Manava Dharmashastra 4.1

4.1

trayo vedā ṛgyajuḥsāmākhyāsteṣāṃ samāhārastrivedī tadviṣayaṃ vrataṃ svagṛhyoktaniyamasamūharūpaṃ ṣaṭtriṃśadvarṣaṃ yāvadgurukule caritavyam| ṣaṭtriṃśadābdikamiti ṣaṭtriṃśadabdaśabdāt "kālāṭṭhañ" (pā0 sū0 4/3/11) asmiṃśca pakṣe "samaṃ syādaśrutatvāt" iti nyāyena prativedaśāstraṃ dvādaśavarṣāṇi vratācaraṇam| tadardhikamaṣṭādaśa varṣāṇi| tatra prativedaśākhaṃ ṣaṭ| pādikaṃ nava varṣāṇi| tatra prativedaśākhaṃ trīṇi| yāvatā kālenoktāvadherūrdhvamadho vā vedāngṛhṇāti tāvatkālaṃ vā vratācaraṇam| viṣamaśiṣṭatve'pi pakṣāṇāmekā deyāstisro deyāḥ ṣaḍdeyā itivanniyamaphale nyūnāpekṣo vikalpaḥ tathā ca śrutiḥ- "niyamenādhītaṃ vīryavattaraṃ bhavati" iti| grahaṇāntikapakṣasaṃdarśanātpūrvoktapakṣatraye grahaṇādūrdhvamapi vratānuṣṭhānamavagamyate| atharvavedasyarṛgvedāṃśatve'pi "ṛgvedaṃ yajurvedaṃ sāmavedamatharvāṇāṃ caturtham" iti chāndogyopaniṣadi caturthavedatvena kīrtanāt| "aṅgāni vedāścatvāraḥ" iti viṣṇupurāṇādivākyeṣu ca pṛthaṅnirdeśāccaturtha- vedatve'pi prāyeṇābhicārādyarthatvāyajñavidyāyāmanupayogāccānirdeśaḥ| tathāhi 'ṛgvedenaiva hotraṃ kurvantyajurvedenādhvaryavaṃ sāmavedenaudgātraṃ yadeva trayyai vidyāyai sūktaṃ tena brahmatvam" iti śrutestrayīsaṃpādyatvaṃ yajñānāṃ jñāyate| ayaṃ ca mānavastraivedikavratacaryāvidhirnārtharvavedavratacaryāṃ niṣedhayati| tatparatve vākyabhedaprasaṅgācchrutyantare vedamātre vrataśravaṇācca| yadāha yogiyājñavalkyaḥ- "prativedaṃ brahmacaryaṃ dvādaśābdāni pañca vā" (a0 1 ślo0 36) |