Nyāya Sūtras 7.5

7.5

kiṃ punar atropamānena kriyate? yadā khalv ayaṃ gavā samānadharmaṃ pratipadyate tadā pratyakṣatas tam arthaṃ pratipadyata iti, samākhyāsambandhapratipattir upamānārtha ity āha/ yathā gaur evaṃ gavaya ity upamāne prayukte gavā samānadharmam artham indriyārthasannikarṣād upalabhamāno 'sya gavayaśabdaḥ saṃjñeti saṃjñāsaṃjñisambandhaṃ pratipadyata iti/

What, again, is accomplished here by analogy? When one indeed apprehends that it shares common properties with a cow, one then apprehends that object by perception—so [the opponent] says that the purpose of analogy is the apprehension of the connection with a name. When the analogy "As is a cow, so is a gavaya" has been employed, [a person], apprehending an object that shares common properties with a cow through contact between sense organ and object, apprehends the relation between name and named: "The word 'gavaya' is the name of this."