Yāska's Nirukta 238
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 238
- Language
- Sanskrit
238.1
“kṣetrasya patiḥ” kasmāt ? “kṣetram” tāvat “kṣiyateḥ-nivāsakarmaṇaḥ” tadāśrayeṇa hi grāme kṣiyanti nivasanti kuṭumbinaḥ | “tasya pātā vā pālayitā vā”
, madhyamaḥ, tatkarmopapattau hi kṣetrasya kṣetrasvasāphalyam, yadā hi madhyamena vṛṣṭaṃ bhavati, atha kṣetraṃ saphalaṃ bhavati | vigṛhītameva samāmnātam, nigame tathā dṛṣṭatvāt|
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“tasya eṣā bhavati”-||
“kṣetra̍sya̱ pati̍nā va̱yaṃ0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 8, 9, 1)”-iti | vāmadevasyārṣam | kṣetrasya pataye caroḥ puro'nuvākyā | “kṣetrasya patinā” suṣṭhu “hitena” kenacidāptena mitreṇa iva saṃyuktāḥ santaḥ “vayam” “jayāmaḥ” gavāśvādīni dhanāni puṣṭāni balavanti poṣayitṝṇi poṣaṇāya samarthāni upanāmitadravyāṇāṃ cāsmākaṃ kṣetrasya patinā tvatprasādādeva tāni bhoktuṃ śaktirastu | katham ? iti | ‘ā’-ityasyopasargasya sambandhi kriyāpadamadhyājahāra bhāṣyakāraḥ “āhara”-iti | ko'rthaḥ ? upajātaśaktayo vayamevamājñāpayantaḥ paricārakānidmāharateti sarvadravyāṇi yathā'nuvartihi, tathā kṣetrasya patirasmān mṛḍayatu || “mṛḷātiḥ dānakarmā” “īdṛśe” dhanalābhāya bhogāya cāsmān dadātu, dhārayatu, nityaṃ sthirān karotu-ityetadāśāsmahe |
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"tasya eṣā aparā bhavati"-| [ sā punaḥ kimartham ? yasya caroḥ eṣā puro'nuvākyā, tatra brāhmaṇaṃ bhavati, -“iyaṃ vai kṣetraṃ pṛthivyasyāmadīnāyāṃ pratitiṣṭhati”iti, yataḥ parastādvahniliṅgenopapādayati madhyasthānaḥ kṣetrasya patiriti, bhaktimātraṃ brāhmaṇamiti ]-||
"kṣetra̍sya pate̱ madhu̍mantam0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 8, 9, 2 )" - iti | ārṣaṃ yadeva pūrvasyāḥ| viniyogo mahāvrate, āditye caitadrūpaścatuḥstanagrahaḥ, tasya tṛtīyamanayarcā gṛhyate | he "kṣetrasya pate !" "madhumantam ūrmim" madhuraṃ svādu udakasaṅghātam, "dhenuḥ" yathā "payaḥ" dogdhi, evam "asmāsu" "dhukṣva" prakṣara | kiṃca, "madhuścutaṃ ghṛtamiva supūtam” | madhu iva yat muhurmuhuḥ śrotati, ghṛtamiva supūtam udakamakaluṣam, tasya dānena "ṛtasya naḥ patayo mṛḷayantu" | "ṛtasya" udakasya "patayaḥ" "pātāraḥ" mādhyamikā devāḥ kṣetrasya patipramukhāḥ “mṛḷayantu" mṛḍayantu nityamasmān rakṣantu, pūjayantu vā |
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238.2
ata eva mantrāt prasaktamataḥ paraṃ sarvamantreṣu jāmyajāmitā padānāṃ cinyate - jāmīti punaruktasya sañjñā, sā punariyaṃ nigamata eva | vijāyate hi - "jāmi vā etad yajñe kriyate, yanmarutvatīyā graho gṛhyate marutvatīyaṃ śasyate"- iti | tadetat punarukta dvividham-samānaśabdārtham, asamānaśabdārthaṃ ca | tatra samānaśabdārthaṃ nāma, yadekameva padamekārthamekasminneva vākyādhikāre punarucyate | tadyathā- "manma̍ reja̍ti ra̱kṣohā manma̍ reja̍ti (ṛ0 saṃ0 2, 1, 17, 1 )" - iti | tadadhikṛtyānyathāpratisamādhānāśatau vakṣyati- "abhyāse bhūyāṃsamarthaṃ manyante"- iti | yat punarasamānārthaṃ padamabhyasyate, tadapunaruktameva | yadasamānaśabda mamānārthaṃ ca tadasukhapratisamādhānamiti tadarthamihopoddhanti"tadyat samānyāmṛci" - iti | taditi vākyopādāne | "yat" "samānyāmṛci" ekasyāmṛci "samānābhivyāhāraṃ" padaṃ "bhavati" samānamarthamabhivyāharati padānta-
reva, yaḥ kaścit pūrvai'rddharcai'bhihito'rthaḥ, tameva uttare'rddharcai'bhidadhat “jāmi bhavati” | tat “yathā- 'madhumantaṃ, madhuścutam'-iti” | yo hi madhuścut avaśyamasau madhumān | “ekaṃ” tāvat ācāryamatam |
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238.3
“yadeva samāne pāde samānābhivyāhāraṃ bhavati, tajjāmi bhavatītyaparam” | nānārddharcagatayoḥ samānārthayorapi padayorasamānapadāntaravyavadhānāt prakṛtārthānusmṛtaye punaranukīrtanamajāmyeva, kiṃtu yadeva samāne pāde ekasmin padāntareṇa vyavahitaṃ padaṃ samānārtha punarucyate, avicchinnaprasaktānusmṛti, tadeva jāmītyaparam | tadyathā-“hira̍ṇyarūpa̱ḥ sa hira̍ṇyasandṛk-iti yathā ( ṛ0 sa0 2, 7, 23, 5 )”| yo hiraṇyarūpaḥ so'vaśyaṃ hiraṇyasandṛk |
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238.4
tat kiṃ paunaruktyena tatyājyaṃ padam, tatsaṃyogādvā tadasādhu mantravākyam ! naityucyate-“yathā kathā ca viśeṣo'jāmi bhavatītyaparam” yathā kathañcit yaḥ kaścit svalpo'pi hi tatra viśeṣo vaktavyaḥ, dṛṣṭānuvidhānācchandasaḥ, arthānuvidhāne hyetattaivam | yena kenacit svalpenāpi viśeṣeṇa tadajāmi bhavatītyaparam || apare punaḥ kṛtavākyārthaparisamāptyatiriktaṃ padaṃ punarabhyasyamānaṃ nipātavat pādapūraṇatvenārthavaditi pratisamādadhate | tadetadavagataṃ bhavati, idameva tvabhīṣṭamācāryasya“yathā kathā ca viśeṣaḥ” iti | tadarthamudāharati-“ma̱ṇḍūkā̍ ivoda̱kān ma̱ṇḍūkā̍ uda̱kādi̍va ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 8, 24, 5 ) iti yathā-”iti | evamādiṣu yathā samānaśabdeṣu asamānaśabdeṣu ca punarukteṣu yaḥ kaścid viśeṣo vaktavyaḥ || sa katham ? iti mantrameva taṃ vyācakṣmahe | yatraiṣa pādaḥ-“yoga̱kṣema̍ṃ va ādā̱ya ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 8 24, 5, )” -iti | ṛṣabhasyārṣam | kāmato devatāḥ-kalpyāḥ | vidviṣa ucyante“yoga̱kṣema̍ṃ va ādā̱yāhaṃ bhū̍yāsamutta̱ma ā vo̍ mū̱rddhāna̍makramīm | adha̱spadātma̱ udva̍data ma̱ṇḍūkā̍ ivoda̱kān ma̱ṇḍūkā̍ uda̱kādi̍va ||”-iti | yogo nāma lipsitārthasya prāptiḥ, kṣemo nāma tatparipālanam | he vidviṣaḥ ! etat ubhayaṃ bhavaddhanya ādāya madadhīnasarvayogakṣemān yuṣmān kṛtvā sarvārtheṣvapi 'ahaṃ bhūyāsam' 'uttamaḥ' utkṛṣṭaḥ yuṣmākam | 'ā vo mūrddhānamakramīm' | upari yuṣmānadhitiṣṭheyam | te yūyamakrāntamūrddhāno mayā | 'me' mama 'adhaspadāt' pādayoradho varttamānāḥ manmukhaprekṣāḥ asvādhīnasarvārthavṛttayo bhūtvā nityam 'āvadata' | katham ? "maṇḍūkā iva̱odakāt" yathā maṇḍūkāḥ udakāt ṛte nityamasvādhīnavāgvṛttayo nirvvacanāḥ sampadyante, evaṃ madṛte yūyaṃ mo bhūta | evamatraikatra viddiṣāṃ nirvāktve maṇḍūkā upamānam, pānyatra udakābhāve maṇḍūkā yathā sarvātmanaiva na bhavanti, evaṃ madabhāve yūyamityudakamupamānam ||
eṣa viśeṣaḥ pūrvayorapi mantrayorbhavati, -kaścit madhumān na tu madhu avirataṃ muhurmuhuścotatīti, yathā "hiraṇyarūpaḥ sa hiraṇyasandṛk" iti, atra bhavati kaściddhira ṇyarūpaḥ na tu hiraṇyamiva dṛśyamānaḥ priya iti viśeṣaḥ |
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238.5
"vāstoṣpatiḥ (9)" vaktavyaḥ | sa ca punareṣa rudrātmanā madhyamo vāstoṣpatiḥ | vijñāyate hi vāstoṣpatīye yāyāvaryyapratipattau gṛhagamanamadhikṛtya-"na hīnamanvāhareyu rudrāya hi taddhīyate yaddhīnamanvāhareyuḥ rudraṃ bhūtamanvāhareyuḥ"-iti | sa eṣa gṛhādhidevatā rudro vāstoṣpatiḥ | sa punaḥ "amīvahā"-iti balakṛtiliṅgāt madhyamaḥ ||
tasya pūrvaṃ padaṃ vigṛhya nirāha-"vāstuḥ, vasateḥ nivāsakarmaṇaḥ" | "vāstu"iti gṛhamucyate, uṣyate hi tasmin | "tasya" "pātā" rakṣitā, tadadhidevatābhāvena rudrātmanā ca tatkṛtenopakāreṇa rakṣitā madhyamaḥ, itarathā hyutsīdeyurgṛhāḥ |
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"tasya eṣā bhavati"-||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit