The Bud of Nyāya 1.12

1.12

vaktavye ghaṭe nityatvāmūrtatve na staḥ ityavyatirekaḥ | sādhanābhāve sādhyābhāvakathanaṃ viparītavyatirekaḥ | ko'yandoṣa iti
cet kathanna doṣaḥ | hetoḥ prayojakatvamevoktaṃ na syāt | tataśca
yatra dhūmo nāsti tatrāgnirapi nāstīti kathyamāne tadanirvāhāt
dhūmasya hetutvanna hīyate | tasmāt sādhyābhāvahetvabhāvo vaktavyaḥ | yatrāgnibordernāsti tatra dhūmo'pi nāstīti
sādharmyavaidharmyodāharaṇānusāreṇa tatheti na tatheti vā sādhyadharmiṇi hetorupasaṃhāra upanayaḥ | yatkṛtakanta tadanityaṃ dṛṣṭam yathā ghaṭa
iti sādharmyodāharaṇe tathā ca kṛtakaḥ śabda iti upanayaḥ | yadanityanna bhavati tat kṛtakamapi na bhavati yathākāśamiti vaidharmyodāharaṇe na ca tathā'kṛtakaḥ śabda iti upanayaḥ | upanayamantareṇa dṛṣṭānte darśitaśaktirheturdharmiṇi na yojitaḥ syāt | hetuvacanena
hi tatra dharmavacanaṃ nirdiṣṭamiti | upanayābhāsastu vacanadoṣādeva | tathepi sthāne na tatheti-na tatheti sthāne vā tatheti vacanamupanayābhāsaḥ
dvividhe hetau dvividhe ca dṛṣṭānte dvividhe copanaye tulyameva
hetvapadeśena punaḥ sādharmyopasaṃharaṇānnigamanam
ta ime pratijñādayo nigamanāntāḥ pañcāvayavāḥ svapratipattivat parapratipattimutpādayatumicchatā yathānirdiṣṭakramakāḥ prayo
ktavyāḥ
etadeva sādhanavākyaṃ parārthānumānamācakṣate | so'yamparamo
nyāya iti pṛthagucyate | tatra sādharmyeṇa prayujyamānaṃ tāvadīdṛśaṃ sādhanavākyaṃ bhavati | anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāt-yat kṛtakaṃ
tadanityaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ yathā ghaṭaḥ-tathā ca kṛtakaḥśabdaḥ-tasmāt kṛtakattvādanityamiti | vaidharmyeṇa tu-anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāt