Yāska's Nirukta 175
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 175
- Language
- Sanskrit
175.1
athākāracintanavyavadhānāddevatātrayādhikārasya tadviśeṣavivakṣayā tadanusmṛtaye ca sa etat prakaroti- "tisraḥ eva devatāḥ- ityuktaṃ purastāt" iti || yaiḥ punastatra viśeṣo vivakṣitaḥ, ma ucyaite, - "tāsāṃ bhaktisāhacaryaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ" | tāsameva tisṛṇāṃ bhaktisāhacaryam, bhaktiśca sāhacaryaṃ ca bhaktikṛta vā sāhacaryyamiti | lokādīnāmevāgnyādibhirbhajanaṃ bhaktiḥ, sahacarabhāvaḥ sāhacaryam | tat kimartham ?, ucyateasaṃvijñātapade mantre bhaktyā sāhacaryeṇa vā yathā devatā gamyetetyevamarthaṃ bhaktisāhacaryamucyate |
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175.2
yadyevamucyatāṃ tarhi kāni kimabhaktīni ?, iti | taducyate- "atha etāni agnibhaktīni" | atheti viśeṣārthakāre | agniṃ bhajante, agninā vā bhajyante-ityagnibha ktīni || katamāni ? "ayaṃ lokaḥ" ityevamādīni agnibhaktīnyavagantavyāni | "yeca devagaṇāḥ samāmnātāḥ prathame sthāne" | tadyathā,-oṣadhī, akṣāḥ, grāvāṇaḥ, abhīpavaḥ- ityevamādīni || "agnāyī, pṛthivī, iḷā-iti striyaḥ"| 'iḷā, pṛthivī, agnāyī'-iti krameṇa vaktavye kramabhedo'gnāyī tatsamā[nā]khyānāt sannikṛṣṭatarā, na tathā pṛthivīti, tasmāt prathamamucyate, tataḥ pṛthivyāśrayasambandhādagnerna tathaiḷā, parokṣādabhidheyasya || 'āprī'-madhye 'tisro devīḥ' ityatra iḷā, bhāratyāḥ dyusthānāyā anantaraṃ śrūyamāṇā,-"ā no yajñaṃ bhāratī tūryametviḷāṃmanuṣyavadiha cetayantī ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 6, 9, 3 )'-iti | kathaṃ pṛthivīsthānā ? iti | ucyate-anuyājeṣu sāmarthyāt, "dyāṃ bhāratyādityairaspṛkṣan sarasvatīṃ rudrairyajñamāvīdihaiveḷayā vasumatyā" ityataḥ sāmarthyamunnīya vasusāhacaryāt ihaiveḷayeti cāgnibhaktirityāha| rudraiḥ sāhacaryāt sarasvatī madhyasthānā ādityaiḥ sāhacaryāt bhāratī dyusthāneti |
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175.3
"athāsya karma" athāsyāgneḥ karma sahabhāvi, ananyadevatāgāmi, yatsaṃbogādasatyapyagniśabde āgneya eva mantro bhavati | "vahanaṃ ca haviṣāṃ" ityevamādi | "dāṣṭaiviṣayakam" dṛṣṭayunugraho yasya viṣayaḥ, taddāṣṭriviṣayikam, prakāśādi karmetyarthaḥ | "agnikarmaiva tat"-iti (athāsya karma iti ) prakṛte punarvacanamādarārtham, ādhyātmye'pi yāvān kaścit prakāśa iti |
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175.4
"athāsya saṃstavikā devāḥ" yaiḥ saha agniḥ stūyate | tadyathā,- "indraḥ, somaḥ" ityevamādayaḥ | mantrasvabhāvopapradarśanāya saṃstavodāharaṇam | agneḥ pūrvanipātād devatādvandve mukhyatā - "agna indra̍śca dāśuṣo duroṇe su̱tava̍to ya̱jñamihopa̍yātam | ama̍rdhantā soma̱peyā̍ya de̱vā || (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 1, 25, 4) " - iti ||
viśvāmitrasyeyamārṣam | virād | anuṣṭup | āgreyaṇe viniyogaḥ ! he bhagavan ! 'agne !' tvam 'indraḥ ca' 'devā' devau asya 'dāśuṣaḥ' dattavataḥ havīṃṣi, yajamānasya 'duroṇe' • yajñagṛhe 'sutāvataḥ' abhiṣutavataḥ 'yajñam' somam 'amardhantā' mṛdhaṃ saṃgrāmamakurvāṇau antarāṃ kenacit saha 'somapeyāya' somapānārtham 'upayātam' ityetadāśāsmahe ||
somena saha saṃstavaḥ | gotamasyārṣam | anuṣṭup | paurṇamāse agnīṣomīyasyānuvākyā || he 'agnīṣomau !' yuvāmucyethe | 'imaṃ' 'havam' āhvānaṃ 'me' mama 'su' suṣṭhu 'śṛṇutam' 'vṛṣaṇā' vṛṣaṇau varṣitārau śrutvā cāgacchatam | āgatya ca 'pratiharyyataṃ' pratiprepsataṃ, mayā pūrvaṃ prepsitau prati kāmayethām imāni sūktāni śrotum | śrutvā cemāni 'bhavataṃ' 'dāśuṣe' yuvāṃ havirdātre 'mayaḥ' sukhāvityarthaḥ ||
varuṇena saṃstavaḥ | vāmadevasyārṣam | triṣṭup | avabhṛthe viniyogaḥ | he bhagavan ! !' 'tvam' 'naḥ' asmān yathāvat 'vidvān' jānānaḥ bhaktā mama' ete iti | , ya devasya' yaḥ asmān prati 'heḷaḥ' krodhaḥ, tam anenāvabhṛthakarmaṇā 'ava'yāsiṣṭhāḥ' apagamaya | kiñca, yaḥ tvaṃ 'yajiṣṭhaḥ' yaṣṭatamaḥ, devānāṃ hotṛtve vartta'rṣamḥ' 'vahnitamaḥ' voḍhatamaśca haviṣām, sa tvaṃ punaḥ punaḥ 'śośucānaḥ' dedīpyamānaḥ teṣu teṣu karmasu 'viśvā' viśvāni sarvāṇi 'dveṣāṃsi' dveṣyāṇi 'pra' prakarṣeṇa 'asmat' asmattaḥ 'mumugdhi' muñca viyojayityarthaḥ ||
parjanastyle="font-family: inherit;" yena saṃstavaḥ | bharadvājasyārṣam | triṣṭup || he 'agnīparjanyā' !' yuvām ucyethe | 'avatum' augacchatam, imāṃ 'dhiyam' idaṃ karma prati, 'me' mama 'asmin' 'have' āhvāne 'suhavā' suhavau svāhvānau 'suṣṭutiṃ' śobhanāmimāṃ stutiṃ śrotum | āgatya ca
śrutvā imām ‘iḷām’ iḍām annam ‘anyaḥ’ ekaḥ ‘janayat’ janayatu, ‘garbham anyaḥ garbhameko janayatu | tau yuvāmeva pratisaṃvatsaraṃ ‘prajāvatīḥ’ prajāsaṃyuktāḥ ‘iṣaḥ’ annāni ‘ā’ ābhimukhyena sthitvā ‘dhattaṃ’ dattam, ‘asme’ asamabhyamityarthaḥ ||
ṛtubhiḥ saṃstavaḥ | medhātitherārṣam | gāyatrī | ṛtuyājeṣu viniyogaḥ || he bhagavan ! ‘agne!’ ‘devān’ ‘iha’ asmākaṃ karmaṇi ‘āvaha’ āhvaya | āhūya devān ‘sādaya’ ‘yoniṣu triṣu’ sabaneṣu triṣu | etān yathākālaṃ yaja | amunā prakāreṇa ‘paribhūṣa’ sarvato devayāgenālaṅkuruṣva etaṃ yajñam, ātmanā ‘piba’ caitaṃ somam ‘ṛtunā’ saha |
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175.5
‘“āgnāvaiṣṇavaṃ ca haviḥ”| darśagrahaṇāt havipa eva sampradānārthatvam | yā ṛcaḥ tāḥ saṃstavenāgnāviṣṇvoḥ santi | tadyathā-
vāmadevasyeyamārtham | gāyatrī | āgnāvaiṣṇave haviṣi viniyogaḥ || he ‘agnāvi ‘sajoṣasā’ sajoṣasau nitya saha joṣaṇau nityaṃ samānaprītau ‘vāṃ’ yuvāmucyethe | etāḥ asmad‘giraḥ’ asmatstutayaḥ ‘varddhantu’ varddhayantu yuvām | vṛddhau ca satyām, smaddeyaiḥ ‘dyumnaiḥ’ dyotanavadbhiḥ ‘vājebhiḥ’ annairabhyuddhataiḥ ‘āgatam’ asmān yātam |
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175.6
‘“na tvṛk saṃstavikī daśatayīṣu vidyate”| ‘na’–iti pratiṣedhaḥ | ‘tu’ śabdo'va’ dhāraṇārthaḥ | ‘ṛk’ ‘saṃstavikī’ sastāvayuktā, ‘daśatayīṣu’ daśamaṇḍalāvayavapravibhāgena tāyata iti daśatayaḥ ṛgvedaḥ, tasya śākhāḥ daśatayyaḥ, tāsu sarvāsapi śākhāsu ekāpi haviṣyaviniyuktā śastramadhyapātinī ṛk agnāviṣṇvoḥ saṃstavikī nāsti | syādapyanyatra saṃstavikī, na tu daśatayīṣu | asaṃstavena vā daśatayīṣvapi ityutsarga darśayati, evametanmayā nipuṇamanviṣyata iti |
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175.7
gaṣṭaiṣaḥ | athāpyayya̍mapara utsargaḥ,-“athāpyāgnāpauṣṇaṃ” “haviḥ” eva, “na tu saṃstavaḥ” | tasmiṃstu haviṣi | kiṃtu pṛthak pṛthageva agniḥ stūyate pūṣā ca |
“tatra” tasmin saṃstave agnipūṣṇoḥ “etāṃ vibhaktistutim ṛcam” “udāharanti” nairuktāḥ-||
175.9
“pūṣā tvetaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 6, 23, 3 )”-iti || devaśravaso yāmāyanasyārṣam | triṣṭup | punaḥ śavasya karṇe pramītānumantraṇe viniyogaḥ || yaḥ pramīta ucyate | “pūṣā” bhagavān “ādityaḥ” pathāmadhipatiḥ, saḥ “tvā” tvām “itaḥ” manuṣyalokāt viśiṣṭena pathā “pracyāvayatu” pragamayatu “vidvān” avyavahitajñānaḥ | sarvatra jñānāvyavadhānādeva ca “anaṣṭapaśuḥ” | “bhuvanasya gopāḥ” | bhuvanasya bhūtajātasya gopāḥ rakṣitā uparyavasthitaḥ “saḥ” pūṣā, evaṃlakṣaṇaḥ “tvā” tvāṃ pragamayya “etebhyaḥ” candramaṇḍalopāntavāsibhyaḥ “pitṛbhyaḥ” “paridadat” paridadātu | taduktam,-“dakṣiṇāyanāt pitṛlokam”-iti “agniḥ” api caitebhyaḥ utkṛṣya “devebhyaḥ suvidatriyebhyaḥ” ye vidyuto madhye nivasanti, tebhyaḥ paridadātu | tadapyuktam,“candramaso vaidyutam”-iti | sa tvamevamubhāvapi devalokapitṛlokāvabhyaśnuhītyāśīḥ
pramītaraya | ukta ca,-"ye devayānāḥ pitṛyānāśca lokāḥ sarvāṃstānanṛṇāḥ saṃñcarema"-iti || "sa tvaitebhyaḥ0 iti sāṃśayikaḥ tṛtīyaḥ pādaḥ" saṃśayo'sminnastīti sāṃśayikaḥ, tṛtīyaḥ pādo'syā ṛcaḥ || kathaṃ kṛtvā ? yathā,-"pūṣā purastāt" 'pūṣā svetadaṃśyāvayatu'iti, "tasya anvādeśaḥ-iti ekam" sāmarthyāddarśanam | tathā vyākhyātameva | trayaḥ pauṣṇāḥ pādāḥ, eka evāgneyaḥ evamiyaṃ vibhaktastutiḥ | athavā-dvārā sarvāvāgneyā | tatra arthayojanā,-pūṣṇā pracyāvitaṃ santaṃ so'gnirvakṣyamāṇastvāmetebhyaḥ pitṛbhyo devebhyaḥ suvidanriyebhyaḥ paridadātu, mā pitṛbhyaḥ pretebhya ityabhiprāyaḥ | taṃ pretaṃ diṣṭamito'gnaya eva harantītyapekṣya sarvanāmnaścottareṇāpyagniśabdena sambandhamaviruddhayamāna vyapekṣya akalpayat | "agniḥ upariṣṭāt, tasya prakīrttanā-iti aparam"-iti || "suvidatraṃ dhanaṃ bhavati"-"vindateḥ vā" "eko pasargāt" su-iti etena ekena upasargeṇa upamṛṣṭāt || "dadāteḥ vā" "dvayupasargāt" su-vi-bhyāṃ dvābhyām upasargābhyāṃ yuktāt | tada yeṣāmasti te suvidatriyāḥ |
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit