṛttiḥ . śābde'pi ayaṃ krama eva siddhānte . vācyavācakabhāvākhyavṛtteḥ sambandharūpatā sammataiva . sāmānyeti . vyāptiḥ śaktigrahaścetyubhayaṃ sāmānyadvāraiveti hi siddhāntaḥ . nanu avinābhāvarūpasambandhaḥ vyāptiḥ, vācyavācakabhāvalakṣaṇaśca sambandhaḥ śaktiḥ . evaṃ vilakṣaṇasambandhamūlayoḥ kathamaikyamiti śaṃkāyāmāha— sambandhaśceti . sambandhaśca sarvatra naikarūpo bhavatumarhati . antataḥ yathā pratyakṣato dhūmaṃ dṛṣṭvā'gniranumīyate . tathaiva śabdamākarṇya tadartho'pyavagamyate .. 8 .. anvayavyatirekau ca bhavato'trāpi liṅgavat . yo yatra dṛśyate śabdaḥ sa tasyārthasya vācakaḥ .. 9 .. pakṣadharmatvamapyasti śabda eva yato'rthavān . prakalpayiṣyate pakṣo dhūmo dahanavāniva .. 10 .. tatra dhūmatvasāmānyaṃ yathā vahati hetutām . gotvādiśabdasāmānyaṃtadvadatrāpivakṣyati .. 11 .. evaṃ viṣayasāmagrīsābhyādekatvaniścaye . na vilakṣaṇatāmātraṃ kiñcidanyatvakāraṇam .. 12 .. pūrvavarṇakramodbhūtasaṃskārasahakāritā . puruṣāpekṣavṛttitvaṃ vivakṣānusṛtikramaḥ .. 13 .. ityādinā viśeṣeṇa na pramāṇāntaraṃ bhavet . kāryakāraṇadharmādiviśeṣo'trāpi nāsti kim ? .. 14 .. yatheṣṭaviniyojyatvamapi nānyatvakāraṇam . hastasaṃjñādiliṅge'pi tathābhāvasya darśanāt .. 15 .. anvayavyatirekādibhedāt vyāpterapi yathā bhedaḥ, tathā'yamapyekaḥ sambandhaviśeṣo'stu . pratyāyanakramastu tulya eva . ayamevārthaḥ anantaraślokaiḥ upapādyate . gotvādīti . gakārottaratvādirūpaṃ sāmānyaṃ nikhilagośabdeṣuastyeva ..

1.3.24

vilakṣaṇatā—anuminomi, śābdayāmi ityādyanubhavarūpaṃ vailakṣaṇyam . tathā sati hi hastaceṣṭādīnāṃ arthasūcakānāmapi pramāṇāntaratvaprasaṅgaḥ . śabda . pramāṇavailakṣaṇyamevāha—pūrvatyādi . evaṃ sālakṣaṇyamapyāha—kāryetyādi . yatheṣṭetyādi . dhūmāt vahnyanumānādikaṃ na puruṣatantraṃ, śabdastu puruṣatantraḥ . svāyatte śabdaprayoge ityādirhi nyāyaḥ . tathābhāvasya—svāyattatvasya nanu anumāne mahānasādidṛṣṭāntāpekṣā niyatā, na tathā śābdabodhe—iti śaṅkāyāṃ asakṛdabhyastaviṣaye anumāne'pi na dṛṣṭāntāpekṣā niyatā . anabhyastetu sā dṛṣṭāntanirapekṣattvamabhyaste viṣaye samam . anabhyaste tu sambandhasmṛtisāpekṣatā dvayoḥ .. 16 .. anekapratibhotpattihetutvamapi vidyate . aspaṣṭaliṅge kasmiṃścidaśva ityādiśabdavat .. 17 .. sphuṭārthānavasāyāśca pramāṇābhāsato yathā . liṅge tathaiva śabde'pi nānārthabhramakāriṇi .. 18 .. api ca pratibhāmātre śabdājjāte'pi kutracit . āptavādatvaliṅgena janyate niścitā matiḥ .. 19 .. śabdasyānumānarūpatā samānatantrānumatā ata eva hi manyante śabdasyāpi vipaścitaḥ . āptavādāvisaṃvādasāmānyādanumānatām .. 20 .. samānaivetyāha—dṛṣṭānteti . nanu eka eva aśvādiśabdaḥ, śrotṛpratibhānuguṇaṃ, mṛgaviśeṣa-śvo'bhavitrādyarthān bahūn pratyāyayati, na tathā dhūmaḥ nānā'rthān pratyāyayati, kintu vahnimekaṃ . evaṃ sphuṭārthatvāsphuṭārthatvādibhedaḥ śabde dṛśyate, na dhūmādau . ataḥ asti mahadantaraṃ iti śaṃkāyāmāha—aneketyādi . aspaṣṭaliṅga iti . dhūmadhūlīpaṭalasādhāraṇākārajñānāt, ekasya vahnyanumitiḥ, aparasya senādyanumitiriti dṛśyata eva anumitāvapi pratipattibhedaḥ . idaṃ ca vaibhavena, spaṣṭaliṅgake'pi vivakṣānuguṇaṃ pratipattibhedaḥ dṛśyata eva . yathā dhūmāt vahnyanumitiḥ, tathaiva kadācit tṛṇādeḥ, manuṣyasadbhāvasya vā'numānaṃ yathā'pekṣaṃ bhavatyeva . evaṃ spaṣṭāspaṣṭapratītyādikamapi yathā'nubhavaṃ tulyameva . anumānāpekṣatvasya śabde'varjanīyatayā, tato'pi tasya na svatantrapramāṇatetyāha— apiceti ..

1.3.25

vipaścitaḥ—kaṇādapraśastapādādayaḥ . etena śābdaṃ vyākhyātam 9-2-3 ityādisūtrabhāṣya-kandalyādiṣu asya vistaro draṣṭavyaḥ . pramāṇamavisaṃvādi jñānaṃ iti kathanāt, śabdasya prāmāṇyaṃ yat avisaṃvādarūpaṃ, tat āptatvamūlameva vaktavyam . tatparityajya śabdo na pramāṇameva iti kathaṃ yujyeta ? evañca anumānavat śabdo'pi svaprāmāṇye paramukhameva nirīkṣata iti idamanumānamevetyarthaḥ . yadyapīyaṃ prakriyā bauddhānām, āptavādāvisaṃbādāt ityādyardhaṃ ca dṛśyate pramāṇavārtike 1-225-228; athāpi viṣayataulyaṃ vaiśeṣikabauddhayorasmin . athavā vipaścita iti dharmakīrtyādaya eva ucyante ..

1.3.26

kiñca śabdo vivakṣāyāmeva prāmāṇyamaśnute .
na bāhyeḥ vyabhicāritvāt tasyāṃ caitasya liṅgatā .. 21 ..

1.3.27

tatrābhidhīyate . dvividhaḥ śabdaḥ padātmā vākyātmā ceti . tatra vākyamanavagatasambandhameva vākyārthamavagamayitumalam; abhinavaviracitaślokaśravaṇe sati padasaṃskṛtamatīnāṃ tadarthāvagamadarśanāt . ataḥ sambadhādhigamamūlapravṛttinā'numānena tasya kathaṃ sāmyasaṃbhāvanā ..

1.3.28

padasya tu sambandhādhigamasāpekṣatve satyapi sāmagrībhedāt viṣayabhedāccānumānādbhinnattvam . viṣayastāvadvisadṛśa eva padaliṅgayoḥ . tadvanmātraṃ padasyārtha iti ca sthāpayiṣyate 5 āhnike . anumānaṃ tu vākyārthaviṣayam—atrāgniḥ, agnimān parvata iti tataḥ pratipatteḥ . uktaṃ ca pu. 311 tatra dharmaviśiṣṭo dharmī sādhya iti ..

1.3.29

kiñcetyādi . etadarthabodhecchayā ayaṃ śabdaḥ prayuktaḥ iti khalu jānāti lokaḥ śabdaśravaṇasamanantaram . anena śabdasya vaktṛgatecchāviśeṣānumāpakatvaṃ spaṣṭam . ataḥ tādṛśecchāyāṃ śabdaḥ liṅgam . na tu bāhye— ghaṭādau . atadvodhecchayā uccaritena śabdena tadbodhasyāpi jananāt . ataḥ icchānumānamantarā śabdo na bodhamitumalam . icchāyāṃ cānumitāyāṃ tadviṣayatayā'rthapratītiḥ . ataḥ śabdaḥ nārthāṃśe pramāṇam . icchāyā āntaratvāt bāhye iti padam ..

1.3.30

anavagatasambandhameveti, vākye śaktyanaṅgīkārāt . tasya—vākyasya ..

1.3.31

tadvanmātraṃ—jātiviśiṣṭavyaktimātram . mātracā parasparānvayavyudāsaḥ . sa tu saṃsargamaryādālabhya iti vakṣyate . evañca vākyāt arthapratītau tāvati śakterabhāvāt sambandhābhāvānnānumānaprasaraḥ . padena tu vyaktimātraṃ bodhyate, nānvayādiḥ . atastatrāpi padasya vākyārthasya ca na kaścana sambandha iti nānumānaprasara ityarthaḥ ..

1.3.32

nanu padānyapi vākyārthavṛttīni santi—gomān, aupagavaḥ, kumbhakāra iti—satyam—kintu teṣvapi sākāṅkṣatā'styeva; padāntaramantareṇa nirākāṅkṣapratyayānutpādāt . gomān kaḥ ? ityākāṅkṣāyā anivṛtteḥ ..

1.3.33

api ca parvatādiviśeṣyapratipattipūrvikā pāvakādiviśeṣaṇāvagatirliṅgādudeti . padāttu viśeṣaṇāvagatipūrvikā viśeṣyāvagatiriti viṣayabhedaḥ ..

1.3.34

nanu ! uktaṃ—yathā'numāne dharmaviśiṣṭo dharmī sādhyaḥ, evamihārthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ sādhyo bhavatu—maivam—śabdasya hetutvāt . na ca hetureva pakṣo bhavitumarhatīti ..

1.3.35

nanu ! yathā'gnimānayaṃ dhūmaḥ, dhūmatvāt mahānasadhūmavadityuktaṃ—

1.3.36

padānīti . gomān iti padena hi gosvāmirūpaḥ goviśiṣṭapuruṣarūpaḥ viśiṣṭo'rthaḥ pratīyate . tatra gopadārthasya puruṣasya ca svatvasvāmitvādikamapi tenaiva padena pratyāyyam . ataḥ padamapi anvitamevārthaṃ vākyārtharūpaṃ bodhayatyeva . tataśca tadvanmātraṃ padasyārthaṃ, anumānaṃ tu vākyārthaviṣakaṃ iti gatamevetyāśayaḥ . idaṃ ca suptiṅṃ padaṃ iti padalakṣaṇāmiprāyeṇa . śaktaṃ padaṃ iti siddhānte tu gomān iti viśiṣṭe naikā śaktiḥ, ataśca bodhakatvamapi na viśiṣṭasyeti nāyamākṣepaḥ ..

1.3.37

anivṛtteriti . tataśca na tāvanmātraṃ śabdapramāṇaṃ, vicārastu tadadhikṛtyaiva . gomān ityatra prakṛtipratyayabhāvāt kathañcit viśiṣṭabodhajanane'pi, anumiteḥ pakṣasādhyādiviśiṣṭapratītirūpatvāt, tādṛśaḥ bodhaḥ na ekena padena saṃbhavati, vākye tu śaktirnāstīti pūrvoktaṃ yuktameveti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.38

viśeṣaṇeti . pārṣṇika eva khalu viśiṣṭabodhaḥ ..

1.3.39

agnimāniti . vyāpteḥ sambandharūpatvāt evaṃ vyavahāraḥ pūrva pu-311 mapyupapāditaḥ . naiyyāyikāstu dhūmameva dharmīkṛtya tasyaivāviśiṣṭatā sā deśasyāgniyuktasya, dhūmasyānyaiścakalpitāślo-vā-anu-48 iti . evaṃ gośabda evārthavattvena sādhyatām ! gośabdatvādityādi sāmānyaṃ ca hetūkriyatām ! iti—etadapi durghaṭam—śabdasya dharmiṇaḥ kiṃ arthaviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā sādhyate ? pratyāyanaśaktiviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā ? arthapratītiviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā ? na tāvadarthaviśiṣṭatvaṃ sādhyam; śailajvalanayoriva śabdārthayoḥ dharmadharmibhāvābhāvāt .. athārthaviṣayatvācchabdasyārthaviśiṣṭatetyucyate; tadapyayuktam; tatpratītijananamantareṇa tadviṣayatvānupapatteḥ . pratītau tu siddhāyāṃ kiṃ tadviṣayatvadvārakeṇa taddharmatvena ? yadi tu tadviṣayatvamūlā taddharmatvapūrvikā'rthapratītiḥ, arthapratītimūlaṃ tadviṣayatvam, taditaretarāśrayam . tasmānnārthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ sādhyaḥ .. nāpyarthapratyāyanaśaktiviśiṣṭaḥ; tadarthitayā śabdaprayogābhāvāt .. na śaktisiddhaye śabdaḥ kathyate śrūyate'pi vā . arthagatyarthamevāmuṃ śṛṇvanti ca vadanti ca .. 22 .. nāpyarthapratītiviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ pakṣatāmanubhavitumarhati; siddhyasiddhivikalpānupapatteḥ .. asiddhayā'pi tadvattvaṃ śabdasyārthadhiyā katham ? siddhāyāṃ tatpratītau vā kimanyadanumīyate .. 23 .. manumeyāmāhurityāha—dhūmasyeti iti nyāyaratnākaraḥ . antareṇeti na hi śabdaḥ budhyādivat saviṣayaḥ padārthaḥ . siddhāyāmiti . tadeva khalvadya vicāryate . ataḥ tathā vivakṣā na saṃbhavati . vivakṣāyāṃ ca anyonyāśrayo jāgarūkaḥ . arthasya śabdadharmatvasiddhau, bodhasaṃbhavaḥ . bodhe jāta eva tannibandhanatadvarmatvasiddhiḥ iti . tadarthitayā—tadapekṣayā—tadicchayā ..

1.3.40

viśiṣṭa iti . vaiśiṣṭyaṃ cātra na janyajanakabhāvarūpaṃ, kintu pūrvottarakālasambandhitvamātram . tena anupadoktāt itaretarāśrayagrastapakṣāt viśeṣaḥ ..

1.3.41

jvalanādāvapi tulyo vikalpa iti cet; na hi tatrāgnirdhūmena janyate, api tu gamyate . iyaṃ tvarthapratītirjanyate śabdenetyasyāmeva siddhāsiddhatvavikalpāvasaraḥ . tasmāt tridhā'pi na śabdasya pakṣatvam ..

1.3.42

api ca gośabde dharmiṇi gatvādisāmānyātmakasya hetorgrahaṇaṃ, tato vyāptismaraṇam, tataḥ parāmarśaḥ, tato'rthapratipattiriti kāladrāghīyastvāt dharmī tirohito bhavet . na parvatavadavasthitiḥ tasya . api tūccaritapradhvaṃsitvaṃ śabdasya . na ca śabdamarthavattvena lokaḥ pratipadyate, kintu śabdāt pṛthagevārthamiti na sarvathā śabdaḥ pakṣaḥ . ato dharmaviśiṣṭasya dharmiṇaḥ sādhyasyedvāsaṃbhavācchabdaliṅgayormahān viṣayabhedaḥ ..

1.3.43

sāmagrībhedaḥ khalvapi—pakṣadharmānvayādirūpasāpekṣamanumānaṃ vyākhyātaṃ, śabde tu na tāni santi rūpāṇi . tathā ca śabdasya

1.3.44

jvalanādāviti . agniviśiṣṭadhūmasya pakṣatvāt sādhyasya pakṣe'ntarbhāvaḥ samāna eva . na hīti . agnivaiśiṣṭyaṃ ca dhūme vyāpyavyāpakabhāvataḥ, na tu janyajanakabhāvataḥ . tādṛśaṃ ca liṅgaṃ agnergamakamiti na anyonyāśrayasya, sidhyasiddhivikalpasya vā prasaktiḥ . prakṛte tu śabdādhīnabodhasya śabdaviśeṣaṇatvāt doṣa eva . ata eva vācyavācakabhāvasambandhāt arthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ arthasya gamako bhavatviti śaṃkā'pi nirastā . vācyavācakabhāvasyaiva gamakatvarūpatvāt, tasyaiva vicāryamāṇatvāt ..

1.3.45

gatvādi—atra ādinā taduttaraotvaādigrahaṇam . dharmī—śabdaḥ . nanu tarhi śabdasya pakṣatvaṃ kutrāpi na syāt, tataśca śabdānityattrādyanumānānāmapi jalāñjalirityataḥ anubhavavirodhamāha—na ceti . yadyapi loke'pi arthavānayaṃ śabdaḥ, nirarthako'yaṃ śabda ityādirasti vyavahāraḥ, athāpīdamabhyujayadūṣaṇaṃ bhavatu, mukhyadūṣaṇaṃ tu ādāvevoktam ..

1.3.46

pakṣatvapratikṣepānna taddharmatayā gatvādisāmānyasya liṅgatā . na cārthasya dharmitvam; siddhyasiddhivikalpānupapatteḥ . na ca taddharmatvaṃ śabdasya śakyate vaktum; tatra vṛttyabhāvāt . pratītijanakatvena taddharmatāyāmucyamānāyāṃ pūrvavaditaretarāśrayaḥ; pakṣadharmādivalena pratītiḥ, pratītau ca satyāṃ pakṣadharmādirūpalābhaḥ ..

1.3.47

api ca yadyarthadharmatayā śabdasya pakṣadharmatvaṃ bhavet, tadā'navagatadhūmāgnisambandho'pi yathā dhūmasya parvatadharmatāṃ gṛhṇātyeva, tathā'navagataśabdārthasambandho'pi arthadharmatāṃ śabdasya gṛhṇīyāt; na ca gṛhṇātītyato nāsti pakṣadharmatvaṃ śabdasyeti ..

1.3.48

anvayavyatirekāvapi tasya durupapādau; deśe kāle ca śabdārthayoranugamābhāvāt . na hi yatra deśe śabdaḥ tatrārthaḥ . yathoktaṃ śrotriyaiḥ—mukhe hi śabdamupalabhāmahe, bhūmāvartham iti . vayaṃ tu karṇākāśe śrotramupalabhāmahe—ityāstāmetat ..

1.3.49

nāpi yatra kāle śabdaḥ tatrārthaḥ; idānīṃ yudhiṣṭhirārthābhāve'pi yudhiṣṭhiraśabdasadbhāvāt . arthaśabdārthayoḥ anvayābhāve'pi tadbuddhyoranvayo grahīṣyate ityucyate . tarhi vaktavyaṃ—kiṃ arthabuddhāvutpannāyāmanvayo gṛhyate ? anutpannāyāṃ vā ? anutpannāyāṃ tāvat

1.3.50

nanu gopadavācyaḥ kaḥ ? iti tātparyeṇa kaḥ gauḥ? iti praśnaḥ, ayaṃ gauḥ ityuttaraṃ ca sarvānubhavasiddham . ataḥ kathañcit śabdārthayoḥ sambandha upapādanīyaḥ . tamādāyaiva arthasya pakṣatvamupapādayāmaḥ—iti śaṃkāyāṃ āha— api ceti . uktapraśnagatagabādipadāni vācyaparyantaṃ upacaritāni . anyathā vyāptimajānato'pi, prathamaṃ vā dhūmavān parvata itivat vācyavācakanāmajānato'pi ayaṃ gauḥ iti pratyayaḥ syāt . ataḥ śabdaḥ nārthadharmaḥ ..

1.3.51

cakāraḥ vā'rthe . vayaṃ tvityādi . bhūmāvartham iti tu sthitameva ..

1.3.52

svarūpāsattvāt kuto'nvayagrahaṇam ? utpannāyāṃ tvarthabuddhau kimanvayagrahaṇeneti naiṣphalyam . tatpūrvakatve tu pūrvavaditaretarāśrayam . etena vyatirekagrahaṇamapi vyākhyātam ..

1.3.53

nanu ! āvāpodvāpadvāreṇa śabdārthasambandhe niścīyamāne upayujyete evānvayavyatirekau . yathoktam ślo. vā. 1-1-7-160— yatra yo'nveti yaṃ śabdamarthastasya bhavedasau iti— satyametat—kintu samayabalena siddhāyāmarthabuddhau samayaniyamārthābanvayavyatirekau śabde; nānvayavyatirekakṛtā ca dhūmāderivāgneḥ tato'rthabuddhiḥ ..

1.3.54

api ca—

1.3.55

dhūmādibhyaḥ pratītiśca naivāvagatipūrvikā .
ihāvagatipūrvaiva śabdādutpadyate matiḥ .. 24 ..

1.3.56

āvāpetyādi . āvāpodvāpābhyāṃ śaktigraha iti siddhānte'pi sammatam . śaktigraho nāma ayaṃ śabdaḥ etadarthavācītyevaṃrūpaḥ vācyavācakabhāvagraha eva . tathā ca tatra śabdārthayoranvayavyatirekau dṛṣṭāvevetyarthaḥ . samayabaleneti . gāmānaya itivākyaśravaṇasamanantaraṃ gavānayane pravṛtiṃ paśyataḥ sāmānyataḥ idaṃ gavānayanaṃ etacchabdamūlaṃ iti śaktigrahe siddhe kasya padasya gauḥ arthaḥ ? kasya ānayanam ityanavagame,—ghaṭaṃ ānaya aśvaṃ badhāna ityādyāvāpodvāpābhyāṃ sāmānyato gṛhītāṃ śaktiṃ viśiṣya jānāti bālaḥ . nātra śaktigrahaḥ āvāpodvāpāt, kintu tena niyamamātramiti nānumānarūpamiti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.57

nanu sāmānyaśaktirapi anvayavyatirekādhīnakāryakāraṇabhāvagrahamūlaiva vaktavyeti cet—tarhi anumānātsāmānyaśaktigrahaḥ, tato niyamajñānaṃ, tataśśaktiniścayaḥ, tataḥ śābdabodhaḥ kālāntare'pi—iti anumānapūrvako'thaṃ śābdabodhaḥ nānumānaṃ bhavitumarhatītyāha—api ceti ..

1.3.58

sthaviravyavahāre hi bālaḥ śabdāt kutaścana .
dṛṣṭvā'rthamavagacchan taṃ svayamapyavagacchati .. 25 ..

1.3.59

yatrāpyevaṃ samayaḥ kriyate, etasmācchabdādayamarthastvayā pratipattavya iti—tatrāpi pratītireva kāraṇatvena nirdiṣṭā draṣṭavyā . tasmādanyo liṅgaliṅginoravinābhāvo nāma sambandhaḥ, anyaśca śabdārthayoḥ samayāparanāmā vācyavācakabhāvaḥ sambandhaḥ pratītyaṅgam . evaṃvidhaviṣayabhedāt sāmagrībhedācca pratyakṣavadanumānādanyaḥ śabda iti siddham ..

1.3.60

yattu pūrvavarṇakramāpekṣaṇādivailakṣaṇyamāśaṅkya dūrṣitam pu. 402 —kastatra phalguprāye nirbandhaḥ ..

1.3.61

nanu jñāyamāno dhūma eva karaṇamityuktam ? iti śaṅkāyāṃ svāśayaṃ vivṛṇotisthaviretyādi . kutaścana śabdāt—ityanvayaḥ . vyavahārācchaktigrahasyānumānikatvaṃ sarvasammatameva . tathā ca dhūmādvahnyanumānasthale mahānasādau pratyakṣādeva dhūmavahnyoḥ avinābhāvarūpasambandhanirṇayaḥ prakṛte tu vṛddhavyavahārakāle'numānāt vācyavācakabhāvarūpasambandhanirṇayaḥ . tataścānumānādhīnapravṛttikaḥ śabdaḥ kathaṃ anumānaṃ syāt ? nanu anumānapūrvakamapyanumānaṃ bhavitumarhati, dhūmāt vahnanumāne, tena tatra puruṣānumānāt iti cet; tathāpi anumānāt vācyavācakabhāvasyaivāvagamaḥ . vācyavācakabhāvaśca nāvinābhāvarūpaḥ . śabdārthayoravinābhāvaḥ nirākriyata eveti . kiñca dhūmavahnyoḥ sambandhaḥ na saṅketamūlakaḥ, kintu svābhāvikaḥ ..

1.3.62

pratītiḥ—tādṛśapratipattavyatvaviṣayakapratītiḥ . anyaḥ—vilakṣaṇaḥ . pratyakṣavaditi . yatkiñcitsambandhamūlakatvamātrāt kroḍīkāre indriyārthasambandhamūlakaṃ pratyakṣamapi anumānaṃ syādityāśayaḥ ..

1.3.63

ityādinā viśeṣeṇapu. 402 iti pūrvapakṣiṇaiva vailakṣaṇyakathanāt nāsmābhiḥ vaktavyamavaśiṣyata ityabhiprāyeṇāha—phalguprāya iti ..

1.3.64

yatpunarabhihitam pu. 403 ślo. vā.—1-1-5. śabda. 23—

1.3.65

āptavādāvisaṃvādasāmānyādanumānatā

1.3.66

iti—tadatīva subhāṣitam ! viṣayabhedāt . āptavādatvahetunā hi śabdārthabuddheḥ prāmāṇyaṃ sādhyate; na tu saiva janyate . yadāha ślo. vā. 1-1-7-244, 246

1.3.67

anyadeva hi satyatvamāptavādatvahetukam .
vākyārthaścānya eveha jñātaḥ pūrvataraṃ ca saḥ ..

1.3.68

tataścedāptavādena satyatvamanumīyate .
vākyārthapratyayasyātra kathaṃ syādanumānatā ..

1.3.69

janma tulyaṃ hi buddhīnāmāptānāptagirāṃ śrutau .
janmādhikopayogī ca nānumāyāṃ trilakṣaṇaḥ iti ..

1.3.70

na ca prāmāṇyaniścayādvinā pratibhāmātraṃ taditi vaktavyam; śabdārthasaṃpratyayasyānubhavasiddhatvāt ..

1.3.71

sādhyate—niścīyate . saiva—arthaviṣakabuddhireva . uktameva upapādayati kumārilavākyaiḥ—yadāheti . idaṃ vākyaṃ satyam ? uta na ? iti saṃśaye āptoktatvaniścaye satyatvaniścayaḥ . tadvākyāt prathamaṃ arthapratītirjātaiva . ataḥ āptoktatvaṃ prāmāṇyaniścayahetuḥ, na tu śābdavodhahetuḥ . āptānāṃ anāptānāṃ vā vākye śrute śābdabodhaḥ aviśeṣeṇa jāyata eva . ataḥ āptatvasaṃvādāt na bodhajananam . anumāyāṃ ca trilakṣaṇo hetuḥ janmādhikopayogī na ityanvayaḥ . tathā ca bodhajananaṃ na tvaduktahetujanyamiti śabdo nānumānam . pūrvapakṣiṇaḥ bauddhasya dṛṣṭyā trilakṣaṇaḥ iti . tat—śābdānubhavarūpaṃ jñānam . prāmāṇyaniścayāt pūrvaṃ jātaṃ jñānaṃ kevalabhānamātraṃ, na tu vāstavikamiti vaktuṃ na śakyaṃ, anubhavaviruddhatvāt ..

1.3.72

etena vivakṣāviṣayatvamapi pu. 404 pratyuktam . na hi vivakṣā nāma śabdasya vācyo viṣayaḥ, kintvartha eva tathā ..

1.3.73

vivakṣāyāṃ hi śabdasya liṅgatvamiha dṛśyate .
ākāśa iva kāryatvāt na vācakatayā punaḥ .. 26 ..

1.3.74

śabdāduccaritācca vācyaviṣayā tāvatsamutpadyate
saṃvittistadanantaraṃ tu gamayetkāmaṃ vivakṣāmasau .
arthopagrahavarjitāttu niyamātsiddhaivamājīvatā
tadvācyārthaviśeṣitā tvavidite naiṣā tadarthe bhavet .. 27 ..

1.3.75

nanu ! siddhe pramāṇattve bhedābhedaparīkṣaṇam .
kriyate, na tu śabdasya prāmāṇyamavakalpate .. 28 ..

1.3.76

arthapratītijanakaṃ pramāṇamiti varṇitam .
vikalpamātramūlatvāt nārthaṃ śabdāḥ spṛśantyamī .. 29 ..

1.3.77

na vācyaḥ viṣayaḥ—vācyatayā na viṣaya iti bhāvaḥ . vivakṣāyāmityādi . śabdasya kāryatvāt samavāyikāraṇatayā yathā śabdaḥ ākāśānumāne heturbhavati, tathā icchāmantarā śabdaprayogāsaṃbhavāt tacchabdocchāraṇecchāmanumāpayet śabdaḥ, na tvartham . śabdādarthapratīterevābhāve etadarthabodhecchayā uccaritaḥ iti kathaṃ vaktuṃ śakyam . nānārthakasthale'pi bodhāḥ prathamaṃ jāyanta eva . eṣu kaḥ prayokturabhimataḥ iti saṃśaye paraṃ tātparyāparanāmikā icchā'nveṣaṇīyā prakaraṇādibhiḥ . ataśca āptoktatvavat idamapi na śābdabodhahetuḥ . śābdabodhajananānantaramapekṣaṇīyamastu kāmam ..

1.3.78

vikalpeti . niyamena pravṛttinimittapūrvikā śabdapravṛttiḥ . tena nāmajātyādikalpanāmūlakatvamanivāryamiti śabdānāṃ yathārthaviṣayatvaṃ nāstyeva ..

1.3.79

artho nirūpyamāṇaśca ko vā śabdasya śakyate ?
vaktuṃ, na jātirna vyaktiḥ na tadvānnāma kaścana .. 30 ..

1.3.80

sambandho'pyasya nārthena nityo'sti samayo'stha vā ?
śakyaḥ, sannapi vā boddhumarthe kathamatīndriye ? .. 31 ..

1.3.81

vākyārtho'pi na nirṇetuṃ pāryate pāramārthikaḥ .
niyogabhāvanābhedasaṃsargādisvabhāvakaḥ .. 32 ..

1.3.82

tatpratītyabhyupāyaśca kiṃ padārthaḥ padāni vā ?
vākyaṃ vā vyatiṣaktārthaṃ sphoṭo veti na lakṣyate .. 33 ..

1.3.83

siddhāyāmapi tadbuddhau tasyā draḍhimakāraṇam .
nityatvamāptoktatvaṃ vā na samyagavatiṣṭhate .. 34 ..

1.3.84

na jātiriti . jātimātrasya śabdārthatve, vyaktibodho na syāt . vyaktimātrasya tathātve'nanugamāt vyaktyantarabodhanaṃ na syāt . jātimān padārthastu kaścana nāstyeva, kṛtsnaikadeśādivikalpadussthatvāt ..

1.3.85

samayaḥ—saṃketaḥ śaktyaparaparyāyaḥ . sa nityaścet śabdasyāpi nityatvaprasaṅgaḥ . anityaścedanavasthādussthitiḥ . atīndriye'rthe ca tādṛśasambandhagrahaṇaṃ katham ? kutrāpi kenāpi ayamasyārthaḥ iti pradarśayitumaśakyatvāt ..

1.3.86

evaṃ pratyekaṃ padānāṃ bodhakatvāsaṃbhave, viśiṣṭavākyārthaḥ niyogādirapi na saṃbhavatītyāha—vākyārtho'pīti . niyogaḥ vākyasyārtha iti prācīnamīmāṃsakāḥ, bhāvaneti navīnāḥ . parantu padairvā, padavācyairarthairvā, vākyādvā, sphoṭena vā tādṛśārthaḥ na kasyāpyanubhavasiddhaḥ . kathañciddvodhane'pi tādṛśavākyārthe prāmāṇyaṃ katham ? nityatvādikṛtaṃ tu durvacamevetyarthaḥ ..

1.3.87

pade nitye'pi vaidikyo racanāḥ kartṛpūrvikāḥ ?
nityā vā ? kṛtakatve'pi kṛtāḥ keneti durgamam .. 35 ..

1.3.88

kartā'sti sa ca nirdvandvaḥ sa caikaḥ sa ca sarvavit .
sa ca kāruṇiko veti pratipattuṃ na śakyate .. 36 ..

1.3.89

parasparaviruddhāśca santi bhṛyāṃsa āgamāḥ .
teṣāṃ kasyeśvaraḥ kartā kasya neti na manmahe .. 37 ..

1.3.90

vede doṣāśca vidyante vyāghātaḥ punaruktatā .
phalasyānupalaṃbhaśca tathā phalaviparyayaḥ .. 38 ..

1.3.91

kīdṛśaścārthavādānāṃ viruddhārthābhidhāyinām .
mantrāṇāṃ nāmadheyādipadānāṃ vā samanvayaḥ .. 39 ..

1.3.92

siddhakāryopadeśācca vede saṃśerate janāḥ .
kimasya kārye prāmāṇyaṃ siddhe'rthe vobhayatra vā ? .. 40 ..

1.3.93

tena vedapramāṇatvaṃ viṣame pathi vartate .
jīvikopāyabuddhyā vā śraddhayā vā'bhyupeyatām .. 41 ..

1.3.94

pada iti . padānāṃ nityatve'pi tadracanāviśeṣarūpāṇāṃ vedavākyānāṃ kathaṃ nityatvam ..

1.3.95

tadaprāmāṇyaṃ anṛtavyāghātapunaruktebhyaḥnyā. sū. 2-1-58 ityuktaṃ saṃgṛhṇāti—paraspareti . udite juhoti anudite juhoti iti viruddhayormadhye kasya īśvaraḥ kartā ? kasya na ? anyatarāprāmāṇye taddṛṣṭāntenetarāprāmāṇyaṃ jāgartyeva . evaṃ putreṣṭau kṛtāyāmapi kadācitphalaṃ vyabhicarati ityanṛtatvam . triḥprathamāmanvāha ityādiḥ punaruktiḥ ..

1.3.96

siddha iti . vaidikeṣvevāsti vivādaḥ, kiṃ vedānāṃ siddhaparatvam ? uta kāryaparatvam ? iti . etādṛśānavasthādussthatvāt śabdaḥ na pramāṇam . yadyapi śabdasāmānyāprāmāṇyasādhana evopakramaḥ, athāpi vedaprāmāṇyarakṣaṇa eva śabdaprāmāṇyasamarthanasya paramoddeśyateti jñeyam ..

1.3.97

atrāmidhīyate—sarva evaite doṣā yathākramaṃ parihariṣyanta ityalabhasamāśvāsena . supratiṣṭhameva vedaprāmāṇyamavagacchatvāyuṣmān ..

1.3.98

nanu ! arthāsaṃsparśitvameva tāvatkathaṃ parihriyate . na hi bāhye'rthe śabdāḥ pratītimādadhati . te hi durlabhavastusaṃparkavikalpamātrādhīnajanmānaḥ svamahimānamanuvartamānāstiraskṛtavāhyārthasamanvayān vikalpaprāyān pratyayānutpādayanto dṛśyante—aṅgulyagre hastiyūthaśatamāste itītisvabhāva eva śabdānāmarthāsaṃsparśitvam ..

1.3.99

cakṣurādīnāmapi alīkakacakūrcakādipratītikāraṇatvamasti, na ca teṣāmarthāsaṃsparśitvamiti cet; na; teṣāṃhi timirādidoṣakaluṣitavapuṣāṃ tathāvidhavibhramakāraṇatvam, na tu svamahimnaiva . ihāpi puruṣadoṣāṇāmeṣa mahimā, na śabdānāmiti cet, maivam; doṣavato'pi puruṣasya mūkāderanuccāritaśabdasyedṛśaviplavotpādanapāṭavābhāvāt . asatyapi ca puruṣahṛdayakāluṣye yathāprayujyamānānyaṅgulyagrādivākyāni viplavamāvahantyeveti śabdānāmevaiṣa svabhāvaḥ, na vaktṛdoṣāṇām ..

1.3.100

aṅulyagraityādi . na hyasmāt vākyāt bodha eva na bhavatīti vaktuṃ śakyam, vyutpannānāṃ tasyānivāryatvāt . kintu jāto bodhaḥ pramā vā ? iti vicāraḥ syāt . sa tvanyo viṣayaḥ . śabdāstu asatyapi arthe bodhamutpādayitumalamiti tu durapahnavam ..

1.3.101

nanu cakṣurādikamapi kadācidalīkarajatādau pravartata eveti pratyakṣamapi na pramā syādityāśaṃkya, śabda-cakṣuṣorvailakṣaṇyamāha—cakṣurādīnāmiti . yathā pramujyamāneti . līlayā, yadṛcchayā, pramādādveti hetuḥ . tathācānvaya bādhakajñāne satyapi śabdaḥ pravartate api ca na cakṣurādi bādhakajñānodaye sati na viramati; viparītavedanajanmanaḥ śuktikārajatādibuddhiṣu vibhramasyāpāyadarśanāt . śabdastu śatakṛtvo'pi bādhyamāno yathaivoccaritaḥ karaśākhāśikhare kareṇuśatamāste iti tathaiva tathābhūtaṃ bhūyo'pi vikalpamayathārthamutpādayatyeveti vikalpādhīnajanmatvācchabdānāmevedaṃ rūpaṃ yat arthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ nāmeti . taduktam— vikalpayonayaḥ śabdāḥ vikalpāḥ śabdayonayaḥ . teṣāmanyonyasambandhe nārthaṃ śabdāḥ spṛśantyamī iti .. śabdānāṃ arthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ na svabhāva iti siddhāntaḥ atrābhidhīyate—bhavedetadevaṃ; yadi na kadācidapi yathārthaṃ śabdaḥ pratyayamupajanayet, arthāsaṃsparśitvamevāsya svabhāva iti gamyeta . bhavati tu guṇavatpuruṣabhāṣitāt nadyāstīre phalāni santi iti vākyāt atiraskṛtabāhyārtho yathārthaḥ pratyayaḥ; tataḥ pravṛttasya tadarthaprāpteḥ . na ceyamarthaprāptirarthasparśaśūnyādapi śabdavikalpāt pāraṃparyeṇa maṇiprabhāmaṇibuddhivadavakalpata ityupariṣṭāt vakṣyāmaḥ .. nanu ! guṇavadvaktṛkādaṅgulyādivākyāt dṛṣṭa evāsamīcīnaḥ pratyayaḥ—maitram—guṇavatāmevaṃvidhavākyoccāraṇacapalābhāvāt .. vyatirekataḥ śabdānāmayaṃ svabhāvaḥ, arthamantarāpi pravṛttiḥ iti . śuktirajatādau adhiṣṭhānatayā vā'rthasaṃsparśo'stīti alīkakeśādinaḥ niradhiṣṭhānabhramaviṣayatvenāvagatasya kathanam ..

1.3.102

na na viramati—ityanvayaḥ . apāyaḥ—nivṛttiḥ ..

1.3.103

guṇavaditi . guṇāḥ—pramādapratāraṇādyabhāvarūpāḥ ..

1.3.104

aṅgulyādivākyāt—aṅgulyagre hastiyūthaśatamāste ityādivākyāt .

1.3.105

yattu āpto'pi kaṃ cidanuśāsti—mā bhavānabhūtārthaṃ vākyaṃ vādīḥ—aṅgulikoṭau karighaṭāśatamāste—iti iti, tatretikaraṇāvacchinnasya dṛṣṭāntatayā śabdaparatvenopādānātpratiṣedhaikavākyatayā yathārthameva . arthaparatve tu niṣedhakavākyataiva na syāditi . tasmādāptavākyānāmayathārthatvābhāvānna svato'rthāsaṃspārśinaḥ śabdāḥ . puruṣa doṣānuṣaṅgakṛta evāyāṃ viplavaḥ ..

1.3.106

nanu ! āptairevaṃvidhavākyāprayoge'pi sandigdho vyatirekaḥ— kiṃ śabdānāṃ tadṛśasvabhāvābhāvādayathārthapratyayānutpādaḥ ? uta vaktṛdoṣābhāvāditi . naitadevam—

1.3.107

anuccaritaśabdo'pi puruṣo vipralaṃbhakaḥ .
hastasaṃjñādyupāyena janayatyeva viplavam .. 42 ..

1.3.108

na ca hastasaṃjñādinā śabdānumānam, tatkṛtaśca viplava iti vaktavyam; itthamapratīteḥ . utpanne ca kvacinnadyādivākyādvijñāne taraṅgiṇītīramanusarannanāsāditaphalaḥ pravṛttabādhakapratyayaḥ puruṣamevā-

1.3.109

dṛṣṭāntatayeti—nirarthakavākyadṛṣṭāntatayā'nuvādamātramityarthaḥ . na syāditi—arthaparatve siddhe nirarthakavākyaniṣedhanadṛṣṭhāntatā kathamityarthaḥ . bhūtale ghaṭo nāstītyādāvapi khalu bhūtale ghaṭaḥ ityetāvān bhāgaḥ na svaparaḥ, kintu niṣedhyasamarpaṇaparaḥ ..

1.3.110

pūrvaṃ 415 pu doṣavato'pi puruṣasya mūkādeḥ ityuktaṃ anyathayan puruṣaguṇadoṣayoreva śabdānāṃ arthāvyabhicāravyabhicārayornidānamityāha— anuccaritetyādi ..

1.3.111

tatkṛtaḥ—śabdakṛtaḥ . tathā ca śabdasyaivāyaṃ doṣaḥ, na puruṣasyeti bhāvaḥ . itthamapratīteḥ . ceṣṭātaḥ śabdānumānānanubhavāt . taddhetorevataddhetutve madhye kiṃ tena, iti nyāyena arthānumānasyaiva nyāyyatvāt . athavā itthaṃ—śabdadoṣatvenetyarthaḥ . asminnarthe anubhavamāha—utpannepīti ..

1.3.112

ṣikṣipati—dhik ! hā ! tena durātmanā vipralabdho'smi iti . na śabdam . prāptaphalaśca pumāṃsameva ślāghate sādhu sādhunā tenopadiṣṭam iti . ataḥ puruṣadoṣānvayānuvidhānāt puruṣadoṣakṛta eva śabdādviplavaḥ, na svarūpanibandhanaḥ . tadabhāvakṛta eva āpteṣu tūṣṇīmātīneṣu vibhramānutpāda iti na sandigdho vyatirekaḥ ..

1.3.113

nanu ! puruṣadoṣāstatra kiṃ kuryuḥ ! puruṣasya hi guṇavato doṣavato vā śabdoccāraṇamātra eva vyāpāraḥ . tataḥ paraṃ tu kāryaṃ śabdāyattameveti tatsvarūpakṛta evāyaṃ vibhramaḥ ..

1.3.114

hanta ! tarhi vaktari guṇavati sati saritastīre phalāni santi iti samyakpratyaye'pi śabdasyaiva vyāpārāt puruṣasyoccāraṇamātre caritārthatvānnaikāstataḥ śabdasyārthāsaṃsparśitvameva svabhāvaḥ . yuktaṃcaitadeva—yaddīpavatprakāśatvamātrameva śabdasya svarūpam; na yathārthatvamayathārthatvaṃ vā . viparīte'pyarthe dīpasya prakāśatvānativṛtteḥ . ayaṃ tu viśeṣaḥ—pradīpe vyutpattinirapekṣameva prakāśatvam, śabdasya tu vyutpattyapekṣamiti . prakāśātmanastu śabdasya vaktṛguṇadoṣādhīne

1.3.115

sādhuḥ—ṛjumatiḥ . āpteṣu tūṣṇīmāsīneṣu iti śabdavyatirekopapādanārtham ..

1.3.116

kiṃ kuryuḥ ? ityasyaiva vivaraṇaṃ—puruṣasyetyādi . jñānasya pramātvatadabhāvau hi karaṇasvarūpādhīnau . śābdabodhe ca karaṇaṃ śabda eva . tataśca pramātvatadabhāvau tadadhīnāveva vaktavyau . puruṣaguṇadoṣau tatra kiṃ kuryāstām ? na hi dāhaheturagniḥ prayojakapuruṣānuguṇaṃ vyatyasyati iti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.117

vaktarītyādi . ayamāśayaḥ—satyaṃ karaṇādhīnāveva tau . parantu puruṣadoṣāt karaṇamapi duṣṭaṃ bhavatyeva . na hi etāni karaṇāni svatantrāṇi . cakṣurādāvapi hi tulyaiva rītiḥ . ataḥ bodhajanane śabdānāṃ sāmye'pi, pramātvatadabhāvau asvayavyatirekābhyāṃ vaktṛguṇadoṣādhīnau iti śabdānāṃ ārthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ na svabhāvakṛtam ..

1.3.118

yathārthetaratve . ata evāṅguliśikharādhikaraṇakareṇuśatavacasi bādhite'pi punaḥ punaruccāryamāṇe bhavati vibhramaḥ; prakāśatvarūpānapāyāt . na tveṣa śabdasya doṣaḥ ..

1.3.119

padārthānāṃ tu saṃsargamasamīkṣya prajalpataḥ .
vaktureva pramādo'yaṃ na śabdo'trāparādhyati .. 43 ..

1.3.120

taduktam—pramāṇāntaradarśanamatra bādhyate, na punarhastiyūthaśatamiti śābdo'nvayaḥ . puruṣo hi svadarśanaṃ śabdena pareṣāṃ prakāśayati . tatra taddarśanaṃ ce dduṣṭaṃ, duṣṭaḥ śābdapratyayaḥ . aduṣṭaṃ cet, aduṣṭa iti guṇavataḥ puruṣasyāduṣṭaṃ darśanaṃ bhavati, doṣavato duṣṭamiti . adṛṣṭvā'pi vastu yadupadiśyate so'pi buddhidoṣa eva . tasmāt puruṣagataguṇadoṣānvayavyatirekānuvidhāyitvāt tatkṛte eva śabdayathārthatvāyathārthatve . taduktam—tattvamapi bhavati vitathamapi bhavati iti ..

1.3.121

tenābhidhātṛdaurātmyakṛteyamayathārthatā .
pratyayasyeti śabdānāṃ nārthāsaṃsparśitā svataḥ .. 44 ..

1.3.122

yā tu jātyādiśabdārthaparākaraṇavartmanā .
arthāsaṃsparśitā proktā, sā purastānniṣetsyate .. 45 ..

1.3.123

pramāṇatvaṃ tu śabdasya kathamityatra vastuni .
jaiminīyairayaṃ tāvatpīṭhabandho vidhīyate .. 46 ..

1.3.124

prāmāṇyamaprāmāṇyaṃ vā sarvavijñānagocaraḥ .
svato vā parato veti prathamaṃ pradhivicyatām .. 47 ..

1.3.125

pramāṇāntaraṃ—śabdaprayogahetubhūtaṃ pratyakṣādi . arthaṃ budhvā hi śabdaracanā ..

1.3.126

niṣetsyate—pañcamāhnike jātisamarthanādibhiḥ ..

1.3.127

śabdasya vastuni pramāṇatvaṃ—ityanvayaḥ . athavā, ityatra vastuni— ityasmin viṣaye . prāmāṇyamiti . sarvavijñānaviṣayaṃ idaṃ tāvatparīkṣyatām . prāmāṇyavicāraprasaṅgasamarthanam—tatra pakṣabhedāśca nanu ! śabdaprāmāṇyacintāvasare sakalapramāṇaprāmāṇyavicārasya kaḥ prasaṅgaḥ ? na svātantryeṇa parīkṣaṇam, apitu tadarthameva, samānamārgatvāt . yathā'nyeṣāṃ svataḥ parato vā prāmāṇyaṃ, tathā śabdasyāpi bhaviṣyatīti . na hi tasya svarūpamiva prāmāṇyamapi tadvisadṛśamiti .. taducyate—kiṃ vijñānānāṃ prāmāṇyaprāmāṇyaṃ ceti dvayamapi svataḥ ? uta tadubhayamapi parataḥ ? āhosvidaprāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ, prāmāṇyaṃ tu parataḥ ? uta svit prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ, aprāmāṇyaṃ tu parataḥ ? iti .. tatra sāṃkhyamatadūṣaṇam tatra dvayamapi svata iti tāvadasāṃpratam, pravṛttasya visaṃvādadarśanāt . yadi hi prāmāṇyamitaradvā svata eva jñānasya gamyeta, tarhi śuktau rajatajñānaṃ pramāṇatayā vā pratipannam ? anyathā vā ? pramāṇatvāpramāṇatve svataḥ kiṃ parato'thavā ? iti ślo. vā-coda-33 bhaṭṭavākyaṃ atra smaraṇīyam ..

1.3.128

tadarthameveti . vedaprāmāṇyasaṃrakṣaṇamevāsya śāstrasya paramaṃ prayojanamiti upakrame pu. 7 uktamapi smartavyam . kimityādi . ādyaḥ pakṣaḥ sāṃkhyānām . dvitīyaḥ siddhāntināṃ . tṛtīyaḥ saugatānām . caturthaḥ mīmāṃsakānām ..

1.3.129

prāmāṇyasya svatastvaparatastvakoṭyoḥ utpattijñaptibhede'nāpi bhedaḥ . prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ utpadyate, svataḥ jñāyate ca; evaṃ parataḥ utpadyate, parataḥ jñāyate ca iti . jñānotpādakasāmagrayaiva prāmāṇyamapi jñāne utpadyate iti uptattau svatastvam . jñānagrāhakasāmagnayaiva prāmāṇyamapi gṛhyate iti jñaptau svatastvam . evaṃ jñānasāmānyasāmāgcyapekṣayā viśiṣṭasāmagryā prāmāṇyaṃ utpadyate iti utpattau paratastvam, jñānagrāhakasāmagryatiriktasāmagryaiva prāmāṇyaṃ gṛhyata iti jñaptau paratastvam ..

1.3.130

dvayamapi svata iti . ayaṃ bhāvaḥ sāṃkhyānāṃ—vṛttereva viṣayākāreṇa pariṇāmāt tasya ca bhramapramāsthale tulyatvāt ubhayapi svata eveti ..

1.3.131

pramāṇatvaparicchittauviṣaṃvadati tatkatham ?
aprāmāṇyagṛhītauvā tasmin kasmāt pravartate ? .. 48 ..

1.3.132

etena tṛtīyo'pi pakṣaḥ pratyuktaḥ—yadapramāṇyaṃ svataḥ, prāmāṇyaṃ tu parata iti . svato hyaprāmāṇye niścite pravṛttirna prāpnotīti . kiñca aprāmāṇyamutpattau karaṇadoṣāpekṣam . niścaye bādhakajñānāpekṣam . tat kathaṃ svatobhavitumarhati ?

1.3.133

yacca aprāmāṇyamavastutvānna syāt kāraṇadoṣataḥ ślovā. 1-1-2-39 iti kaiściducyate, tadapi yatkiñcit . saṃśayaviparyayātmanaḥ apramāṇasya vastutvāttadgatamaprāmāṇyamapi vastveveti . paratastu prāmāṇyaṃ yathā nāvakalpate, tathā vistareṇocyate ..

1.3.134

evañcāyaṃ dvayamapi parata iti dvitīyapakṣapratikṣepo'pi bhaviṣyati . arthatathātvaprakāśakaṃ hi pramāṇamityuktam . tasya svaprameyāvyabhicāritvaṃ nāma prāmāṇyam . ataśca parāpekṣāyāṃ satyāṃ hi parata iti kathayitumucitam . na cāsya parāpekṣā kvacidvidyate ..

1.3.135

sā hi bhavantī utpattau vā syāt ? svakāryakaraṇe vā ? prāmāṇyaniścaye vā ? utpattau—kārakasvarūpamātrāpekṣā ?

1.3.136

aprāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ—aprāmāṇyaṃ hi prāmāṇyābhāvaḥ, abhāvastu nirupākhyaḥ na kāraṇajanyaḥ . prāmāṇyaṃ tu guṇa-saṃvāda-arthakriyādyadhīnamiti yuktaṃ parataḥ . etena ityasyaiva vivaraṇaṃ—svato hītyādi ..

1.3.137

ucyate—anūdyate . paratasttviti . saugatasammatamiti śeṣaḥ .

1.3.138

mīmāṃsakaḥ pratyavatiṣṭhate—evañceti . svakāryaṃ—arthaprakāśanarūpaṃ pramāṇaphalam . prathamakalpe'pi vikalpaṃ pradarśayati kāraketyādi ..

1.3.139

tadatiriktatadgataguṇāpekṣā vā ? kārakasvarūpamātrāpekṣāyāṃ siddhasādhyatvam . asatsu kārakeṣu kāryasya jñānasyātmalābhābhāvāt kasya prāmāṇyamaprāmāṇyaṃ vā cintyate ?

1.3.140

kārakātiriktatadadhikaraṇaguṇāpekṣaṇaṃ tu durghaṭam . aprāmāṇikatvena kāraṇaguṇānāmākāśakuśeśayasadṛśavapuṣāṃ apekṣaṇīyatvābhāvāt ..

1.3.141

na kāraṇaguṇagrāhi pratyakṣamupapadyate .
cakṣurādeḥ parokṣatvāt pratyakṣāstadguṇāḥ katham ? .. 49 ..

1.3.142

liṅgaṃ cādṛṣṭasambandhaṃ na teṣāmanumāpakam .
yathā'rthabuddhisiddhistu nirdoṣādeva kārakāt .. 50 ..

1.3.143

yadi hi yathā'rthatvāyathā'rthatvarūpadvayarahitaṃ kiñcit upalabdhyākhyaṃ kāryaṃ bhavet, tataḥ kāryatraividhyāt kāraṇatraividhyamavaśyamavasīyeta—yathā'rthopalabdheḥ guṇavatkārakaṃ kārakaṃ, ayathā' rthopalabdheḥ doṣakaluṣaṃ kārakaṃ kārakam, ubhayarahitāyāstu tasyāḥ svarūpāvasthitameva kārakaṃ kārakamiti . na tvevamasti . dvividhaiva khalviyamupalabdhiḥ—yathā'rthatvayathā'rthatvabhedena ..

1.3.144

siddhasādhyatvaṃ—asyaivāsmatsammatasvatastvarūpatvāt . ātmālābhaḥ— utpattiḥ ..

1.3.145

parokṣatvāt—atīndriyatvāt . nanu jñānasāmānyasāmagrīmātrādhīnaṃ yadi prāmāṇyaṃ, tarhi apramāyāmapi sāmānyasāmagryāḥ sattvāt tadapi svata eva syādityatrāha—yathārtheti . tathā ca doṣāḥ aprāmāṇyajñāne viśeṣasāmagrī, ato na tat svataḥ . doṣābhāvamātrādeva sāmānyasāmagrī pramājaniketi na doṣaḥ ..

1.3.146

kāryatraividhyaṃ viśadayati—yathārthopalabdherityādi ..

1.3.147

tatrāyathā'rthopalabdhistāvadduṣṭakārakakāryaiva dṛṣṭā ..

1.3.148

dṛṣṭaḥ kuṭilakumbhādisaṃbhavo duṣṭakāraṇāt .
tathā mānāntarajñātāttimirāderdvicandradhīḥ .. 51 ..

1.3.149

ayathā'rthopalabdhau ca duṣṭakārakakāryatvena siddhāyāmidānīṃ tṛtīyakāryābhāvāt yathā'rthopalabdhiḥ svarūpāvasthitebhya eva kārakebhyo'vakalpata iti na guṇakalpanāyai prabhavati ..

1.3.150

anumāne ca yaiva pakṣadharmānvayādisāmagrī jñānasya janikā saiva prāmāṇyakāraṇatvena dṛṣṭā . na ca svarūpasthitāni kāraṇāni kāryajanmanyudāsata eva, yena yathā'rthopalabdhijanena teṣāṃ guṇakāritā kalpyetetyato na santi kāraṇaguṇāḥ ..

1.3.151

nairmalyavyapadeśastu locanādeḥ kācakāmalādidoṣāpāyanibandhana eva, na svarūpātiriktaguṇakutaḥ . añjanādyupayogo'pi doṣanirharaṇāyaiva, na guṇajanmane .. tasmādavitathā saṃvit svarūpasthitahetujā . doṣādhikaistu taireva janyate viparītadhīḥ .. 52 ..

1.3.152

nanu jñānadvaividhyāt sāmagrīdvaividhyamāvaśyakameveti, asmadiṣṭasiddhireveti śaṃkāyāṃ āha—tatreti . duṣṭakāraṇāt—kulālahastadoṣādirūpāt . guṇasadbhāve pramāṇābhāvasyopapāditatvāt, tadvailakṣaṇyārthaṃ mānāntarajñātāditi ..

1.3.153

guṇakalpanāyai—yathārthopalabdhikāraṇatvena guṇarūpasyātiriktakāraṇāmumānāya . guṇakāritā—guṇakāryatā ..

1.3.154

nanu nirmalaṃ cakṣureva pramājanakaṃ dṛṣṭam . ataśca doṣābhāva eva pramāyā atiriktā sāmagrī siddhetyatrāha—nairmalyeti . tathā ca doṣābhāvādiḥ karaṇasvarūpasaṃrakṣaṇamātropayogī, na tvatiriktātiśayajanam iti guṇānāṃ na pramāhetutvasiddhiḥ ..

1.3.155

ata evāpramāṇatvaṃ parato'bhyupagamyate .
janmanyapekṣate doṣān bādhakaṃ ca svaniścaye .. 53 ..

1.3.156

tasmānnotpattau guṇāpekṣaṃ pramāṇam ..

1.3.157

nāpi svakāryakaraṇe kiñcidapekṣate; arthaprakāśanasvabhāvasyaiva tasya svahetorutpādāt . arthaprakāśanameva ca pramāṇakāryam, pravṛttyādeḥ puruṣecchānibandhanatvāt .. naiva vā jāyate jñānaṃ jāyate vā prakāśakam . arthaprakāśane kiñcit na tūtpannamapekṣate .. 54 .. tathā coktam—

1.3.158

mṛddaṇḍacakrasūtrādi ghaṭo janmanyapekṣate .
udakāharaṇe tvasya tadapekṣā na vidyate iti ..

1.3.159

athavā—

1.3.160

sāpekṣatvaṃ ghaṭasyāpi salilāharaṇaṃ prati .
yatkiñcidasti, na tvevaṃ pramāṇasyopapadyate .. 55 ..

1.3.161

na ca svagrahaṇāpekṣaṃ jñānamarthaprakāśakam .
tasminnanavabuddhe'pi tatsiddheścakṣurādivat .. 56 ..

1.3.162

apekṣate . pramāṇajñānamiti śeṣaḥ . jñānasya svarūpameva hi tādṛśaṃ, ataḥ tatra na kāraṇāntaropekṣā ..

1.3.163

nanu jñānasya paramaṃ phalaṃ pravṛttirvā, nivṛttirvā . tacca pramāṇenaiva bhavitumarhati . na hi jñānasāmānyāt puruṣaḥ pravartate iti asti doṣābhāvasyāpyapekṣetyatrāha—pravṛttyāderiti . naiveti . jātaṃ jñānaṃ arthaprakāśarūpameva jāyeta, athavā na jāyetaiva . tasmādutpannaṃ jñānamarthaprakāśane na svarūpasāmagrayatiriktakāraṇāntaramapekṣate . tadapekṣā—kārakāntarāpekṣā ..

1.3.164

nanu tarhi puruṣavyāpāramantarā'pi ghaṭaḥ udakamāharet iti śaṅkāyāmāha— athaveti . ghaṭasya jahatvāt asti jalāharaṇe puruṣādyapekṣā . jñānaṃ tu svataḥ arthaprakāśanasamarthaṃ tatra na kāraṇāntaramapekṣate . na cāntataḥ jñānaṃ svayaṃ gṛhītameva arthaprakāśakamiti, tatrāsti kāraṇāntarāpekṣeti vācyam, jñānagrahaṇamantarā'pi viṣayabhānopapatteḥ . bhāṭṭaistayāṅgīkārāt . prakaraṇaṃ sarvamidaṃ ślokavārtika uktaṃ ca—na hyajñāte'rthe kaścidvuddhimupalabhate . jñāte tvanumānādavagacchati śā-bhā-1-1-5 iti . tasmāt svakāryakaraṇe'pi na svagrahaṇāpekṣaṃ pramāṇam .. prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ na svarūpasāmagryatiriktakāraṇādhīnaḥ nāpi prāmāṇyaniścaye kiñcidapekṣate; apekṣaṇīyābhāvāt . tathā hi—asya kāraṇaguṇajñānādvā prāmāṇyaniścayo bhavet ? bādhakābhāvajñānādvā ? saṃvādādvā ? na tāvatkāraṇaguṇajñānāt; kāraṇaguṇānāmidānīmeva nirastatvāt .. guṇajñānasyāsaṃbhāvaḥ api ca na kāraṇaguṇajñānamindriyakaraṇakam; atīndriyakārakādhikaraṇatvena parokṣatvādguṇānām . apitūpalabdhyākhyakāryapariśuddhisamadhigamyaṃ guṇasvarūpam . apravṛttasya ca pramāturna kāryapariśuddhirbhavati . tannedānīṃ prāmāṇyaniścayapūrvikā pravṛttirbhavet . anyathā vā'niścitaprāmāṇyādeva jñānāt pravṛttisiddhau kiṃ paścāttanniścayena prayojanam ? niścitaprāmāṇyāttu pravṛttau duratikramaḥ cakrakakrakacapātaḥ—pravṛttau satyāṃ kāryapariśuddhigrahaṇam, kāryapariśuddhigrahaṇāt kāraṇaguṇāvagatiḥ, kāraṇaguṇāvagateḥ prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ, prāmāṇyaniścayāt pravṛttiriti .. vivaraṇarūpaṃ avagantavyam . vistarabhayāt ślokā nodāhriyante . ajñāte'rtha iti . tathāca jñānāgrahe'pi arthagraho bhavitumarhatyeva ..

1.3.165

kāryapariśuddhisamadhigamyaṃ—jñānaprāmāṇyaniścayānumeyam . apravṛttasyeti . saphalapravṛttijanakatvāt khalu prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ . idanīṃ— arthaprakāśādhīnapravṛttisamaye . etatpravṛttyanantaraṃ, phalaprāptyā jñānasya prāmāṇyamanumāya, taddhetutayā guṇaḥ anumeya iti guṇajñānaṃ kutra upayujyata iti bhāvaḥ . anyathā vā ityasyaivavivaraṇaṃ aniścitetyādi ..

1.3.166

nāpi bādhakābhāvaparicchedāt prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ . sa hi tātkāliko vā syāt ? kālāntarabhāvī vā ?

1.3.167

tātkāliko na paryāptaḥ prāmāṇyapariniścaye .

1.3.168

kūṭakārṣāpaṇādau kiñcitkālamanutpannabādhake'pi kālāntare tadutpādadarśanāt ..

1.3.169

sarvadā tadabhāvastu nāsarvajñasya gocaraḥ .. 57 ..

1.3.170

atha saṃvādātprāmāṇyaniścaya ucyate ? tarhyucyatām—ko'yaṃ saṃvādo nāma ? kiṃ uttaraṃ tadviṣayaṃ jñānamātram ? utārthāntarajñānam ? āho svidarthakriyājñānamiti ?

1.3.171

ādye pakṣe kaḥ pūrvottarajñānayorviśeṣaḥ, yat uttarajñānasaṃvādāt pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ jñānaṃ prāmāṇyamaśnuvīta ?

1.3.172

api cottarasaṃvādāt pūrvapūrvapramāṇatām .
vadanto nādhigaccheyurantaṃ yugaśatairapi .. 58 ..

1.3.173

sudūramapi gatvā tu prāmāṇyaṃ yadi kasya cit .
svata evābhidhīyet ko dveṣaḥ prathamaṃ prati .. 59 ..

1.3.174

yadāha—kasya cittu yadīṣyeta svata eva pramāṇatā . prathamasya tathābhāve vidveṣaḥ kiṃnibandhanaḥ .. ślo. vā. coda—76 iti ..

1.3.175

athānyaviṣayajñānamanyasya saṃvāda ucyate—tadayuktam— adaśanāt . na hi stambhajñānaṃ kumbhajñānasya saṃvādaḥ ..

1.3.176

kālāntara iti . tathācetādṛśabādhakajñānābhāvaḥ aprayojakaḥ ..

1.3.177

kaḥ viśeṣa iti . tadidaṃ andhenāndhāya mārgadarśanatulyamiti bhāvaḥ ..

1.3.178

athārthakriyājñānasaṃvādātprathamasya pravartakasya jñānasya prāmāṇyamiṣyate, tadapi hyanavasitaprāmāṇyaṃ kathamādimasya prāmāṇyamavagamayet ? kaścārthakriyājñānasya pūrvasmādviśeṣaḥ, yadetadāyattastasya prāmāṇyādhigamaḥ . arthakriyājñānatvameva viśeṣa iti cet, kila salilajñānamādyamavidyamāne'pi payasi pūṣadīdhitiṣu pravartakaṃ dṛṣṭamiti na bhavati visraṃbhabhūmiḥ ..

1.3.179

idaṃ punararthakriyāsaṃvedanaṃ ambumadhyavartinaḥ pānāvagāhanādiviṣayamudetītyanavadhāritavyabhicāritayā tatprāmāṇyaniścayāya kalpata iti—tadasat—svapne pānāvagāhanasyāpi vyabhicāropalabdheḥ ..

1.3.180

kiñca caramadhātuvisargo'pi svapne sīmantinīmantareṇa bhavatīti mahāneṣa vyabhicāraḥ ..

1.3.181

atha rāgodrekanimittatvena pittādidhātuvikṛtinibandhanatvena vā tadvisargasya na svasādhanavyabhicāra ityucyate—tadasamañjasam— asakṛdanubhūtayuvatipariraṃbhādyanvayavyatirekānuvidhāyitvena tatkāryatvāvadhāraṇāt ..

1.3.182

arthakriyetyādi . vastunaḥ arthakriyākāritvaṃ svarūpataḥ na prāmāṇyaniścayahetuḥ, kintu tanniścaya eva . tatra ca prāmāṇyaṃ kena nirṇītam ? viśeṣaḥ—prāmāṇyasvarūpāṃśe . etadāyattaḥ—arthakriyājñānādhīnaḥ . kila iti granthakāraśailī . pravartakamiti . jñānasya phalaṃ pravṛttirityanupadamuktam ..

1.3.183

nedṛśamarthakriyākāritvaṃ vivakṣitamiti śaṅkate—idaṃ punariti . etādṛśaṃ tvityarthaḥ ..

1.3.184

nanu bhavaduktaṃ pānādipratibhāsamātraṃ, na tu pānādikam . na hi svāpnajalāvagāhanena śarīraṃ ārdra bhavatītiśaṅkāyāṃ, tatrāpi dṛṣṭāntamāha—kiñceti tatkāryatvaṃ—yuvatipariraṃbhakāryatvam . caramadhātuvisargasyeti śeṣaḥ ..

1.3.185

tasmādarthakriyājñānavyabhicārāvadhāraṇāt .
tatprāmāṇyaparīkṣāyāmanavasthā na śāmyati .. 60 ..

1.3.186

athavā''ptaphalatvena kiṃ tatprāmāṇyacintayā ?
prathame'pi pravṛttatvāt kiṃ tatprāmāṇyacintayā ? .. 61 ..

1.3.187

na cedamarthakriyājñānamapravṛttasya puṃsassamudbhavati . tatra prāmāṇyāvadhāraṇapūrvikāyāṃ pravṛttau kāraṇaguṇaniśceyaprāmāṇyacarcābaddhacakrakakrakacacodyaprasaṅgastadavastha eva ..

1.3.188

aniścitaprāmāṇyasya tu pravṛttau paścāttannirṇayo bhavannapi kṛtakṣaurasya nakṣatraparīkṣāvat aphala evetyuktam ..

1.3.189

tataitatsyāt—dvividhā hi pravṛttiḥ—ādyā ca, ābhyāsikī ca . tatrādyā yathā—vinihitasalilāvasiktamasṛṇamṛdi śarāve śālyādibījaśaktiparīkṣaṇāya katipayabījakaṇāvāparūpā . tatastatra teṣāmaṅkarakaraṇakauśalamavikalamavalokayantaḥ kīvāśā niśśaṅkaṃ kedāreṣu tāni bījānyāvapantīti seyamābhyāsikī pravṛttiḥ . evamihāpi prathamaparīkṣitapramāṇabhāvādeva jñānātkutaścitkaścidvipaścidapi vyavaharaṃstadvyavahāra parastattatphalajñāne tasya prāmāṇyabhavagacchan punastathāvidhe jāte sati sukhameva pravṛttyādikaṃ vyavahārabhaśaṅkitakāluṣyaḥ kariṣyatīti na sarvātmanā vaiyarthyamiti ..

Commentaries (1)

Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga — Cakradhara, Sanskrit

Linked texts (7)

Nyāyaratnamālā — Pārthasārathi Miśra, Sanskrit
With Śaṅkara's bhāṣya (Sansknet input) — Sanskrit
Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team — Sanskrit
Pramāṇavārttika (ed. Rāhula Sāṅkṛtyāyana) — Sanskrit
Nyāyacandrikā — Ānandapūrṇa Vidyāsāgara, Sanskrit
Nyāyacandrikā — Gaṅgādhara, Sanskrit
Vidhirasāyana — Appayya Dīkṣita 1560, Sanskrit