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Viyahapannatti 24

English (machine translation) 24

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English

Contents

24.1.835

1. Rebirth, 2. quantity, 3–4. skeletal structure and height, 5. configuration,
6. lesyā, 7. worldview, 8. knowledge [and] ignorance, 9. activity, 10. cognitive application,

24.1.836

11. instinctive notion, 12. passion, 13. sense-organ, 14. transmigration burst, 15. sensation, and 16. gender,
17. lifespan, 18. mental state, 19. duration of consequence, [and] 20. embodiment-transition.

24.1.837

In each state of existence, there is an uddeśaka on the souls in the framework of the twenty-four categories of beings;
in the twenty-fourth śataka, there are twenty-four uddeśakas.

24.1.838

At Rājagṛha […] he said thus: “From where, Venerable Sir, do inhabitants of hell take birth? Do they take birth from inhabitants of hell? Do they take birth from animals? Do they take birth from humans? Do they take birth from gods?”
“Gautama, they do not take birth from inhabitants of hell; they take birth from animals, and they also take birth from humans; they do not take birth from gods.”
“If they take birth from animals, do they take birth from one-sensed animals up to five-sensed animals?”
“Gautama, they do not take birth from one-sensed animals, nor from two-sensed, nor from three-sensed, nor from four-sensed; they take birth from five-sensed animals.”
“If they take birth from five-sensed animals, do they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals or from non-sentient five-sensed animals?”
“Gautama, they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals, and they also take birth from non-sentient five-sensed animals.”
“If they take birth from non-sentient five-sensed animals, do they take birth from aquatic animals? Do they take birth from terrestrial animals? Do they take birth from aerial animals?”
“Gautama, they take birth from aquatic animals, they also take birth from terrestrial animals, and they also take birth from aerial animals.”
“If they take birth from aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial animals, do they take birth from developable ones or from undevelopable ones?”
“Gautama, they take birth from developable ones, not from undevelopable ones.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell—in how many earths, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, he might take birth in one, the Ratnaprabhā earth.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among the inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, he might take birth with a lifespan duration of at minimum ten thousand years, at maximum an innumerableth part of a palyopama.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment?”
“Gautama, at minimum one or two or three; at maximum numerable or innumerable take birth.”
“Of what bone-joint structure, Venerable Sir, are the bodies of those souls taught to be?”
“Gautama, they are taught to have the sevārta bone-joint structure.”
“How great a bodily dimension, Venerable Sir, is taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, at minimum an innumerableth part of a finger-breadth, at maximum a thousand yojanas.”
“Of what bodily configuration, Venerable Sir, are the bodies of those souls taught to be?”
“Gautama, they are taught to have the huṇḍaka bodily configuration.”
“How many lesyās, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, three lesyās are taught, namely: black lesyā, blue lesyā, and grey lesyā.”
“Are those souls, Venerable Sir, of right view, wrong view, or right-and-wrong view?”
“Gautama, they are not of right view; they are of wrong view; they are not of right-and-wrong view.”
“Are those souls, Venerable Sir, knowing or unknowing?”
“Gautama, they are not knowing; they are unknowing; invariably possessing two kinds of unknowing, namely: mind-unknowing and scriptural-unknowing.”
“Do those souls, Venerable Sir, possess mental activity, vocal activity, or bodily activity?”
“Gautama, they do not possess mental activity; they possess vocal activity and also bodily activity.”
“Are those souls, Venerable Sir, engaged in determinate cognition or indeterminate cognition?”
“Gautama, they are engaged in determinate cognition and also in indeterminate cognition.”
“How many notions, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, four notions are taught, namely: notion of food, notion of fear, notion of sexual coupling, and notion of possessiveness.”
“How many passions, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, four passions are taught, namely: anger-passion, pride-passion, deceit-passion, and greed-passion.”
“How many sense organs, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, five sense organs are taught, namely: auditory sense organ up to tactile sense organ.”
“How many extensions, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, three extensions are taught, namely: pain-extension, passion-extension, and death-extension.”
“Do those souls, Venerable Sir, experience pleasant feeling or unpleasant feeling?”
“Gautama, they experience pleasant feeling and also unpleasant feeling.”
“Do those souls, Venerable Sir, experience female gender, male gender, or neuter gender?”
“Gautama, they do not experience female gender, nor male gender; they experience neuter gender.”
“For how long a lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, are those souls taught to live?”
“Gautama, at minimum an antarmuhūrta, at maximum a pūrvakoṭī.”
“How many states of volition, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, innumerable states of volition are taught.”
“Are they, Venerable Sir, auspicious or inauspicious?”
“Gautama, they are auspicious and also inauspicious.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, does one remain as that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal?”
“Gautama, at minimum an antarmuhūrta, at maximum a pūrvakoṭī.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, as an inhabitant of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth, and once again as a developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, spend time? For how long a time might he make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus a pūrvakoṭī; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a minimum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? In this way the entire exposition is to be spoken without remainder, up to continuity.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, as an inhabitant of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a minimum lifespan duration, and once again as a developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, spend time? For how long a time might he make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum a pūrvakoṭī plus ten thousand years; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a maximum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is just the same up to continuity.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, as an inhabitant of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a maximum lifespan duration, and once again as a developable non-sentient five-sensed animal, spend time? For how long a time might he make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus a pūrvakoṭī; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, at maximum with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is just the same, except these three differences: lifespan, states of volition, and continuity. At minimum lifespan duration is an antarmuhūrta, at maximum also an antarmuhūrta.”
“How many states of volition, Venerable Sir, are taught for those souls?”
“Gautama, innumerable states of volition are taught.”
“Are they, Venerable Sir, auspicious or inauspicious?”
“Gautama, they are not auspicious; they are inauspicious. Continuity is an antarmuhūrta; the rest is just the same.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, in Ratnaprabhā […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus an antarmuhūrta; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a minimum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is just the same; those same three differences up to—”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, as an inhabitant of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a minimum lifespan duration, once again […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, and at maximum also ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a maximum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is just the same; those same three differences up to—”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a minimum lifespan duration, in the Ratnaprabhā with a maximum lifespan duration […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus an antarmuhūrta, and at maximum also an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus an antarmuhūrta; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, at maximum with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is to be understood just as in the general case, except these two differences: lifespan duration at minimum a pūrvakoṭī, at maximum also a pūrvakoṭī; likewise also continuity; the rest is just the same.”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, in Ratnaprabhā […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum a pūrvakoṭī plus ten thousand years, at maximum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus a pūrvakoṭī; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a minimum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is just the same, as in the seventh case, up to—”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, in Ratnaprabhā with a minimum lifespan duration […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum a pūrvakoṭī plus ten thousand years, and at maximum also a pūrvakoṭī plus ten thousand years; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration.”
“A developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, who is fit to take birth among inhabitants of hell in the Ratnaprabhā earth with a maximum lifespan duration—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, might he take birth?”
“Gautama, at minimum with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, and at maximum also with a lifespan duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama, he might take birth.”
“How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, take birth in a single moment? The rest is as in the seventh case, up to—”
“For how long a time, Venerable Sir, might that developable non-sentient five-sensed animal with a maximum lifespan duration, in Ratnaprabhā with a maximum lifespan duration […] make transmigration?”
“Gautama, in terms of births, two takings of birth; in terms of time, at minimum an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus a pūrvakoṭī, and at maximum also an innumerableth part of a palyopama plus a pūrvakoṭī; for this much time he might spend time, for this much time he might make transmigration. Thus these are three general cases, three cases with minimum lifespan duration, and three cases with maximum lifespan duration; all these are nine cases.”

24.1.839

If they are reborn from sentient five-sensed animals, do they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals with a countable lifespan duration in years, or do they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals with an uncountable lifespan duration in years?
Gautama, they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals with a countable lifespan duration in years, not from sentient five-sensed animals with an uncountable lifespan duration in years.
If they take birth from sentient five-sensed animals with a countable lifespan duration in years, do they take birth from aquatic creatures?—Question.
Gautama, they take birth from aquatic creatures, up to just as the non-sentient, they take birth from the developed, not from the undeveloped.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years is capable of being reborn among hell-beings, Venerable Sir, into how many hell-earths could it be reborn?
Gautama, it could be reborn into the seven hell-earths, namely from Ratnaprabhā up to the Seventh, Lower Hell.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth, Venerable Sir, into what lifespan duration could it be reborn?
Gautama, at minimum it could be reborn into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? Just as for the non-sentient.
Venerable Sir, of what bone-joint structure are the bodies of those souls taught to be?
Gautama, they are taught to have the six bone-joint structures, namely the adamantine-ṛṣabha-nārāca joint, the ṛṣabha-nārāca joint, up to the chevārṭha joint. The bodily stature is just as for the non-sentient: at minimum an uncountable fraction of a finger-breadth, and at maximum one thousand yojanas.
Venerable Sir, of what physical configuration are the bodies of those souls taught to be?
Gautama, they are taught to have the six physical configurations, namely symmetrical, banyan-like, up to irregular.
Venerable Sir, how many lesyās are taught for those souls?
Gautama, six lesyās are taught, namely black lesyā up to white lesyā. The viewpoints are all three. Three kinds of knowledge and three kinds of ignorance optionally. The activities are all three. The rest is just as for the non-sentient up to duration-bond, with the only difference: the first five transits. The sex-types are all three, the remainder is the very same, up to—
Venerable Sir, for how long does that developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years perform rebirth-recurrence in Ratnaprabhā, and so on?
Gautama, in terms of lifespans: at minimum two rebirths, at maximum eight rebirths. In terms of time: at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four pūrvakoṭis; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth having the minimum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, into what lifespan duration could it be reborn?
Gautama, at minimum into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? In this way that very first case must be expounded entirely, up to: in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum four pūrvakoṭis plus forty thousand years; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
When that very one is reborn into the maximum lifespan duration, it could be reborn at minimum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama; the rest, from transformation onwards and ending with the lifespan account, is to be understood as that very first case, up to: in terms of time, at minimum one sāgaropama plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four pūrvakoṭis; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years having the minimum lifespan duration is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth, Venerable Sir, into what lifespan duration could it be reborn?
Gautama, at minimum into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? The remainder is that very case, with only these eight differences: 1. bodily stature at minimum an uncountable fraction of a finger-breadth, at maximum a few dhanuṣes; 2. the first three lesyās; 3. not right viewpoint, wrong viewpoint, not mixed viewpoint; 4. not knowledgeable, necessarily two ignorances; 5. the first three transits; 6. lifespan, 7. mental dispositions, and 8. duration-bond just as for the non-sentient. The rest is as in the first case, up to: in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four antarmuhūrtas; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
When that very one is reborn into the minimum lifespan duration, it could be reborn at minimum into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? In this way that very fourth case must be expounded entirely, up to: in terms of time, at minimum ten thousand years plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum forty thousand years plus four antarmuhūrtas; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
When that very one is reborn into the maximum lifespan duration, it could be reborn at minimum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? In this way that very fourth case must be expounded entirely, up to: in terms of time, at minimum one sāgaropama plus an antarmuhūrta, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four antarmuhūrtas; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years having the maximum lifespan duration is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth, Venerable Sir, into what lifespan duration could it be reborn?
Gautama, at minimum into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? The rest, from transformation onwards and ending with the lifespan account, is to be understood as that very first case, with the only difference: lifespan duration at minimum one pūrvakoṭi, and at maximum also one pūrvakoṭi. Likewise duration-bond also; the rest is the very same. In terms of time: at minimum one pūrvakoṭi plus ten thousand years, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four pūrvakoṭis; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
When that very one is reborn into the minimum lifespan duration, it could be reborn at minimum into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of ten thousand years.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? That very seventh case must be expounded entirely up to the lifespan account. In terms of time: at minimum one pūrvakoṭi plus ten thousand years, at maximum four pūrvakoṭis plus forty thousand years; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence.
Venerable Sir, when a developed sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan duration in years having the maximum lifespan duration is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth having the maximum lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, into what lifespan duration could it be reborn?
Gautama, at minimum into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama, and at maximum also into a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama.
Venerable Sir, how many such souls are reborn at a single point in time? That very seventh case must be expounded entirely up to the lifespan account. In terms of time: at minimum one sāgaropama plus one pūrvakoṭi, at maximum four sāgaropamas plus four pūrvakoṭis; for this much time it may experience it, for this much time it performs rebirth-recurrence. Thus these are the nine cases. The introduction and conclusion in all nine are just as for the non-sentient.

24.1.840

"A developable, numerable-year lifespan, sentient, five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is capable of being reborn among the inhabitants of hell in the Śarkarāprabhā earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, would he be reborn?"
"Gautama, he would be reborn with a minimum lifespan duration of one sāgaropama, [and] at maximum of three sāgaropamas."
"How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, are reborn in a single moment?" In this way, just as for one being reborn in Ratnaprabhā, the entire acquisition [of qualities] is to be stated without omission up to the consideration of existences. In terms of time, at minimum one sāgaropama increased by an antarmuhūrta, at maximum twelve sāgaropamas increased by four pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations. In this way, all nine variants are to be stated like the variants of the Ratnaprabhā earth, with the distinction that in all variants the lifespan duration of the inhabitants of hell and the composite span are to be stated in sāgaropamas; so on up to the sixth earth, with the distinction that whatever is the minimum and maximum lifespan duration of an inhabitant of hell in each earth, it is to be multiplied by four in that same sequence. In the Vālukāprabhā earth, twenty-eight sāgaropamas are multiplied by four, in Paṅkaprabhā forty, in Dhūmaprabhā sixty-eight, in Tamā eighty-eight. As for bone-joints: in Vālukāprabhā there are five kinds of bone-joints, namely vajra-ṛṣabhanārāca-saṅghayana up to kīlikā-saṅghayana; in Paṅkaprabhā four kinds of bone-joints; in Dhūmaprabhā three kinds of bone-joints; in Tamā two kinds of bone-joints, namely vajra-ṛṣabhanārāca-saṅghayana and ṛṣabhanārāca-saṅghayana; the rest is just the same.
"A developable, numerable-year lifespan, sentient, five-sensed animal, Venerable Sir, who is capable of being reborn among the inhabitants of hell in the lowest seventh earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, would he be reborn?"
"Gautama, he would be reborn with a minimum lifespan duration of twenty-two sāgaropamas, [and] at maximum of thirty-three sāgaropamas."
"How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, are reborn in a single moment?" In this way, just as the nine variants for Ratnaprabhā, the acquisition [of qualities] is also just the same, with the distinction: vajra-ṛṣabhanārāca bone-joint; those with female gender do not take rebirth; the rest is just the same up to continuation. Composite span: in terms of existences, at minimum three rebirths, at maximum seven rebirths. In terms of time, at minimum twenty-two sāgaropamas increased by two antarmuhūrtas, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by four pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a minimum lifespan duration, the statement is just the same up to the consideration of existences. In terms of time, at minimum the time-consideration is also just so up to increased by four pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a maximum lifespan duration, the acquisition [of qualities] is just the same up to continuation. In terms of existences, at minimum three rebirths, at maximum five rebirths. In terms of time, at minimum thirty-three sāgaropamas increased by two antarmuhūrtas, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by three pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] himself becomes one of minimum lifespan duration, the statement for the Ratnaprabhā earth minimum lifespan duration is to be recited up to the consideration of existences, with the distinction: the first bone-joint, no female-gendered ones. In terms of existences, at minimum three rebirths, at maximum seven rebirths. In terms of time, at minimum twenty-two sāgaropamas increased by two antarmuhūrtas, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by four antarmuhūrtas; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a minimum lifespan duration, in this way that fourth variant is to be stated without omission up to the consideration of time.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a maximum lifespan duration, the acquisition [of qualities] is just the same up to continuation. In terms of existences, at minimum three rebirths, at maximum five rebirths. In terms of time, at minimum thirty-three sāgaropamas increased by two antarmuhūrtas, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by three antarmuhūrtas; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] himself has a maximum lifespan duration, he would be reborn with a minimum of twenty-two sāgaropamas lifespan duration, [and] at maximum of thirty-three sāgaropamas.
"How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, are reborn in a single moment?" All the rest of the statement of the first variant of the seventh earth is to be recited up to the consideration of existences, with the distinction: lifespan duration and continuation are at minimum a pūrvakoṭi, at maximum also a pūrvakoṭi; the rest is just the same. In terms of time, at minimum twenty-two sāgaropamas increased by two pūrvakoṭis, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by four pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a minimum lifespan duration, the acquisition [of qualities] is just the same, and the composite span is likewise similar to the seventh variant.
If that same [soul] is reborn with a maximum lifespan duration, this acquisition [of qualities] is the same up to continuation. In terms of existences, at minimum three rebirths, at maximum five rebirths. In terms of time, at minimum thirty-three sāgaropamas increased by two pūrvakoṭis, at maximum sixty-six sāgaropamas increased by three pūrvakoṭis; for such a long time he would frequent [these states], for such a long time he would make transmigrations.

24.1.841

"If they are reborn from humans, do they take birth from sentient humans or from non-sentient humans?"
"Gautama! They take birth from sentient humans, not from non-sentient humans."
"If they take birth from sentient humans, do they take birth from sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years or from sentient humans having an innumerable lifespan of years?"
"Gautama! They take birth from sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years, not from sentient humans having an innumerable lifespan of years."
"If they take birth from sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years, do they take birth from developed sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years or from undeveloped sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years?"
"Gautama! They take birth from developed sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years, not from undeveloped sentient humans having a numerable lifespan of years."
"Venerable Sir! If a developed sentient human having a numerable lifespan of years is capable of being reborn among hell-beings, Venerable Sir, into how many hell-earths could he be reborn?"
"Gautama! He could be reborn into the seven hell-earths, namely: into Ratnaprabhā up to Adhaḥsaptamī."
"Venerable Sir! If a developed sentient human having a numerable lifespan of years is capable of being reborn among the hell-beings of the Ratnaprabhā hell-earth, Venerable Sir, with a lifespan duration of how much time could he be reborn?"
"Gautama! At a minimum with a lifespan duration of ten thousand years; at a maximum with a lifespan duration of one sāgaropama could he be reborn."
"Venerable Sir! In a single instant, how many such souls are reborn?"
"Gautama! At a minimum one, two, or three; at a maximum a numerable number are reborn. There are six bone-joint structures. Body-occupancy is at a minimum a few aṅgulas; at a maximum five hundred dhanuṣas.
In this way the rest is just as for sentient five-sensed animals up to regarding state of existence, with the distinction: four types of knowledge and three types of non-knowledge by alternative option; six combustive projections, excluding that of the omniscient; lifespan duration and continuation are at a minimum a few months, at a maximum a pūrvakoṭi; the rest is just that. According to time: at a minimum ten thousand years exceeded by a few months; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four pūrvakoṭis—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with minimum lifespan duration, this very statement applies, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum ten thousand years exceeded by a few months; at a maximum four pūrvakoṭis exceeded by forty thousand years—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with maximum lifespan duration, this very statement applies, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum one sāgaropama exceeded by a few months; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four pūrvakoṭis—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is himself of minimum lifespan duration, this very statement applies, with the distinction of these five differences: (1) body-occupancy is at a minimum a few aṅgulas, and at a maximum also a few aṅgulas; (2) three types of knowledge and three types of non-knowledge by alternative option; (3) the first five combustive projections; (4–5) lifespan duration and continuation are at a minimum a few months, and at a maximum also a few months; the rest is just that up to regarding state of existence. According to time: at a minimum ten thousand years exceeded by a few months; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four sets of a few months—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with minimum lifespan duration, this very statement is like the fourth method, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum ten thousand years exceeded by a few months; at a maximum forty thousand years exceeded by four sets of a few months—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with maximum lifespan duration, this very same method applies, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum one sāgaropama exceeded by a few months; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four sets of a few months—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is himself of maximum lifespan duration, that very first method is to be known, with the distinction: body-occupancy is at a minimum five hundred dhanuṣas, and at a maximum also five hundred dhanuṣas; lifespan duration is at a minimum one pūrvakoṭi, and at a maximum also one pūrvakoṭi; continuation is likewise. According to time: at a minimum one pūrvakoṭi exceeded by ten thousand years; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four pūrvakoṭis—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with minimum lifespan duration, the statement of the seventh method is to be applied, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum one pūrvakoṭi exceeded by ten thousand years; at a maximum four pūrvakoṭis exceeded by forty thousand years—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those with maximum lifespan duration, the statement of the seventh method is to be applied, with the distinction: according to time, at a minimum one sāgaropama exceeded by one pūrvakoṭi; at a maximum four sāgaropamas exceeded by four pūrvakoṭis—for this much time he may abide, for this much time he may transit back and forth."

24.1.842

"A developable sentient human of numerable lifespan, Venerable Sir, who is fit to be reborn among the hell-beings in the Śarkarāprabhā earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, would he be reborn?"
"Gautama! He would be reborn with a minimum lifespan duration of one sāgaropama, and at maximum with a lifespan duration of three sāgaropamas."
"How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, are reborn at a single instant?" The very same pattern of the Ratnaprabhā earth should be followed; with the difference that: body height is at minimum a few ratnis, at maximum five hundred dhanuṣas. Lifespan duration is at minimum a few years, at maximum a pūrvakoṭi. The continuous duration is likewise. The rest is the very same, up to the specification of existences. According to the specification of time, at minimum one sāgaropama exceeding a few years; at maximum twelve sāgaropamas exceeding four pūrvakoṭis—for so much time he would stay, for so much time he would make transits back and forth. Thus this is the acquisition for a human across the three general patterns; the difference: one should know the hell-being's lifespan duration and the correlation according to the specification of time.
If that very same [human] is himself of minimum lifespan duration, for him too across all three patterns there is this very acquisition; with the difference that: body height is at minimum a few ratnis, and at maximum also a few ratnis. Lifespan duration is at minimum a few years, and at maximum also a few years. The continuous duration is likewise. The rest is as for the general [patterns]. The correlation should be stated having applied careful consideration.
If that very same [human] is himself of maximum lifespan duration, for him too across all three patterns there is this difference: body height is at minimum five hundred dhanuṣas, and at maximum also five hundred dhanuṣas. Lifespan duration is at minimum a pūrvakoṭi, and at maximum also a pūrvakoṭi. The continuous duration is likewise. The rest is as in the first pattern; with the difference that: one should know the hell-being's lifespan duration and the body correlation. Thus up to the sixth earth; with the difference that: beginning from the third, one bone structure is reduced each time, just as for those of animal birth. The specification of time is also likewise; with the difference that: the human lifespan duration should be understood.
"A developable sentient human of numerable lifespan, Venerable Sir, who is fit to be reborn among the hell-beings in the lower seventh earth—with what lifespan duration, Venerable Sir, would he be reborn?"
"Gautama! He would be reborn with a minimum lifespan duration of twenty-two sāgaropamas, and at maximum with a lifespan duration of thirty-three sāgaropamas."
"How many of those souls, Venerable Sir, are reborn at a single instant?" The remainder of that very same Śarkarāprabhā earth pattern should be applied; with the difference that: only the first bone structure; female-gendered ones are not reborn; the rest is the very same, up to the continuous duration. According to the specification of existences, two rebirths. According to the specification of time, at minimum twenty-two sāgaropamas exceeding a few years; at maximum thirty-three sāgaropamas exceeding one pūrvakoṭi—for so much time he would stay, for so much time he would make transits back and forth.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those of minimum lifespan duration, there is this very statement; with the difference that: one should know the hell-being's lifespan duration and the correlation.
If that very same [human] is reborn among those of maximum lifespan duration, there is this very statement; with the difference that: one should know the correlation.
If that very same [human] is himself of minimum lifespan duration, for him too across all three patterns there is this very statement; with the difference that: body height is at minimum a few ratnis, and at maximum also a few ratnis. Lifespan duration is at minimum a few years, and at maximum also a few years. The continuous duration is likewise. The correlation should be stated having applied careful consideration.
If that very same [human] is himself of maximum lifespan duration, for him too across all three patterns there is this very statement; with the difference that: body height is at minimum five hundred dhanuṣas, and at maximum also five hundred dhanuṣas. Lifespan duration is at minimum a pūrvakoṭi, and at maximum also a pūrvakoṭi. The continuous duration is likewise. In all these nine patterns, one should know the hell-being's lifespan duration and the correlation. Everywhere there are two rebirths up to the ninth pattern. According to the specification of time, at minimum thirty-three sāgaropamas exceeding one pūrvakoṭi, and at maximum also thirty-three sāgaropamas exceeding one pūrvakoṭi—for so much time he would stay, for so much time he would make transits back and forth.
"That is so, Venerable Sir! That is so, Venerable Sir!" Thus [Gautama] dwells, up to...

24.2.843

At Rājagṛha, up to: he spoke thus: "Venerable Sir! From where are Asurakumāras reborn? Are they reborn from inhabitants of hell? Or are they reborn from animals, humans, or deities?"
"Gautama! They are not reborn from inhabitants of hell; they are reborn from animals, they are reborn from humans, and they are reborn not from deities. In this manner, just as in the chapter on the inhabitants of hell, up to:
'Venerable Sir! When a developable non-sentient five-sensed animal is fit to be reborn among the Asurakumāras, among those of what lifespan duration may it be reborn?'
'Gautama! It may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum duration of an innumerableth part of a palyopama.'
'Venerable Sir! How many of those jīvas are reborn in a single moment?' In this way, all nine variations are to be stated just like the variations for the Ratnaprabhā earth, with this difference: when [the soul] itself is of minimum lifespan duration, then in all three variations the mental states are auspicious, not inauspicious. The rest is the very same.
'If they are reborn from sentient five-sensed animals: are they reborn from sentient five-sensed animals with a countable lifespan, or are they reborn from sentient five-sensed animals with an uncountable lifespan?'
'Gautama! They are reborn from those with a countable lifespan, up to: and they are reborn from those with an uncountable lifespan, up to:'
'Venerable Sir! When a sentient five-sensed animal with an uncountable lifespan is fit to be reborn among the Asurakumāras, among those of what lifespan duration may it be reborn?'
'Gautama! It may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum duration of three palyopamas.'
'Venerable Sir! Those jīvas in a single moment—' [the full] question.
'Gautama! At a minimum one, two, or three are reborn; at a maximum, a countable number. They have vajra-ṛṣabha-nārāca physique. Their body size is at a minimum several dhanuṣas and at a maximum six gavyūtis. They are declared to have a symmetrical structure. They possess the first four lesyās. They are not possessors of right worldview, but possessors of wrong worldview; they are not possessors of mixed worldview. They are not possessors of knowledge, but possessors of ignorance—invariably possessing two types of ignorance: sensory ignorance and scriptural ignorance. All three activities [are present]. Both types of consciousness application [are present]. The four instincts [are present]. The four passions [are present]. The five senses [are present]. The first three types of samugghāta [occur]. They die having experienced it, and they also die without having experienced it. Feeling is of two kinds: experiencers of pleasant [feeling] and experiencers of unpleasant [feeling]. Gender is of two kinds: experiencers of female gender and experiencers of male gender, but not experiencers of neuter gender. Lifespan duration is at a minimum an excess pūrvakoṭī and at a maximum three palyopamas. Mental states are both auspicious and inauspicious. Continuity is just like lifespan duration. Transmigration of the soul according to birth is two rebirths; according to time, it may experience a minimum of an excess pūrvakoṭī increased by ten thousand years, and a maximum of six palyopamas—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return.'
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of minimum lifespan duration, this is the very same statement, with this difference: one should know the lifespan duration and transmigration of an Asurakumāra.
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of maximum lifespan duration, it may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of three palyopamas and a maximum of three palyopamas—this is the very same statement, with this difference: its lifespan duration is at a minimum three palyopamas and at a maximum three palyopamas. Continuity is also like this. In terms of time, it may experience a minimum of six palyopamas and a maximum of six palyopamas—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return; the rest is the very same.
If that very same [soul] is itself born with a minimum lifespan duration, it may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum lifespan of an excess pūrvakoṭī.
'Venerable Sir! How many of those jīvas are reborn in a single moment?' The rest is the very same up to according to birth, with this difference: body size is at a minimum several dhanuṣas and at a maximum an excess thousand dhanuṣas. Lifespan duration is at a minimum an excess pūrvakoṭī and at a maximum an excess pūrvakoṭī. Continuity is also like this. In terms of time, it may experience a minimum of an excess pūrvakoṭī increased by ten thousand years, and a maximum of two excess pūrvakoṭīs—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return.
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of minimum lifespan duration, this is the very same statement, with this difference: one should know the lifespan duration and transmigration of an Asurakumāra.
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of maximum lifespan duration, it may be reborn among those with a minimum lifespan of an excess pūrvakoṭī and a maximum lifespan of an excess pūrvakoṭī; the rest is the very same, with this difference: in terms of time, it may experience a minimum of two excess pūrvakoṭīs and a maximum of two excess pūrvakoṭīs—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return.
If that very same [soul] is itself born with a maximum lifespan duration, that very first variation is to be stated, with this difference: lifespan duration is at a minimum three palyopamas and at a maximum three palyopamas. Continuity is also like this. In terms of time, it may experience a minimum of three palyopamas increased by ten thousand years, and a maximum of six palyopamas—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return.
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of minimum lifespan duration, this is the very same statement, with this difference: one should know the lifespan duration and transmigration of an Asurakumāra.
If that very same [soul] is reborn among those of maximum lifespan duration, [it may be reborn among those with a minimum] of three palyopamas and a maximum of three palyopamas—this is the very same statement, with this difference: in terms of time, it may experience a minimum of six palyopamas and a maximum of six palyopamas—for such a time it may continue, and for such a time it may wander in rebirth and return.
'If they are reborn from sentient five-sensed animals with a countable lifespan: are they reborn from aquatic animals?'—in this manner, up to:
'Venerable Sir! When a developable sentient five-sensed animal with a countable lifespan is fit to be reborn among the Asurakumāras, among those of what lifespan duration may it be reborn?'
'Gautama! It may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum duration of an excess sāgaropama.'
'Venerable Sir! How many of those jīvas are reborn in a single moment?' In this way, nine variations similar to those of the Ratnaprabhā earth are to be known for these, with this difference: when [the soul] itself is of minimum lifespan duration, then in all three variations this is the distinction: four lesyās; mental states are auspicious, not inauspicious. The rest is the very same. Transmigration is to be calculated with an excess sāgaropama.
'If they are reborn from humans: are they reborn from sentient humans, or are they reborn from non-sentient humans?'
'Gautama! They are reborn from sentient humans, not from non-sentient humans.'
'If they are reborn from sentient humans: are they reborn from sentient humans with a countable lifespan, or are they reborn from sentient humans with an uncountable lifespan?'
'Gautama! They are reborn from sentient humans with a countable lifespan, and they are also reborn from sentient humans with an uncountable lifespan.'
'Venerable Sir! When a sentient human with an uncountable lifespan is fit to be reborn among the Asurakumāras, among those of what lifespan duration may it be reborn?'
'Gautama! It may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum duration of three palyopamas.' In this way, the first three variations are to be known like those of animals with an uncountable lifespan, with this difference: body size in the first two variations is at a minimum an excess five hundred dhanuṣas and at a maximum three gavyūtis; the rest is the very same. In the third variation, body size is at a minimum three gavyūtis and at a maximum three gavyūtis. The rest is just like for animals.
If that very same [soul] is itself born with a minimum lifespan duration, for it also three variations are to be stated like those of animals of minimum lifespan duration, with this difference: body size in all three variations is at a minimum an excess five hundred dhanuṣas and at a maximum an excess five hundred dhanuṣas. The rest is the very same.
If that very same [soul] is itself born with a maximum lifespan duration, for it also those very same last three variations are to be stated, with this difference: body size in all three variations is at a minimum three gavyūtis and at a maximum three gavyūtis. The rest is the very same.
'If they are reborn from sentient humans with a countable lifespan: are they reborn from developable sentient humans with a countable lifespan, or are they reborn from undevelopable sentient humans with a countable lifespan?'
'Gautama! They are reborn from developable sentient humans with a countable lifespan, not from undevelopable sentient humans with a countable lifespan.'
'Venerable Sir! When a developable sentient human with a countable lifespan is fit to be reborn among the Asurakumāras, among those of what lifespan duration may it be reborn?'
'Gautama! It may be reborn among those with a minimum duration of ten thousand years and a maximum duration of an excess sāgaropama.'
'Venerable Sir! How many of those jīvas are reborn in a single moment?' In this way, just as nine variations were stated for those being reborn in the Ratnaprabhā earth, so here too nine variations are to be stated, with this difference: transmigration is to be calculated with an excess sāgaropama. The rest is the very same.
'It is so, Venerable Sir! It is so, Venerable Sir!' [said Gautama].

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