Yāska's Nirukta 23
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 23
- Language
- Sanskrit
23.1
atiṣṭhantīnāmiti | hiraṇyastūpasyeyamārṣam, dāsapatnīriti ca | triṣṭubhāvete | agniṣṭome niṣkevalyaṃ nāma śastram, tatra nividdhānīyametat sūktam, tatraite dve api śasyete | na tiṣṭhantītyatiṣṭhantyaḥ, tāsām "atiṣṭhantīnām" meghodarāntargatānāmapām | tā hi meghe gacchati gacchantyeva, tadādhāratvāt | "āniveśanānām" "anāveśamānānām" na hi tāḥ kvacinniviśante, yāvajjalāśayaṃ nāpnuvanti | tāsāmevaṃvidhānāṃ "kāṣṭhānāṃ madhye" avasthitānāṃ bāhyato meghākhyaṃ "nihitam" avasthāpitaṃ dhātrā "śarīram" āvṛtya apaḥ, tāsāmeva guptaye | tāḥ punaḥ "āpaḥ" tasya "vṛtrasya" meghasya "niṇyaṃ nirṇāmaṃ" yenāsau nīcairnamati taṃ pradeśaṃ "vijānanti" iva | yatastena pradeśena "vicaranti" pracaranti nimnānusāriṇyo hi tāḥ | asāvapi vṛtrastāsu pracarantīṣu tatpracaraṇanirodhaṃ cikīrṣuḥ svaśarīravivṛddhyā 'dīrgha tamaḥ' sa hi tamaḥ svata eva, dhūmādiprabhavatvāt | yāvantaṃ pradeśaṃ nimnamanusarantyo meghasya tāḥ sṛtā bhavanti, nipatyantyastato bahutaramasau varddhate| tadavarutsyaivaṃ dīrghaṃ tama ātṛtya "āśayat" āgota ityarthaḥ || kaḥ punarevamāśayat ? "indraśatruḥ" iti samastārthaḥ || athaikapadaniruktam |- "śarīraṃ śṛṇāteḥ" hiṃsārthasya, hisyate hi tat || "śamnātervā" hiṃsārthasya || "dīrghaṃ drāghateḥ ( bhū0 ā0 )" vṛddhyarthasya, vṛddhaṃ hi tad bhavati || "tamaḥ tanoteḥ ( tanā0 ubha0 )" tena hi sarvameva tataṃ bhavati || "āśayat" "āṅ" pūrvasya "śeteḥ" || "indraśatruḥ" "indro'sya śamayitā vā" hantetyarthaḥ "śātayitā vā" hantā vā, dhātvanyatvamarthaikatvam |
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23.2
iha mantre vṛtra ityetacchrutaṃ "tat" etat naigamānuprasaktaṃ vicāryate ityupayuktastacchabdaḥ | āha-"ko vṛtraḥ ?" ucyate-"megha iti nairuktāḥ, tvāṣṭro'sura ityaitihā-
sikāḥ" | niruktamadhīyate nairuktāḥ|| āha-yadi megho vṛtro, ya eṣa mantreṣu tasya saṅgrāmaḥ śrūyate tatra kaḥ samādhiḥ ? iti | ucyate-"apāṃ ca jyotiṣaśca miśrībhāvakarmaṇo varṣakarma jāyate, tatropamārthena yuddhavarṇā bhavanti" | apāṃ ca meghodarāntargatānāṃ jyotiṣaśca vaidyutasya udbhūtavṛtteḥ miśrībhāvakarmaṇo varṣakarma jāyate tena hi vaidyutena jyotiṣā vāyvāveṣṭitena indrākhyenopattāḍyamānā āpaḥ prasyandante-varṣabhāvāya kalpante | tatra evaṃ satyudakatejasoritaretarapratidvandvabhūtayoḥ upamārthena rūpakalpanayā yuddhavarṇā bhavanti-iti yuddhe rūpakāṇītyarthaḥ | na hyatra yathābhūtaṃ yuddhamasti, na hīndrasya śatravaḥ kecana santi | mantro'pi caitasminnarthe asti nendrasya śatravaḥ,'' "yadaccara̱stanvā̍ vāvṛdhā̱no balānīndra prabruvā̱ṇo jane̍ṣu | mā̱yetsā te̱ yāni̍ yu̱ddhānyā̱hurnādya śatrūṃ nanu pu̱rā vi̍vitse || (ṛ0 saṃ0 8,1,15,2)" | vāmadevaputrasya bṛhadukthasyārṣam | triṣṭup | vyūḍhasyāṣṭame'hani niṣkevalye śasyate||'yat' 'acaraḥ' tvaṃ nānāprakāraṃ 'tanvā vāvṛdhānaḥ' śarīreṇa vigrahavān bhūtvā vāvṛdhānaḥ punaḥpunaḥ varddhamānaḥ || kathaṃ punaracaraḥ ? 'balānīndra prabruvāṇo janeṣu' | balāni ātmīyānivīryyāṇi, he indra ! prabruvāṇaḥ iva || kva ?, janeṣu || kiṃ tvaṃ tathaiva ? na | 'māyetsā te yāni yuddhānyāhuḥ' | yāni yuddhānyāhuḥ aitihāsikāḥ, nānārūpāṇyupapradarśayantaḥ, sā api ca te tava māyā it māyaiva || kiṃ kāraṇam ? 'nādya' śatruḥ tavāsti pratyanīkabhūtaḥ || 'na nu purā' nāpi purā kaścidāsīt | yāvad vīryaṃ kiñcit kvacidasti sarvaṃ tat tvameva | "vīryyaṃ vai prāṇo vīryyamindra iti ha vijñāyate" | kva te śatruḥ ? yena sākaṃ yuyovitha | etacca tvamapi 'vivitse' vetsyeva, na kevalamahamevetyabhiprāyaḥ | evametanmantre māyāmātrameva yuddhamiti śrūyate | vijñāyate ca "tasmādāhurnaitadasti yaddevāsuramiti" | tasmāt sādhūktam-"apāṃ ca jyotiṣaśca miśrībhāvakarmaṇo varṣaṃ jāyate, tatropamārthena yuddhavarṇā bhavanti" |
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23.3
āha-kiṃ vṛtravadeva yuddharūpāṇi bhavanti ? netyucyate-"ahivattu khalu mantravarṇā, brāhmaṇavādāśca" 1tuḥ śabdaḥ samuccayārtho draṣṭavyaḥ | vṛtravaccāhivacceti mantravarṇā mantraliṅgāni | bhavanti, brāhmaṇavādāśca śākhāntareṣu bhavanti, tadapyupekṣitavyam || "tasmin . hate" vṛtrākhye meghe hate "prasasyandire" "āpaḥ" prasyanditavatya āpaḥ |
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athaikapadniruktam | “dāsapatnīḥ dāsādhipatnyaḥ” dāsaḥ karmakaraḥ, taṃ hi tā adhiṣṭhāya pānti rakṣanti | sa hi karmaṇā śrāntaḥ, tāsu pītāsu viśrānta āpyāyito bhavanti || vigrahaprasaktaṃ nirucyate,-“dāso dasyateḥ (di0pa0)” sa hi “upakṣayate” upakṣayati kṛṣyādīni “karmāṇi” || “ahigopāḥ” “ahinā guptāḥ” || “ahiḥ” kasmāt ? ucyate-“ayanāt” “eti” hi asau “antarikṣe” || śabdasāmānyānnirucyate,-“ayamapītaro'hiḥ” sarpaḥ “etasmādeva” asāvapi hi eti || athavā “nihna̍sitopasargaḥ” syāt || katham ? “āhanti” asau bhogenetyādiḥ | āṅpūrvasya hanteḥ (adā0 pa0), sa punarayamupasargaṃ nirhrasya hrasvaṃ kṛtvā ahirucyate || “paṇirvaṇig bhavati”-iti paryāyeṇa tattvavacanam | “paṇiḥ paṇanāt” paiṇati hyasau vyavahāraṃ karoti || paryāyaprasaktaṃ nirucyate,-“vaṇik paṇyaṃ” vaṇijo yat dravyaṃ tat paṇyam, tadasau “nenekti” nityakālaṃ śucīkaroti mūlyārhaṃ syāditi||“bilaṃ bharaṃ bhavati” “bibharteḥ (ju0pa0)” dhātoḥ, bhṛtaṃ hi tadudakatādibhiḥ || “vṛtro vṛṇotervā (svā0u0) varttatervā (bhū0 ā0 ) varddhatervā (bhū0 ā0 )” ityeṣāṃ dhātūnāmanyatamasya | brāhmaṇamapi caitasminnarthe bhavati,-“yadavṛṇot” antarikṣamudakaṃ vā, mahattvāt “tada vṛtrasya vṛtratvam”-“iti” evaṃ brāhmaṇe'pi “vijñāyate” vicāryyamāṇe jñāyate | athavā “yadavarttata” indreṇa hato vṛtro meghaḥ apāṃ bile apāvṛte apaḥ vṛṣṭibhāvena avarttayat prāvarttayat, “tad vṛtrasya vṛtratvam” | athavā “yan avarddhata” asāvatimātrapramāṇam, “tad vṛtramya vṛtratvaṃ” syāditi |
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Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit