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Nirnayasindhu 2.p1

Nirṇayasindhu 2.p1

Language
Sanskrit

2.p1.1

tatra saṃkṣepataḥ kālaḥ ṣoḍhā-abdoyanamṛturmāsaḥ pakṣo divasa iti || tatrābdo mādhavamate
pañcadhā--sāvanaḥ sauraścāndro nākṣatro bārhaspatya iti || gurormadhyamarāśibhogena bārhaspatyaḥ
sa ca jyotiḥśāstre prasiddhaḥ || hemādristvantyayordharmaśāstre'nupayogāttrissra eva vidhā āha
tatra vakṣyamāṇaiḥ sāvanādidvādaśamāsaistattadabdam || malamāse tu sati ṣaṣṭidinātmaka eko
māsa iti dvādaśamāsatvamaviruddham || tathā ca vyāsaḥ 'ṣaṣṭyā tu divasairmāsaḥ kathito
bādarāyaṇaiḥ ' iti || tatra cāndrobdaḥ ṣaṣṭibhedaḥ || tadāha gārgyaḥ"prabhavo vibhavaḥ śuklaḥ pramodotha prajāpataḥ | aṃgirāḥ śrīmukho bhāvo yuvā dhāteśvarastathā
bahudhānyaḥ pramāthī ca vikramo'tha vṛṣastathā | citrabhānuḥ subhānuśca tāraṇaḥ pārthivo vyayaḥ
sarvajitsarvadhārī ca virodhī vikṛtiḥ kharaḥ| nandano vijayaścaiva jayo manmathadurmukhau|| hemalambo
vilambyotha vikārī śarvarī plavaḥ | śubhakṛcchobhanaḥ krodhī viśvāvasuparāvarau||plavaṃgaḥ kīlakaḥ
saumyaḥ sādhāraṇavirodhakṛt | paridhāvī pramādī ca ānando rākṣaso'nalaḥ || piṅgalaḥ kālayuktaśca siddhārthī raudradurmatī | duṃdubhī rudhirodgārī raktākṣī krodhanaḥ kṣayaḥ " || iti 60
prabhava 1 vibhava 2 śukla 3 pramoda 4 prajāpati 5 aṃgirā 6 śrīmukha 7 bhāva 8 yuvā 9 dhātā 10
īśvara 11 bahudhānya 12 pramāthī 13 vikrama 14 vṛṣa 15 citrabhānu 16 subhānu 17 tāraṇa 18 pārthiva 19
vyaya 20 sarvajit 21 sarvadhārī 22 virodhī 23 vikṛti 24 khara 25 nandana 26 vijaya 27 jaya 28
manmatha 29 durmukha 30 hemalamba 31 vilamba 32 vikārī 33 śarvarī 34 plava 35 śubhakṛt 36 śobhana 37

2.p1.2

krodhī 38 viśvāvasu 39 parābhava 40 plavaṃga 41 kīlaka 42 saumya 43 sādhāraṇa 44 virodhakṛt 45 paridhāvī 46 pramāthī 47 ānanda 48 rākṣasa 49 anala 50 piṃgala 51 kālayukta 52 siddhārtha 53 raudra 54
durmati 55 dundubhi 56 rudhirodgārī 57 raktākṣa 58 krodhana 59 kṣaya 60
yadyapi jyotiṣe gurormadhyamarāśibhogena prabhavādīnāṃ māghādau pravṛttiruktā, tathāpi prabhavādīnāṃ
cāndratvamapyasti || ‘cāndrāṇāṃ prabhavādīnāṃ pañcake pañcake yuge' iti mādhavokteḥ || tena
cāndraḥ prabhavādiścaitrasite pravartate, bārhaspatyastu māghādau || tayorviniyogo jyotirnibandhe
brahmasiddhānte “vyāvahārikasaṃjño'yaṃ kālaḥ smṛtyādikarmasu | yojyaḥ sarvatra tatrāpi jaivo vā
narmadottare ||” ārṣṭiṣeṇaḥ-“smaretsarvatra karmādau cāndraṃ saṃvatsaraṃ sadā | nānyaṃ yasmādvatsarādau pravṛttistasya kīrtitā ||” iti || ayanaṃ tu saurarttutrayātmakam | ‘saurarttutritayaṃ pradiṣṭamayanam' iti dīpikokteḥ || tat dvividhaṃ dakṣiṇamuttaraṃ ceti || karkasaṃkrāṃtirdakṣiṇāyanaṃ
makarāttudantyam
anayorviniyogamāha madanaratne satyavrataḥ- ‘devatārāmavāpyādipratiṣṭhodaṅmukhe ravau | dakṣiṇāśāmukheḥ kurvanna tatphalamavāpnuyāt ||’ vaikhānasaḥ- ‘mātṛbhairavavārāhanarasiṃhatrivikramāḥ | mahiṣāsurahaṃtryaśca sthāpyā vai dakṣiṇāyane || ' vaiśabdo'pyarthe na tu dakṣiṇāyana eveti niyamaḥ
pūrvavacane dakṣiṇāyane niṣiddhāyā devapratiṣṭhāyā devaviṣaye pratiprasavamātratvāt || ratnamālāyām
‘gṛhapraveśastridaśapratiṣṭhā vivāhacauḷavratabandhapūrvam | saumyāyane karma śubhaṃ vidheyaṃ yadgarhitaṃ

2.p1.3

tattakhalu dakṣiṇe ca || ' iti || asyāpavādaḥ kāśīkhaṇḍe-'sadā kṛtayugaṃ cāstu sadā
cāstūttarāyaṇam | sadā mahodayaścāstu kāśyāṃ nivasata satam ||' ityayanam
ṛtunirṇayaḥ
ṛturmāsadvayātmā || malamāse tu māsadvayātmaka eko māsastena māsadvayātmakatvamaviruddham
sa dvedhā-cāndraḥ sauraśca | caitrārambho vasantādiścāndraḥ, mīnārambho meṣārambho vā sauraḥ
‘mīnameṣayormeṣavṛṣayorvā vasantaḥ ’ iti baudhāyanokteḥ | anayorviniyogamāha trikāṇḍamaṇḍanaḥ-‘śrautasmārtakriyāḥ sarvāḥ kuryāccāndramasartuṣu | tadabhāve tu saurartuṣviti jyotirvidāṃ
matam || ” sa dvividhopi ṣoḍhā | vasanto grīṣmo varṣāḥ śaraddhemantaḥ śiśiraḥ | ityṛtuḥ
māsaścaturdhā | sāvanaḥ sauraścāndro nākṣatra iti || triṃśaddinaḥ sāvanaḥ | arkasaṃkrānteḥ saṃkrāntyavadheḥ sauraḥ || yadyapi hemādrimādhavakālādarśādyālocanena ‘meṣasaṃkrāntyāṃ samāptāmāvāsyakatvaṃ caitratvam ’ iti lakṣaṇācca meṣasaṃkrānteścaitratvaṃ pratīyate, tathāpi meṣasaṃkrame darśadvaye
sati vaiśākhasyaivādhikyāttatpūrvabhāvitvena mīnasyaiva caitratvaṃ yuktam | evaṃ meṣādayo vaiśākhādyāḥ | ato mīnasaṃkrāntyāmadhigatapaurṇamāsikatvam, ādyatithikatvaṃ vā caitratvamiti lakṣaṇāt mīna eva sauraścaitraḥ || evaṃ vaiśākhādayopi meṣādyā jñeyāḥ
saṃkrāntinirṇayaḥ
sauramāsaprasaṅgātsaṃkrāṃtinirṇaya ucyate || tatra ‘pūrvatopi paratopi saṃkramātpuṇyakālaghaṭikāstu ṣoḍaśa' iti sāmānyataḥ puṇyakālaḥ sarvairuktaḥ || viśeṣastūcyate || atra

2.p1.4

māmakāḥ saṃgrahaślokāḥ-“prāgūrdhvā daśa pūrvataḥ ṣaḍavanistadvatparāḥ pūrvatastriṃśatṣoḍaśa pūrvato'tha parataḥ pūrvāḥ parāḥ syurdaśa | pūrvāḥ ṣoḍaśa cottarā ṛtubhuvaḥ paścātkhavedāḥ punaḥ pūrvāḥ
ṣoḍaśa cottarāḥ punaratho puṇyāstu meṣāditaḥ ||” asyārthaḥ | meṣe prāgūrdhvaṃ ca daśa ghaṭikāḥ
puṇyakālaḥ, vṛṣe pūrvāḥ ṣoḍaśa, mithune parāḥ ṣoḍaśa, karke pūrvāstriṃśat, siṃhe pūrvāḥ ṣoḍaśa,
kanyāyāṃ parāḥ ṣoḍaśa, tulāyāṃ prāgūrdhvā daśa, vṛścike pūrvāḥ ṣoḍaśa, dhanuṣi parāḥ ṣoḍaśa,
makare catvāriṃśatparāḥ | idaṃ ca hemādrimatenoktam | mādhavamate tvatra parā viṃśatiḥ puṇyāḥ, .
kuṃbhe pūrvāḥ ṣoḍaśa, mīne parāḥ ṣoḍaśeti || "yāpyuttarā puṇyatamā mayoktā sāyaṃ bhavetsā yadi
sāpi pūrvā | pūrvā tu yoktā yadi sā vibhāte sāpyuttarā rātrigiṣedhataḥ syāt || arvāṅniśīthādyadi saṃkramaḥ syātpūrvehni puṇyaṃ parataḥ parehni | āsannayāmadvayameva puṇyaṃ niśīthamadhye
tu dinadvayaṃ syāt || karke jhaṣepyevamiti hyuvāca hemādrisūriśca tathāparārkaḥ | jhaṣaḥ pradoṣe yadi
vārḍarātre parehni puṇyaṃ tvatha karkaṭaścet || prabhātakāle yadi vā niśīthe pūrvehni puṇyaṃ tviti
mādhavāryaḥ ||” atra mūlavacanāni mādhavāparārkahemādryādiṣu draṣṭavyāni || sarvāsu saṃkrāṃtiṣu
dānaviśeṣo hemādrau dānakāṇḍe uktaḥ
meṣasaṃkrāntau dānaviśeṣaḥ
viśvāmitraḥ-“meṣasaṃkramaṇe bhānormeṣadānaṃ mahāphalam | vṛṣasaṃkramaṇe dānaṃ gavāṃ proktaṃ tathaiva
ca || vastrānnapānadānāni mithune vihitāni tu | ghṛtadhenupradānaṃ ca karkaṭepi viśiṣyate

2.p1.5

sasuvarṇaṃ chatradānaṃ siṃhepi vihitaṃ sadā | kanyāpraveśe vastrāṇāṃ veśmanāṃ dānameva ca || tulāpraveśe tilānāṃ gorasānāmapīṣṭadam | annarkīcalite bhānau dīpadānaṃ mahāphalam || annakī
vṛścikaḥ | dhanuḥpraveśe vastrāṇāṃ yānānāṃ ca mahāphalam | jhaṣapraveśe dārūṇāṃ dānamagnestathaiva
ca || kumbhapraveśe dānaṃ tu gavāmambutṛṇasya ca | mīnapraveśe sthānānāṃ mālānāmapi cottamam ||” iti
atropavāsamāha hemādrāvāpastambaḥ-'ayane viṣuve caiva trirātropoṣito naraḥ | snātvā yastvarcayedbhānuṃ sarvakāmaphalaṃ labhet ||' aśaktau tu vṛddhavasiṣṭhaḥ-'ayane saṃkramai caiva grahaṇe candra
sūryayoḥ | ahorātroṣitaḥ snātvā sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ||' atropavāsaḥ saṃkramadine, dānādi tu
puṇyakāladine ityācāryacūḍāmaṇiḥ || vidhilāghavāt puṇyakāladina evobhayamiti vṛddhāḥ
idaṃ ca putrigṛhasthātiriktaviṣayam | 'ādityehani saṃkrāṃtau grahaṇe candrasūryayoḥ | upavāso na
kartavyaḥ putriṇā gṛhiṇā tathā ||' iti jaiminivacanāt || atra śrāddhamuktaṃ hemādrau viṣṇudharme'śrāddhaṃ saṃkramaṇe bhānoḥ praśastaṃ pṛthivīpate ||'
aparārkepi viṣṇuḥ-ādityasaṃkramaṇaṃ, viṣuvadvayam, viśeṣeṇāyanadvayam, vyatīpātaḥ, janmarkṣam,
abhyudayaśca | 'etāṃstu śrāddhakālānvai kāmyānāha prajāpatiḥ' iti || dvādaśādidinairarvāgayanāśapravṛttāvapi puṇyaṃ vaktumayanagrahaṇam | anyathā saṃkrameṇa siddherayanagrahaṇaṃ vyarthaṃ syādityaparārkaḥ || hemādrāvapi gālavaḥ- "ayanāṃśakatulyena kālenaiva sphuṭaṃ bhavet | mṛgakarkādige sūrye

2.p1.6

yāmyodaggayane sati || tadā saṃkrāntikāle syuruktā viṣṇupadādayaḥ ||" iti || ayanāṃśacyutirūpe saṃkrāntikālepi viṣṇupadādayaḥ pravarttante | tena tat prayuktaṃ puṇyakālādi tatrādi jñeyamiti sa eva vyācakhyau || tacca meṣāyanaṃ vṛṣāyanāmityādi sarvatra jñeyam || mādhavīyepi
jābāliḥ- "saṃkrāntiṣu yathā kālastadīyepyayane tathā | ayane viṃśatiḥ pūrvā makare viṃśatiḥ
parā ||" iti || makarāyaṇe pūrvāḥ viṃśatighaṭikāḥ puṇyāḥ, makarasaṃkrāntau tu paścādviṃśatiḥ
puṇyāḥ | anyatrāyane tatsaṃkrāntivadityarthaḥ
viṣṇupadādinirṇayaḥ
viṣṇupadādisvarūpaṃ ca dīpikāyāmuktam-haryyaṅghrivṛṣabhasiṃhavṛścikaghaṭeṣvarkasya yaḥ saṃkramaḥ kanyāmīnadhanurnṛyukṣu ṣaḍaśītyākhyaṃ tulāmeṣayoḥ | proktaṃ tadviṣuvaṃ jhaṣeyanamudakkakaiṭake dakṣiṇam ||"
iti || haryyaṅghrirviṣṇupadam, nṛyuk mithunam || atra ca piṇḍarahitaṃ śrāddhaṃ kuryāt || tathā
cāparārke mātsye-"ayanadvitaye śrāddhaṃ viṣuvadvitaye tathā | saṃkrāntiṣu ca sarvāsu piṇḍanirvapaṇādṛte ||” iti || śrāddhaśūlapāṇistu asya nirmūlatvāt, samūlatvepi "tataḥ prabhṛti
saṃkrāntāvu Summer rāgādiparvasu | tripiṇḍamācarecchrāddhamekoddiṣṭaṃ mṛtāhani ||" iti mātsyoktergrahaṇāyagrahaṇavadvikalpa eva ityāha || tanna || asya pārvaṇānuvādakatvena piṇḍāvidhāyakatvāt
piṇḍo vyaktiḥ || anyathaikapade piṇḍānuvāde tritvavidhau vaṣaṭkartuḥ prathamabhakṣavadvairūpyāpatteḥ
tathā cobhayasamūlatve piṇḍarahitaṃ pārvaṇaṃ kartavyamityubhayavacanayorarthaḥ || tripiṇḍaśabdenaikoddiṣṭavyāvarttanamātram || maṅgalakṛtyeṣu viśeṣamāha jyotirnibandhe nāradaḥ- "tyājyāḥsūryasya

2.p1.7

saṃkrāṃteḥ pūrvataḥ paratastathā | vivāhādiṣu kāryeṣu nāḍyaḥ ṣoḍaśa ṣoḍaśa ||” iti || etat
puṇyakālopalakṣaṇam || 'bhānoḥ saṃkrāntibhogaśca kulikaścārdhayāmakaḥ |' iti jyotiḥprakāśe
varjyeṣu parigaṇanāt || ayanavyatiriktāsu daśasu saṃkrāntiṣu rātrau snānaśrāddhādi na kāryam
"ahni saṃkramaṇe kṛtsnamahaḥ puṇyaṃ prakīrtitam | rātrau saṃkramaṇe bhānordinārdhaṃ snānadānayoḥ
ardharātrādadhastasminmadhyāhnasyopari kriyā | ūrdhvaṃ saṃkramaṇe cordhvamudayātpraharadvayam || pūrṇe
prāguktavacanena tayordinadvayapuṇyatvādeva paryudāsānmakarakarkaṭayorapi 'snānaṃ dānaṃ parehani'
ityādibhiborder:puṇyatvokteḥ ahaḥpuṇyatvānupapattyā kalpyarātriniṣedhasya ca pratyakṣarātrividhinā
bādhātsarvasaṃkrāṃtiṣu rātrāvanuṣṭhānavikalpaḥ || sa ca deśācārādvyavatiṣṭhata iti yuktaḥ panthāḥ
ayanayostu vaktavyo viśeṣaḥ śrāvaṇe māghe ca vakṣyate
jyotirnibandhe gargaḥ-'yasya janmarkṣamāsādya ravisaṃkramaṇaṃ bhavet | tanmāsābhyantare tasya vairakleśadhanakṣayāḥ || tagarasaroruhapatrai rajanīsiddhārthalodhrasaṃyuktaiḥ | snānaṃ janmarkṣagate ravisaṃkramaṇe
nṛṇāṃ śubhadam || ' hemādrau-'ahni cedrātriyugmaṃ syādrātrau cedvāsaradvayam | saṃkrāṃtiḥ pakṣiṇī
jñeyā dānādhyayanakarmasu ||' yattu gauḍāḥ- 'saṃkrāntyāṃ pakṣayorante dvādaśyāṃ śrāddhavāsare| sāyaṃsaṃdhyāṃ na kurvīta kurvaṃśca pitṛhā bhavet || ' iti karmopadeśinyāṃ vyāsokteḥ sāyaṃ puṇyakāle
saṃdhyāniṣedhamāhuḥ || tannirmūlam || anyacca bahu vaktavyaṃ vistarabhīternocyate || iti saṃkrā
ntinirṇayaḥ
cāndramāsanirṇayaḥ

2.p1.8

pakṣayugajaścāndro māsaḥ || sa dvedhā śuklādirantaḥ, kṛṣṇādiḥ pūrṇimāntaśceti || tathā ca
trikāṇḍamaṇḍanaḥ-‘cāndropi śuklapakṣādiḥ kṛṣṇādirveti ca dvidhā |’ ityuktvā deśabhedena
tadvyavasthāmāha-‘kṛṣṇapakṣādikaṃ māsaṃ nāṅgīkurvanti kecana | yepīcchanti na teṣāmapīṣṭo
vindhyasya dakṣiṇe ||’ iti || vindhyasya dakṣiṇe kṛṣṇādiniṣedhāduttarato dvayorabhyanujñā
gamyate || tatrāpi śuklādirmukhyaḥ, kṛṣṇādirgauṇaḥ || śāstreṣu caitraśuklapratipadyeva cāndrasaṃvatsarārambhokteḥ | taduktaṃ dīpikāyām-‘cāndro'bdo madhuśuklapratipadārambhaḥ’ iti || na hi ye
kṛṣṇādiṃ manyante teṣāṃ vatsarārambho bhidyate || ataḥ śuklādirmukhyaḥ, kṛṣṇādinā malamāsāsaṃbhavācca || candrasya sarvanakṣatrabhogena nākṣatro māsaḥ
sāvanādīnāṃ vyavasthoktā hemādrau brahmasiddhānte-‘amāvāsyāparicchinno māsaḥ syādbrāhmaṇasya tu | saṃkrāntipaurṇamāsībhyāṃ tathaiva nṛpavaiśyayoḥ ||’ atra brāhmaṇādīnāṃ yatra karmaviśeṣe vacanāntareṇa ‘vasante brāhmaṇo'gnīnādadhīta’ ityādivanmāsa uktaḥ tatra darśāntatvamātraṃ
niyamyate na tu sarvakarmasu darśānta eveti || vṛṣṭyādyarthasaubhare hīṣādinidhananiyamavadvidhilāghavāt | traivarṇikānāṃ sarvakarmasu māsaviśeṣavidheḥ sāvanādīnāṃ śūdrānulomādiparatvāpatteśceti
gurucaraṇāḥ || jyotirgargaḥ-‘sauro māso vivāhādau yajñādau sāvanaḥ smṛtaḥ | ābdike pitṛkārye ca cāndro māsaḥ praśasyate ||’ ṛṣyaśṛṅgaḥ-‘vivāhavratayajñeṣu sauraṃ mānaṃ praśasyate

2.p1.9

pārvaṇe tvaṣṭakāśrāddhe cāndramiṣṭaṃ tathābdike ||’ smṛtyantare-‘ekoddiṣṭevivāhādau ṛṇādau saurasāvanau ||’ jyotirgargaḥ-‘āyurdāyavibhāgaśca prāyaścittakriyā tathā | sāvanenaiva karttavyā
śatrūṇāṃ cāpyupāsanā ||’ viṣṇudharme-‘nakṣatrasatrāṇyayanāni cendormāsena kuryādbhagaṇātmakena’
iti brāhme || ‘tithikṛtye ca kṛṣṇādiṃ vrate śuklādimeva ca | vivāhādau ca saurādiṃ māsaṃ
kṛtye vinirdiśet ||’

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