Kaṭha Upaniṣad 6.1.6

Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 6.1.6

Language: Sanskrit

6.1.6.p2

(paramātmajñānavihīnasya mokṣāsambhavaḥ)

6.1.6.p3

indriyebhyaḥ paraṃ mano manasassattvamuttamam |

6.1.6.p4

sattvādadhi mahānātmā mahato s vyaktamuttamam |

6.1.6.p5

avyaktāttu paraḥ puruṣo vyāpako s liṅga eva ca |

6.1.6.p6

yad (yaṃ?) jñātvā mucyate janturamṛtattvaṃ ca gacchati ||

pra.dī. - dehātmavivekajñāne satyapi paramātmajñānaṃ vinā mokṣo nāstītyāha - indriyebhyaḥ ityādi mantradvayena indriyebhya iti | indriyebhyaḥ - daśendriyebhyaḥ, manaḥ param - utkṛṣṭam, manasaḥ sattvam - buddhiḥ, uttamam - utkṛṣṭam, sattvāt - buddheḥ , mahānātmā - mahadguṇayuktaḥ jīvaḥ, adhi - adhika ityarthaḥ | mahataḥ - jīvāt, avyaktam - śarīram, uttamam - utkṛṣṭaṃ bhavati | śarīraṃ vinā jīvātmanaḥ sarvakāryā pravṛtteḥ | avyaktāttu - atra tu śabdaḥ samuccayārthakaḥ | śarīrātmabhyām, vyāpakaḥ - sarvavyāpakaḥ, aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ1 puruṣaḥ eva paramātmā paraḥ iti | utkṛṣṭa iti | yajjantuḥ - yo jantuḥ, jñātvā - vijñāya, vimucyate - saṃsārabandhānmukto bhavati | saḥ, amṛtattvaṃ ca - mokṣaṃ ca, gacchati - prāpnoti | pra. - dehaviviktapratyagātmayāthātmyajñāne s pi bhagavaccharamaṇāgatireva upāyaḥ iti pūrvoktaṃ śaraṇavaraṇameva pratipādayati - indriyebhyaḥ1 ityādinā mantradvayena | paraṃ.... indriyebhyaḥ ityetat arthānāmapi upalakṣaṇam | indriyebhyaḥ parāhyarthā arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u.3-10)

6.1.6.p8

ityanena aikārthyāt| sattva śabdo buddhiparaḥ; manasastu parā buddhiḥ (ka.u.3-10) iti pūrvokteḥ | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ | paratvaṃ ca vaśīkāryatāyāṃ vivakṣitam | parasya ca vaśīkaraṇaṃ śaraṇāgatireva | śiṣṭaṃ spaṣṭam ||

6.1.6.p9

ā.bhā. - etadapi prakṛtiviviktātmajñānam indriyārthādipuruṣaparyantavaśīkāre satyeva bhavati;na anyathā | ataḥ pūrvoktaṃ vaśīkaraṇaṃ punaḥ paṭhati smṛtyartham - indriyebhyaḥ cakṣurādibhyaḥ, paraṃ manaḥ - vaśīkāryatāyām | tacca manaḥ arthebhyospi param ityupalakṣaṇato jñeyam; indriyebhyaḥ parā hyarthāḥ arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u.3-10) iti pūrvamuktatvāt| manasaḥ sattvam - adhyavasāyātmakabuddhisvarūpam uttamam - pradhānam, vaśīkāryatāyām, manasastu parā buddhiḥ (ka u.3-10) ityukteḥ | sattvāt - adhyavasāyarūpādapi adhikaṃ pradhānam ityetat | mahānātmā - jīvātmā ityarthaḥ | mahato jīvātmanopekṣayā, avyaktam sūkṣmapariṇāmabhūtaṃ śarīram uttamam vaśīkaraṇe ||

6.1.6.p10

avyaktāttu - śarīrāttu, puruṣaḥ - paramātmā, paraḥ - śreṣṭho vaśīkṛtau | puruṣameva viśinaṣṭi | vyāpakaḥ - sakalacidacidantarbahisthitaḥ | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ, śabdaikagamya aupaniṣadaḥ2 puruṣaḥ ityarthaḥ | yam - paramapuruṣaṃ

6.1.6.p11

sarvavyāpakam, jñātvā - upāsanadvārā sākṣātkṛtya, jantuḥ - jīvaḥ, mucyate - sarvabandhanavinirmukto bhavati | amṛtattvam - svasvarūpāvirbhāvaṃ mokṣam ityetat | gacchati - prāpnoti ||

6.1.6.p12

su. - devo s ham manuṣyo s ham ityādi anādivāsanādūṣitacetasāṃ sapadi viviktātmadarśanaṃ dūrlabham | vaśīkṛtendriyāṇāmeva tu tatsambhavaḥ | indriyāṇāṃ vaśīkaraṇamapi manasi avaśīkṛte na ekāntataḥ sambhavati; manaso vaśīkaraṇamapi na adhyavasāyavaśīkaraṇādṛte | tadevaṃ vaśīkāryatve pradhānaṃ kim? iti paryālocanāyām, sarvataḥ paraḥ puruṣottama eva | sa cet prapadanena1 vaśīkṛtaḥ, sarvaṃ sukhena vaśīkṛtaṃ syāt | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā - māmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetāṃ taranti te (bha.gī.7-14) iti | tat paramapuruṣaṃ vaśīkāryaṃ jñātvā mucyata iti imamarthaṃ prāguktaṃ,samaye smārayati - indriyebhyaḥ iti | param - vaśīkāryatve śreṣṭham ityarthaḥ | mana iti | indriyebhyosrthānām, tato manasaḥ paratvaṃ kramābdodhyam | indriyebhyaḥ parā hyarthā arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u. 3-10) iti hi prāk śrūyate |

6.1.6.p13

avyaktam vyākhyātam | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ, śabdaikasamadhigamya iti yāvat | yaṃ jñātvā mucyate - saṃsārāt amṛtattvaṃ ca gacchati - niravadhikānandasvarūpatāṃ ca prāpnoti ||

6.1.6.p14

navamo mantraḥ

6.1.6.p15

(bhaktyaikalabhyaḥ paramātmā)

6.1.6.p16

na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati rūpamasya na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam |

6.1.6.p17

hṛdā manīṣā manasā s bhikḷpto ya enam (etat) viduramṛtāste bhavanti pra.dī. - samāhita cittaḥ bhaktayā paramātmānaṃ paśyati ityāha na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati iti | asya - bhagavataḥ, rūpam - satyajñānānandādi divyātmasvarūpam, yadvā - ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt (bha.gī.8-9, śve.u.3-8) iti divyamaṅgalavigrahaṃ1 vā, sandṛśe - sva prayatnena samyak darśana viṣaye, na tiṣṭhati - na sthito bhavati | enam - paramātmānam, kaścana - kospi, brahmāspi, cakṣuṣā - prākṛta cakṣuṣā, na paśyati - kintu bhagavaddatta divyacakṣuṣā paśyati iti yāvat | hṛdā - bhaktyā, manīṣā manasā - manīṣādhṛtiḥ,2 dhairyayuktamanasā ca, kḷptaḥ grāhya ityarthaḥ | ye etat - paramātmatattvam, viduḥ - jānanti, te amṛtāḥ bhavanti - muktāḥ bhavanti iti yāvat |

6.1.6.p18

pra. - na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati iti | asya rūpam - svarūpaṃ vigraho vā, vyāpakatvādeva sandarśanaviṣaye abhimukhatayā na tiṣṭhati ityarthaḥ | athavā dṛśyaṃnīlarūpādikaṃ nāsti ityarthaḥ | ata eva na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam iti | spaṣṭosrthaḥ | hṛdā manīṣā ityādi | ayamaṃśaḥ, sarvatr prasiddhayadhikaraṇe1 vyāsāryaiḥ hadāṃ iti bhaktirucyate manīṣā iti dhṛtiḥ | na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati rūpamasya na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam (ma.bhā.12 21.64) iti pūrvārdhamekarūpaṃ paṭhivā, bhaktyā ca dhṛtyā ca samāhitātmā3 jñānasvarūpaṃ paripaśyatīha (ma.bhā.12-21-6) iti mahābhārate uktam2 abhikḷptaḥ - grāhyaḥ iti vivṛtaḥ | dhṛtyā samāhitātmā, bhaktyā puruṣottamaṃ paśyati, sākṣātkaroti prāpnoti ityarthaḥ; bhaktyā tvananyayā śakyaḥ (bha.gī.11.54) ityanenaikārthyāt iti vedārthasaṅagrahe pratipāditam; ya enaṃ viduḥ iti | spaṣṭosrthaḥ |

6.1.6.p19

ā.bhā. - samprati paramapuruṣajñānāya sādhanamupadiśati - na sandṛśe iti | asya - paramātmanaḥ, rūpam - vyāpakībhūtam antaryāmisvarūpam

6.1.6.p20

aprākṛta vigraho vā, sandṛśe - dṛṣṭipathe, na tiṣṭhati - darśanagocaro na bhavati ityarthaḥ | tato hetoḥ, na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam | cakṣuṣaḥ prākṛtattvena, kaścidapi devo manuṣyo vā īdṛśena paramātmānaṃ draṣṭuṃ na arhati;tasya antaryāmisvarūpasya vyāpakatvāt vigrahasya ca aprākṛtatvāt | prākṛtam indriyam aprākṛtagrahaṇāssamarthaṃ bhavati iti bhāvaḥ| tadā asya darśanasādhanaṃ kimiti śaṅkāyāmāha - hṛdā iti | atra hṛtpadam, hṛdayasthāyā buddheḥ lakṣakam | tathā ca hṛdā - hṛdayasthayā buddhyā bhaktirūpāpannayā | hṛdā ityasya viśeṣaṇamāha - manīṣā mana īṣṭa iti manīṭ | tayāsaṅkalpavikalpātmakasya manaso niyamanakartā ityarthaḥ | manasā - svaniyantrakabhaktirūpāpannabuddhikṛtasaṃskāreṇa cetasā, abhikḷptaḥ - grāhyaḥ sākṣātkāryaḥ paramapuruṣo bhavati ityarthaḥ | manasā tu viśuddhena (vyāsasmṛti) manasaivedamāptavyam (ka.u.4-11) ityādi śrutīnām ihaiva svārasyāt | ye etat - aparaṃ brahma, viduḥ - īdṛśena manasā jānīyuḥ, te - upāsakā amṛtā bhavanti ||

6.1.6.p21

su. - yaṃ jñātvā mucyate, tasya vijñāne sādhanaṃ prastauti - na sandṛśa iti | asya paramapuruṣasya rūpaṃ yadaprākṛtaṃ tat na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati, prākṛtadṛṣṭipathe na tiṣṭhati | ata eva enaṃ na kaścit cakṣuṣā paśyati - manuṣyajātīyo devajātīyo vā cakṣuṣā ātmīyena draṣṭuṃ na śaknoti ityetat | yadvā - nāsya rūpaṃ tiṣṭhati - nīlapītādi loke dṛśyamānaṃ nāstyasyetyetat | yadrūpaṃ sandṛśe - darśanaviṣayatve prayojakaṃ syāt | pare tu - na asya svarūpaṃ paricchinnavastvantaravat darśanaviṣaye pathi puratastiṣṭhati;

6.1.6.p22

yato vyāpakosyam | cakṣuṣastu paricchinnagrahaṇa eva pāṭavam | ataḥ na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam iti vyācakṣate | tarhi kenāyaṃ grāhyaḥ ityatrāha - hṛdā iti | rūpyarūpivibhāgamanapekṣyānapekṣya ca sannihitaviprakṛṣṭādivibhāgam, sarvam arthajātaṃ harati | ādatta iti hṛdi tyucyate cetaḥ, tenāyaṃ grāhyaḥ | cakṣurādīnāṃ rūpādiniyatārthagrāhitayā etadgrahaṇāsāmarthyespi cākṣuṣespi arthe cetasaḥ sāmarthyāt tenāsya grahaṇaṃ bhavet iti yāvat | yadyapi cetaḥ sāmānyataḥ sarveṣāṃ sādhāraṇam, na tāvatāssya grahaṇaṃ sidhyati | tat saṃskṛtameva tat tathā iti jñāpayannāha - manīṣā iti | tṛtīyāyā lopaḥ chāndasaḥ| ātmānātmavivecanakṣamā tu buddhiḥ iha manīṣā ityucyate | īdṛśabuddhiviśeṣasaṃskṛtena cetasāsyaṃ grāhya ityuktam bhavati | yadyapi bahavo manīṣiṇaḥ śāstrata ātmānātmatattvaṃ vivicya jānanti nāma, na tāvatā teṣām asya sākṣātkāro bhavati; tathāpi mananamahimnā bhavet eva asya sākṣātkāraḥ iti jñāpayannāha - manasā iti | mananasādhanaṃ manaḥ ucyate | mananam - vivicya adhigatasya muhuḥ anucintanam dhyānayogena cetasā ityuktaṃ bhavati | abhikḷptaḥ - abhigṛhītaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ, sākṣātkārayogyaḥ iti yāvat | ya etadviduḥ - īdṛśaṃ paraṃbrahma, ye viduḥ te amṛtāḥ - muktā bhavanti | pare tu -

Linked texts (1)

Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit